• Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    how about we just make a deal with him, that if leaves right now, we will agree he has finished making America great again, he can go and tell everyone he was the greatest president ever, and didn't even need 4 years to do it.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.

    Here is the premise that I will break down into part

    Any discussion on abortion needs to start with some theoretical account of the wrongness of killing.
    I would imagine most on here would have no issue with the assertion it is morally impermissible to, without justification, kill adult human beings like us.

    Assume you are ok so far.

    But why is it wrong to kill people like us? While we may want to suggest it is the loss others would experience due to our absence. But if that was all it was, it would allow the killing of hermits, or those who lead otherwise independent or friendless lives.

    I left out the part about the harm to the killer, this is just to isolate the harm done in killing to the person killed


    A better answer would be the primary wrong done by the killing is the harm it does to the victim. The loss of one’s life is one of the greatest losses one can suffer.

    Hope we still ok here

    However is it simply the change in a biological state that make killing wrong? That seems insufficient.

    Here is the definition you are asking for-

    The effect of the loss of my biological life is the loss to me of all those activities, projects, experiences, and enjoyments which would otherwise have constituted my future personal life. These activities, projects, experiences, and enjoyments are either valuable for their own sake or are means to something else that is valuable for its own sake. Some parts of my future are not valued by me now, but will come to be valued by me as I grow older and as my values and capacities change. When I am killed, I am deprived both of what I now value which would have been part of my future personal life, but also what I would come to value. Therefore, when I die, I am deprived of all of the value of my future. Inflicting this loss on me is ultimately what makes killing me wrong. This being the case, it would seem that what makes killing any adult human being prima facie seriously wrong is the loss of his other future.


    Now to yours

    As to FOV, some time ago I asked what it is and how it is assessed. A problem is that you refer to it as a "future" consideration. I don't know what that is. I think what you have in mind is a present value. That is, at this moment, according to you (near as I can tell) there exists a quantifier that expresses the present value of your future. Let's suppose there is. What does it mean? How do you calculate it? And finally, what difference does it make - who should care? And while you're working this out, remember that your guy Marquis did not do any of this.tim wood


    I do not see how any of that has to do with the premise above, can you explain the relationship to the premise please


    In, the 20th century, easily a billion people had negative FOVs. But what would it mean? Answer: it would mean nothing. Any decision based on an FOV would needs be based on other considerations as well.tim wood

    Financially? I am not getting the point you are trying to make here either. Not trying to be difficult but am really not understanding your point yet.

    The loss of this FOV is that which "ultimately makes killing wrong." Don't you mean that it is the loss of the potential, the possibilities, of the future, that is part of what makes killing wrong?tim wood

    Yes that is correct, and think that is exactly what the premise says. Do you agree?

    t forget that it is not the killing itself that is the problem, but the cause, reason, and circumstances of the killing.tim wood

    I think I addressed this point, that I believe you are making by saying un justified killing, and asking for some forbearance in not having to argue the nature of justified

    And finally, if you're correct and this FOV is the parameter, the measure, you claim it is, then what prevents us from killing those with a bad FOV?tim wood

    In the argument marquis does allow for euthanasia for people with no future, such as those in permanent vegetative states etc.

    As for bad futures, in you counter argument here you say "us from killing ". That would mean someone other than the individual in question is making the judgment about the nature the victims future. I would say the determination of that should be left to that individual. Also, since the overwhelming amount of human beings in the world to not commit suicide, even those living in awful situations, and of the sad number of those that do, almost all would be attributed to some type of serious mental incapacity. It would be a more than fair statement that given the choice between death and their future, for all practical purposes all sane people chose their future.


    Implicit in this notion of an FOV is the idea that the victim suffers the loss. How? The victim is dead. Please make clear how the victim suffers the loss of his or her FOV. In death, that which can suffer ceases to be.tim wood

    That is exactly the point marquis makes. The change in biological state from alive to dead is not enough, What the victim really loses is his future. Not sure how it could be clearer. You are alive, you value your future, as evidenced by you make plans, you look forward to things to come, you are not hanging yourself. I kill you. You have been denied your future. If the point you are making is that at that point you would not know or care, ok. But than you can extend that point to all murder, and say murder is not wrong, because now the victim doesn't know or care anymore



    It's empty foolish assertion, empty foolish argument, and empty foolish conclusions. And all unnecessary. I'm of a mind that Marquis knows this now and knew it when he wrote it. The people who buy it either are foolish - "Hey, people have an FOV, no more abortion!" Or knowing its failures and flaws, have notwithstanding adapted it to their own ends to persuade the ignorant and thoughtless.tim wood

    And there is the barb chaser. Your opinion is noted.
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    I like Pelosi's quote. " If we planted flowers along the border, trump could convince his supporters it was a wall. Whatever happens Trump will declare victory. That is what his greatest teacher Roy Cohn taught him to do
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    so just once, for all that is good in the world, stop arguing against the premises in my argument like 5 pages ago in the abstract, pick one you believe is false and tell me why.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    by the way that a definition quote - not my opinion

    "A premise or premiss[a] is a statement that an argument claims will induce or justify a conclusion.[3] In other words, a premise is an assumption that something is true."

    "A premise is a proposition one offers in support of a conclusion. That is, one offers a premise as evidence for the truth of the conclusion, as justification for or a reason to believe the conclusion."

    " a proposition antecedently supposed or proved as a basis of argument or inference
    specifically : either of the first two propositions of a syllogism from which the conclusion is drawn"

    now back to me -
    Premises are propositions put forth as true in support of an argument. The person making the argument says these things are true and support the conclusion.

    If someone thinks they are false, or do not support the conclusion they say so and why.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    But just because I assume them does not mean that they're truetim wood

    agree - now that person says they are not true because . . . . .

    or that in virtue of my assuming you are compelled to accept them as true.tim wood

    and again - you are not compelled to believe anything - if you believe them untrue - you say they are untrue because .......

    you would understand that you are compelled to acknowledge that the sky is filled with purple flying unicorns.tim wood

    I have already told you, I dispute the claim - because I just looked up and it is not - await your rebuttal

    You do understand that this is the process of argument don't you ??
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    Do you understand that an argument - most arguments, all that I can think of - comprise premises and a conclusion. One argues for and supports the premises, and then exhibits the conclusion as following from the premises as a matter of form, with flourishes as desired.tim wood

    I see the problem - you were out of philosophy class the day they taught philosophy ( love movie quotes don't you)

    One does not argue or support ones premises they are:

    "A premise or premiss[a] is a statement that an argument claims will induce or justify a conclusion. In other words, a premise is an assumption that something is true"

    PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE NOTE THE WORD "ASSUMPTION"

    The person making the argument ( marquis ) in this case declares the premise, which by definition he proposes is true. Than based on these things he believes are true he make a conclusion. This is not begging the question, this is argument.

    It is incumbent on those who believe his premises or conclusions are false ( you for instance ) to say they are and why - I have been waiting.

    in your example
    Look. The sky is filled with purple flying unicorns. I prove it thus: premise: the sky is filled with purple flying unicorns. I assume that's true. Therefore, the sky is filled with purple flying unicorns.tim wood

    I dispute your proposition the the sky is full of purple flying unicorns because it is not. - Argument over.

    Can't believe that is your issue. Amazed.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    against all the arguments I have made, with propositions and conclusions the counter arguments have been

    Banno - a fetus is not a person, because it is not a person because, because of his CA argument which he is not supporting just putting it out there. - the fact that I have not made one argument based on personhood has escaped him for 6 pages. So not one of his objections on this thread has anything at all to do with my argument - which he dismisses as bad, without cause and ignores. Which it seems is a rather normal tactic.

    he also occasionally make some reference to "what about the woman, which again i fully addressed - and he has so far ignored.

    You on the other hand, have at least 3 times dismissed the FVOL argument on structure. such as this :

    Dismissed because unargued and unsupported, merely assumed and asserted. It seems pretty clear that you can rant, but you can't argue - likely do not even understand what argument is. The FOVA depends on assuming what is in question - and that's not argument. The mistake is begging the question. I call it ranting

    I have asked on each instance, and do again on the latest version, what specific part of the argument you are talking about in your dismissal, so I could possibly formulate a reply - i have yet to receive one.

    Also - as I have pointed out, your first set of objections were addressed specifically in the argument - and as recently as yesterday - i gave you the best argument AGAINST the FVOL argument - whereby you took the 3 items AGAINST it and argued them back as if I was making an argument for. This with other items has lead me to believe you barely read, and if you do, do not even take the briefest of moments to understand the posts i have directed at you. You are writing you argument back in your head before you have reached the second word.

    Every point you have raised to me on the issue has amounted to nothing more than an unsupported pronouncement, with a chaser of a personal barb.

    Address the premises or the conclusion of the FVOL directly and with support of your counter opinion and I will address -

    Address the premises or the conclusion of the use of the woman's body argument and support your counter opinion and I will address

    However all future unsupported pronouncements will be regarded as one more opinion and ignored.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    you're wasting your time and your interlocutorstim wood

    I have not abandoned the argument - i have made the argument - i am abandoning re-statement after restatement after restatement of the argument - after yet one more completely unsupported objection that to date has had nothing at all to do with the propositions or the conclusions. Which is a waste of time.

    I don't feel like sharing, by far the most highly regarded, most published and most used pro life argument that many on the site were un-aware of - was a waste of time.

    the argument is there - agree - disagree is a personal choice.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    That may or not be true in general, would have no clue how to go about any real way of knowing.

    But it makes no difference whatsoever in a philosophical discussion on the permissibly of abortion

    If that was true, we could expect resolution in the form of one side coming to its senses.frank

    and both sides, making good, logical, reason based arguments are waiting for the other to realize it.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    Looking at this - pretty sure it wont be the last thread on abortion - but this will be my last post on it (with one caveat - i will answer direct questions if it would just be rude not to)

    Here is where the whole moral argument is right now.

    MORALITY
    morality itself - is there some level of morality that has a wide application, would be generally accepted as moral or immoral, or is all morality relative.

    one must assume there is some generally accepted concept of morality to continue

    IF ONE BELIEVES ALL MORALITY IS RELATIVE - STOP HERE

    PERSONHOOD
    The arguments about personhood are all arguments of if the biology of humans or something else give the fetus moral standing. Although often debated on forums like this - in large measure it has been abandoned in most academic and serious arguments on abortion. The reason for this is that for each criteria given there is a case where such a criteria is only used in the case of the fetus, and not used in the case of a born human. this is just a long series of begging the question.

    There is one major exception. Dr. Singer continues to argue that it is not biology that makes us human, it is that we are embodied minds that make us human beings. He argues that this occurs somewhere in early childhood and as such would allow infanticide.

    IF ONE BELIEVES NO MATTER WHAT ANYONE SAYS THAT A FETUS IS NOT A PERSON BECAUSE A FETUS IS NOT A PERSON - STOP HERE

    FUTURE OF VALUE ARGUMENT (FOVA)
    Despite the unsupported dismissals of the argument on the board. This argument is regarded almost universally by academics and serious critics both pro choice and pro life as the best argument about the morality of abortion. it is, because it is based on things that almost all believe are intuitively true, or on pure biological fact.

    we do intuitively believe it is wrong to unjustly kill people like you and me
    we do intuitively believe we will exist in the future and we value it. ( I have dinner reservations for next week - and keep a calendar)
    It is a fact that some number of days after the process of conception there does exist a unique human organism
    and it is a fact that if you leave it alone - it will exist in the future as only one thing a human like us.

    this argument hinges on the concept of "Ideal desire" that it is reasonable to assume that those, who due to some handicap or circumstance are unable to overtly express their desire, would desire things that would be best for them.

    The argument against this is that one must have at least some minor level of cognitive ability to be considered as meriting the concept of "ideal desire"

    IF YOU BELIEVE THE CONCEPT OF IDEAL DESIRE DOES NOT APPLY TO THE FETUS - STOP HERE

    RIGHT TO THE USE OF THE MOTHERS BODY
    Even if you believe that the fetus is a moral actor, that by itself does not de facto give it a right
    to the use of the mothers body. The mother possesses bodily autonomy and she can decide to let the fetus use it, or not.

    This argument hinges on the concept of implied consent. Does having sex as an act of free will with a known possible outcome being a fetus with moral standing that has a unique need for the use of your body establish an implied consent

    IF YOU THINK THERE IS NO IMPLIED CONSENT - STOP HERE

    That is really basically where the world is in the argument

    NONE OF WHICH HAS MUCH OF ANYTHING AT ALL WITH IF ABORTION SHOULD OR
    SHOULD NOT BE LEGAL.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    if the decision in row v wade, was about the legality of abortion, if repealed, it would then make abortion illegal. That is not the case. If repealed, the decision would go to the individual states. Most IMO would allow it, some would not.

    The civil war does have many parallels. There was a large disagreement among Americans about what "a person was". One group was using an arbitrary criteria to enslave an entire group of people
    Because it improved the quality of their life. Without their slaves their life would be much more difficult.

    Most of these people lived in the southern states of the US. They said this slavery thing was a matter of choice, if you don't want a slave, don't get one. There is nothing in the constitution that says I can't have one, it is legal and there is nothing you can do about it. And they where right.

    Then the country began to grow, and as new states were the union, there was the question of whether or not they would be slave states or not. Now the states in the south saw a problem coming. If most of these states were free, that view would gain a popular majority, and the federal government might pass some law that slavery was illegal everywhere, They argued that slavery, was not prohibited in the constitution and claimed it was a state right. Seeing this was not going to happen and facing a growing storm driven by the underlying moral truth that slavery was wrong. They left the union.

    In the interest of some brevity

    Skip to Lincoln declares the slaves free in the emancipation proclamation, But even Lincoln was much less than sure this would survive a constitutional challenge in the court. And in hind sight most legal opinions is, it would not. What was needed to end slavery was an amendment to the constitution. And so there was.

    Now if you want a real moral dilemma it is generally believed to be true, that Lincoln extended the war, and the loss of life, in order to get the constitutional amendment and avoid the south entering the union and challenging the emancipation proclamation in court
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    I am so sorry, that was a hypothetical and I now wish I used another.

    Take care of yourself please. I wish I had some great platitude I could share that would help that view, but I don't know if something like that exists. So, just take good care of yourself please
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    I know I posted the same quote a few pages back, making the point it was completely unsupported. Also making the point that if she was using it as a legal term, which I think she was, fine. In most of the developed world that is the legal reality, but as a moral argument it needs support
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    so my 21 year old daughter is suffering from depression. She tells me she wants to take her life. Should I let her. Or assume that her ideal desire if it was not handicapped by her illness would be to live and get her help
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    As for the personhood of the foetus, why would she be expected to argue the obvious? The foetus is not a person; "the fetus does not possess a great deal in the way of agencyBanno

    is that some type of agreement that no where in that work you linked she ever applied that criteria specifically to determine the moral standing of the fetus? If you scroll back a few pages i pasted all she had to say about it. And made the point none was supported.

    You are so all over the map, it is like a Sarah Sanders press conference. I am sure you are a nice man - but we are not going to come to any understanding - we have both exchanged our ideas - not sure there is much point in continuing.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    sentience, emotion, affection, physical health, appetite and rationality.Banno

    i have now been back of that document 3 or 4 times and I cant see where Ms. Nussbaun uses those criteria to establish anything with relation to the fetus obtaining personhood. I only saw them used once
    here:

    the CA understands the basis of human dignity far more inclusively: human dignity inheres in sentience, emotion, affection, physical health, and appetite as well as in rationality

    in the context of adults in a society.

    Not my article and I certainly could be missing the place she applies it to the fetus, but i cant find it. If it would not be too much trouble could you give me your definitions of what those things mean. Or copy and past in context the part of her paper you are alluding to.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    no disrespect but I am not sure you are understanding the concept correctly.

    The concept is what others should assume the person would desire, if they were capable of understanding and communicating their desires.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    . A foetus does not have the characteristics one would reasonably associate with being a person - autonomy, rationality, and so on, whatever you like. A personality.Banno

    The embodied mind, a the definition of a person, which you are almost making here, is IMO the only logical argument for delineating a non-arbitrary criteria for "personhood".

    The only problem most people have with it, is it also allows infanticide. In general - that is a little offsetting
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    Your comment does properly recognize that the pro-choice crowd uses an arbitrary moment to define when human life begins, but you fail to recognize that the pro-life crowd does as well. Conception is an arbitrary moment to declare the existence of human life, as is quickening. as is the trimester frameworkHanover

    in my argument, and in subsequent accounts Dr. Marquis uses something about 2 weeks after the process of conception, around 16 cells, after the prospect of twining has past as the establishment of the a unique human organism.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    But more to this point. Marquis's argument seems a real tar-baby for you. But there's an effective solvent ready to hand. Just wash your hands of it. You know his argument. Own it and rebuild it without his presumptions.tim wood

    Tim - after giving lot of time for others to do this, in the spirit of the honest exchange of ideas I will help you all with the best argument I know against the FVOL argument -

    In his book the A Defense of Abortion Danial Boonin acknowledges that the FVOL argument has the most potential to be used to develop a successful argument for the claim that the fetus has a right to life at conception (somehow in this maybe the best total work on the subject of abortion he missed both your logic and hypothetical objection - you should drop him a line and point it out to him)

    He argues that any Pro-Choicer who hopes to defeat Marquis’ argument must construct an
    argument that does all three of the following:

    1) It identifies an alternative property that accounts for the wrongness of killing
    infants, suicidal teenagers, temporarily comatose adults, and paradigm persons.

    2) It shows that the alternative property is preferable to Marquis’ property, especially
    in terms of offering an account that best explains the wrongness of killing.

    3) It shows that the fetus does not possess this alternative property (or that it doesn’t
    possess the property during the period of gestation in which the majority of
    abortions take place)

    He does this by delineating a line in the pregnancy at about the 25 week point where the fetus
    begins to have organized cortical brain activity. And his argument is establishing a different criteria for the ideal desire argument.

    and it goes something like this - a being must have at least some actual desires to be attributed any
    ideal desires.

    to me this is just a subtle change in the ideal desire argument that one must have a knowledge of the desire first.

    I don't find this objection sufficient - others might.

    And certainly others can do a better job of explaining it, my honesty only goes so far - but there is where to look if you want the best argument against FVOL.

    Last aside - I don't even think Boonin thought it was all that good an argument. And spends way more time and think comes closest supporting Judith Thomsons argument on the use of the woman's body.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    A fetus does not express desires and we can only speculate about what it might think about existing. It that is the nature of creating someone.Andrew4Handel

    So andrew there is the concept of "ideal desire" . It goes something like this. I am in an accident, and require life support. I am unconscious and unresponsive. They ask me if I desire life support - I say nothing, I am unable to express my desire because I am handicapped by the injury. The concept of ideal desire is what would i want if the handicap was removed. If I were able to express my desire, i would desire the life support to save my life.

    If you apply this concept to the fetus, who is handicapped by their stage of development, and ask if the fetus was not so handicapped would it desire to live. The answer would be yes.

    Now the counter back is, one must have knowledge of what one might desire before the handicap in order to desire it at all. The fetus having no knowledge of life or death yet does not, so ideal desire does not apply

    this argument is countered by, Lack of knowledge is just another handicap. If you take the first example, of me needing life support, and instead of me it is a aboriginal person who has know knowledge of such a thing as life support, Ideal desire would still apply if he could, he would desire it.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    Better said than I can:

    Scalia's partial concurrence in Planned Parenthood v. Casey, 1992:

    "The States may, if they wish, permit abortion on demand, but the Constitution does not require them to do so. The permissibility of abortion, and the limitations upon it, are to be resolved like most important questions in our democracy: by citizens trying to persuade one another and then voting. ...

    "Roe fanned into life an issue that has inflamed our national politics in general, and has obscured with its smoke the selection of Justices to this Court in particular, ever since. And by keeping us in the abortion umpiring business, it is the perpetuation of that disruption, rather than of any pax Roeana, that the Court's new majority decrees."

    Scalia's concurrence in Webster v. Reproductive Health Services, 1989:

    "We can now look forward to at least another Term with carts full of mail from the public, and streets full of demonstrators, urging us — their unelected and life-tenured judges who have been awarded those extraordinary, undemocratic characteristics precisely in order that we might follow the law despite the popular will — to follow the popular will. ...

    "It thus appears that the mansion of constitutionalized abortion law, constructed overnight in Roe v. Wade, must be disassembled doorjamb by doorjamb, and never entirely brought down, no matter how wrong it may be."
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    So here you are: Rank Amateur will now demonstrate the immorality of abortion.tim wood

    I have made (robbed) my arguments both for the the morality of abortion based on the nature of the fetus, and the use of the mothers body, and I have also addressed the legality of abortion. If a complete argument with premises and conclusions. Open to be objected to as un-true or unreasonable. If this is a rant - we could use more ranting on TPF.

    Every objection you have made to these arguments were either addressed in the argument itself that you missed, or it was an indirect statement about the nature of the argument that omitted in any specific way what premise was un-true or the conclusion was unreasonable.

    From my perspective I am disappointed in the amount of completely unsupported opinion I have received in rebuttal, considering your initial plea that we do philosophy on this thread.

    If there has actually been a direct response to any argument I have made - i have missed it. Nor have I seen any structured argument to refute it.

    We can all make judgement on what is moral or immoral - that is the basic definition of morality - the goodness or badness of an act as judged by others. That however does not make morality individual or completely relative.

    My take or Roe v Wade is, the case was more about states rights than it was about abortion. My views on it are almost completely in line with Justice Scalia's, his many comments on it that are easy to find. Basically it was an overreach by the court, for an issue the constitution says should be a states right to decide - i am more swayed by originalism interpretations of the constitution. And agree on this as well. Now it is important to note that even it Roe v Wade was overturned, which will not happen by the way, it would not make abortion illegal in the US - it would just return it to the states to decide. In such an instance it is almost a certainty that many states will vote to allow abortion. And as a citizen in a democracy I would have no objection to that. That IMO is the process working.

    What will happen now, with a more originalnist court, states will continue to push the abortion issue to limit funding or in any number of ways make it more difficult in their states. They will hope for someone with standing to challenge them, in order to get the issue of abortion being a state right or as it stands now and interpretation of the privacy clause of the 14th amendment.

    So my view on Roe v Wade, is it was an overreach by the court on the interpretation of the privacy clause of the 14th amendment and as such was a case of legislation from the bench. The issue of abortion should be an issue determined by the states, or if one feels that is specifically should not be, like slavery, than like slavery, they should amend the constitution.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    point to consider, other than euthanasia, which is briefly addressed, but not particularly problematic, I can not think of another example where we would need to defend the un justified taking of life due to the Future Value argument, can you?

    I would propose this more directly points to the unique set of criteria we devise to kill fetuses, than it does with some theist conspiracy.

    Also, if you have even skimmed by posts, you would see I believe in contraception, find abortion in case of rape, and significant health issues for the mother moral, and have overtly said it should not be defacto made illegal. My pope would not approve of my positions.

    I stand by for your next completely unsupported proclamation, on Banno's opinion forum.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    Tim not sure how much of my posts you have read, but in the last one I address legality. And acknowledge that even if abortion in many cases is immoral that does not automatically mean it should be illegal. Take a look. Moral and legal are different things.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    a soul, if such a thing is, is immaterial to my completely secular arguments.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    just occasionally it would be nice if you even make a feeble attempt at supporting one of your pronouncements
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    thanks I admittedly skimmed the article twice - and in general I applaud the CA approach as way of evaluating a quality of life in a nation. Now I understand this article is making a legal case, not a philosophic argument on morality. But like many on here the key determinate factors on extending this case to the woman's absolute autonomy over decisions on the use of her body hinge on 2 ideas, one is addressed, but not supported, and the other is unsaid.

    The first is the nature of the fetus: the article says :

    "Under the CA itself, it is plausible to make similar arguments about the standing of the
    fetus. A CA sees human beings with severe cognitive disabilities as full equals in human dignity.
    It also recognizes that dignity is not the private possession of the human species: each animal
    species possesses a type of dignity. And while the fetus does not possess a great deal in the way
    of agency, it does appear to have a stronger claim to agency than a person in a permanent
    vegetative condition (not a bearer of dignity, according to the CA), because it is at least
    potentially sentient and an agent. So it would seem inconsistent if the CA refused all moral status
    to the fetus."

    all good

    "And indeed the CA does recognize that the fetus possesses a type of human
    dignity—although its dependent and merely potential status means that its type of dignity is
    distinctive, and not directly commensurable with that of independent human beings."

    It is assumed, and for all I know legally correct, to assume due to potentiality or dependence one is due a lesser amount of human dignity. However the point is just made as a given and not supported. I would opine on here that as a matter of philosophy of ethics/morality it is far from a settled point that potentiality of dependence reduce the level of human dignity.


    Secondly, the article speaks to the effect of pregnancy on the woman and the effect on her ability to decide the nature of future life. It says:

    "A similar analysis also applies, under a CA, in circumstances where a woman claims that
    if she were denied access to an abortion, she would lose all meaningful chance to determine the
    future shape of her life.37 Not only would a woman in such circumstances lose the opportunity to
    exercise a central human capability—i.e., her capacity for practical reason. The possibility that
    this could occur, even where sex is fully protected, could also serve to discourage women more
    generally from forming the kind of intimate relationship, or seeking the kind of sexual pleasure,
    that is integral to the opportunity for a life worthy of full human dignity. "

    what is omitted in this is adult actions, freely taken have consequences. If these consequences are reasonably predictable as possible, the adult is responsible for them. Pregnancy is a predictable consequence of sex, even with contraception, and as such adults that engage in sex are responsible for the consequences.

    Again, the woman (or
    women) in this context also invoke(s) the same type of normative claim that is made on behalf of he fetus, but the asymmetry between a potential and an actual being suggests that, pre-viability, the woman’s claim should in general prevail.

    Again - they without support place the woman's claim above the fetus, as above based on potentiality and dependency.

    The entire argument is based on an unsupported assumption that the fetus is due lesser rights than the women. While this is a legal reality in most of the developed world, that does not make it moral or immoral it just makes it legal.
  • What is true
    he morning starTerrapin Station

    I get the reference
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    SO my question again: where do you get your idea that the fetus has rights?tim wood

    so Tim there is a logical order of these arguments and not taking them in order just adds confusion and lack of clarity to what is being discussed. Kind of like a Rudy Giuliani press conference.

    So here it is with my position on each point.
    1. Is abortion in all cases moral or immoral.
    a. The fetus is such a thing as has a right to life,
    b. The fetus is such a thing as to not have a right to life
    c. The fetus is such a thing in not all, but in nearly all cases as to have a right to life. WITH THE EXCEPTION OF SERVERLY HANDICAPED FETUS AS CAN BE DETERMINED - I FIND THE ARGUMENT OF FUTURE VALUE CONVINCING.

    if b, no other discussions needed - abortion argument is over
    if a, c

    2. Does the fetus have the right to the use of the mothers body
    a. No, for any reason whatsoever, the fetus has no claim on the use of
    the mothers body
    b. Yes the fetus does have a right to the woman's body
    c. Depended on some set of circumstances I AGREE, IN THE CASE OF RAPE(VERY VERY BROADLY DEFINED, LIFE OF, OR SERIOUS INJURY TO THE MOTHER THE FETUS HAS NO RIGHT TO THE USE OF THE WOMAN'S BODY, BUT IN MOST CASES THE WOMAN HAS GIVEN IMPLIED CONSENT TO THE USE OF HER BODY

    if a, no other discussion needed - abortion argument is over
    if b or c

    3. Abortion is immoral, should it be legal

    Legal and moral are second cousins as best. I will easily admit that even if one was to show the abortion was generally immoral, that does not generally mean it should be illegal. There are any number a lesser of evil arguments that can be made against the doing away with legal abortion.

    Not the least of which, in a democracy it could just be a preference.

    MY POSITION IS, ABORTION IN MOST CASES IS IMMORAL, AND THAT IS AN IMPORTANT POINT. I BELIEVE THAT SINCE ROW V WADE, THERE HAVE BEEN SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENTS IN CONTRACEPTION. I BELIEVE ABORTION DUE TO ITS IMMORALITY SHOULD BE A DIFFICULT ALTERNATIVE AND NOT VIEWED AS A METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION. BY MAKING ABORTION MORE DIFFICULT, IT WILL INCREASE THE NEED FOR AND THE DESIRE FOR BETTER USE OF CONTRACEPTION.

    IT WILL NEVER HAPPEN DIRECTLY, BUT IN EFFECT ROE V WADE SHOULD BE SUPPER CEDED AND THE DECISION TO ALLOW ABORTION BE RETURNED TO THE STATES. WHEN THIS HAPPENS - MANY STATES WILL AND SOME STATES WILL NOT. LEGAL ABORTIONS WILL BE AVAILABLE IN THE US BECAUSE IN MANY PLACES THAT IS THE WILL OF THE PEOPLE.

    HOPEFULLY IN SUCH A WORLD WITH HARDER ACCESS TO ABORTION, BOTH PUBLIC AND PRIVATE EFFORT WILL BE PUT INTO EDUCATION, AVAILABILITY , AND RESPONSIBLE USE OF CONTRACEPTION.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    A better example comes from your own post:
    ,that is the fetus does have a right to live, does it have a right to the use of the woman's body.
    — Rank Amateur
    Where do you get the idea the fetus has any rights? In Roe v. Wade it's argued that such have potential rights coincident with the rights they would actually have if and when born alive, but not until. That's the US Supreme Court, referring to practice "from time immemorial."
    tim wood

    here is the argument:

    The Violinist in the coma

    An argument and rebuttals on the fetus right to the use of the woman’s body – heavily borrowed from Dr. Judith Thomson

    P1
    Even granting, only for the sake of this argument, that the fetus is such a thing that it has a right to exist, this right does not mean that the woman, with rights of her own, has any obligation to supply the fetus with the use of her body.

    In defense of this proposition Dr. Thompson proposes the following though experiment.

    On the way home from the symphony last night, I was attacked. Hit over the head, had a bag placed over my head, dragged into a van an given a shot that rendered me un-conscience. I wake up some time later on a gurney, with a tube in my arm, taking my blood - putting it through some machine and then pumping it into another person on another gurney to my left. I look over and at once recognize him as the greatest violinist in the world.

    My captors, apologize, identify themselves and tell me they are the family and friends of the violinist. It seems he has a fatal condition, that they all thought was incurable. But found out through a fit of luck that there was an antibody only existent in my blood, that if he was given continually for a period of 9 months would completely cure him. Knowing that I was an aficionado, they assume I would be more than willing to stay here and allow the violinist the use of my blood for 9 month. Although there will be some discomfort, they will do all they can to make me as comfortable during the process as possible. They also state, that do to the unique nature of the situation , and me being the only person in the world who can save him, I have a moral obligation to stay connected to the violinist and save his life.

    I say while I do agree that the violinist is great, and while understanding the uniqueness of the situation. Me being in this situation was not an act of my free will. I made no judgment or made no act that says I should be in this condition - rip out the tube and leave.

    P1 – amended - Even granting, only for the sake of this argument, that the fetus is such a thing that it has a right to exist, this right does not mean that the woman, with rights of her own, has any obligation to supply the fetus with the use of her body when through no act of her own is placed in the situation where the fetus needs the use of her body

    Abortion in cases of rape is not immoral, and I agree

    P2 Even granting, only for the sake of this argument, that the fetus is such a thing that it has a right to exist, this right does not mean that the woman, with rights of her own, has any obligation to supply the fetus with the use of her body, even if she is at least in part agreed to the situation if it can cause her serious harm.
    Same though experiment as above – only. I wasn’t abducted. The family comes to me, tell the situation. I am an aficionado, I agree. We get attached to each other all is going well. Until at month 3 I start feeling bad. I am feeling weaker and weaker. Having trouble breathing. I ask the family what is going on, they apologize, say they didn’t know this could happen - but it turns out taking out your antibodies is hurting you. The doctors are unsure to what degree – maybe even will kill you, but it will definitely cause you some amount of harm, and that harm will be permanent.

    I rip out the tube and limp out of there to my doctor

    P2 is agreed - in the case of some degree permanent or prolonged harm to the mother abortion is morally permissible . It impossible to identify exactly for every instance what that is, so there is some element of judgment or reasonableness here.

    P3. Even granting, only for the sake of this argument, that the fetus is such a thing that it has a right to exist, this right does not mean that the woman, with rights of her own, has any obligation to supply the fetus with the use of her body. Even if freely entering into the situation – simply because she so desires.

    Same violinist, same situation. Except this time I promised the family I would see this through. I freely get connected to the violinist. It is going along just as described all is going well. Then at month 1, my best friend comes to visit. Great guy. And we both love the now Los Angeles Rams. He is holding 2 tickets to the super bowl, 50 yard line, 10 rows up. Passes to 3 parties super bowl week as well, Maxim, ESPN and Playboy. 2 suites for the week in Atlanta and first class, no make that a private jet, to and from. I told you he was a good friend.

    I rip out the tube and follow my friend out the door

    P3 is not agreed.

    My counter argument.

    P1.
    Adult human beings who knowingly and freely undertake some action, are responsible for the results of that action.

    P2.
    Entering into some action, with a known possible result, is an implied acceptance of the possibility of that result.

    P3
    Becoming pregnant is a known possible outcome of having sex. Properly using an effective method of birth control, can greatly and nearly eliminate this possibility - but it is a known possibility none the less.

    P4.
    As given for the sake of this argument, the fetus is such a thing as to have right to life. Pregnancy entails the dependency on the use of the mothers body to support such a thing with a right to life, and as above is a known possible outcome.

    Conclusion: Freely entered into, sex is an implied agreement to possible known outcomes of this action. A know possible outcome of sex is the dependence on another human beings life on the use of ones body. Since we are responsible for the known outcomes of our actions. There is implied consent for the use of the mothers body, and unless in the situations already agreed, abortion is immoral.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    A better example comes from your own post:
    ,that is the fetus does have a right to live, does it have a right to the use of the woman's body.
    — Rank Amateur
    Where do you get the idea the fetus has any rights? In Roe v. Wade it's argued that such have potential rights coincident with the rights they would actually have if and when born alive, but not until. That's the US Supreme Court, referring to practice "from time immemorial
    tim wood

    have not made that case yet, will do.

    Most briefly, it's a hypothetical argument. All of the important premises are granted uncritically. With such an argument you can prove anything you want to prove. It may not be immediately apparent how that can be. Suppose I wish to suppose the moon is made of green cheese. Let's accept as given, even prima facie, as Marquis says, that the moon is made of green cheese. Therefore the moon is made of... & etc. QED. And I hold the entire FOV argument to be a thing claimed and assumed, but in no way demonstrated or prove or even subjected to critical thought.tim wood

    Understanding your point, is the hypothetical you are assuming Dr Marquies makes is:

    a. we adult human beings do not have a future of value, as he defines as a the collection of future experiences etc etc etc

    if not a - b. are not in possession of that future - for some reason

    if none of the above can you cite the specific hypothetical you are referencing so I can address
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    In the argument he presented Rank Amateur posited that the reason for not killing a human was found in its future value, and hence by extension, the reason for not killing of a foetus was found in its future. I cited the capabilities approach in contrast to this. The worth of a person ought to be taken as read; they are to be treated as an ends, not as a means. We ought then act in ways that lead to actualisation of the capabilities of each person. What a person is, is found in those capabilities.Banno

    Mrs Banno in the wine cellar with a gun

    Last night Banno goes down into his cellar in search of a 2012 Screaming Eagle Cab to celebrate a particularly good day on TPF. When he get to the cellar he spots the bottle on the top shelf just out of his reach. Being an impatient sort, instead of getting the step stool, he places his foot on the bottom shelf and reaches up for the desired bottle. Sadly though, the entire rack comes crashing down on poor Banno, and he lays, conscienceless in pool of blood, wine and glass on the floor of the cellar.

    Mrs Banno hearing the crash, runs down to the cellar to find the aforementioned Banno. She kneels down and says Banno can you hear me ? Nothing back. Banno can you see me? Nothing back. Banno how much is 10 divided by 5? Nothing. Banno get up, move ? Still nothing. Banno do you know who you are ? And still nothing. At this moment in time poor Banno is just a lump of biological tissue lying motionless on the cellar floor.

    Now Mrs Banno, remembering Banno’s point about capabilities, and the inference that biology does not make a person, has an idea. You see although Mrs Banno freely married Banno a few years ago she regrets the decision. Banno just sits on the sofa with a lap top on TPF all day, living in the warm house and eating all the food, and drinking all the good wine that Mrs Banno provides. She wants out. However she shares Banno’s impatience and does not want to go through the process of a divorce. Does not want to wait, or heaven forbid change her mind. So she runs upstairs and gets the gun they keep in the hall closest in case in their future they may have needed against a possible attacker, and goes back to the cellar and shoots Banno in the head.

    3 month later

    Mrs Banno , acting as her own attorney, begins her closing argument. Ladies and gentlemen of the jury , I did not kill Banno, he was no longer present in that mass of biological tissue on the floor. I asked him question after question and got no response. So that was not Banno the human being there - it was not much more than just a large cyst, or organ. Banno himself was not a believer in potentiality, the fact that some time in the future he may have awoken has no bearing on the case at all. And Banno has no believe at all that he actually had a future, he lost nothing . Killing him in that state was no different than me cutting my nails, or cutting my hair.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    Rank Amateur's desire is to have the argument expressed in terms that suit him. Don't play along.

    How about you show where the propositions are false, or the conclusion does not follow, or the argument is incomplete and fallacious because .... and support your because.

    Make an argument specifically why your cyst does not have a right to its existence. So far I have only seen pronouncements stated as fact.

    Seems a pattern on TPF. If one makes an argument one doesn't like, dismiss it out of hand, and restate your own position.
    Banno
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    pardon my ignorance, can you explain the objection again so an idiot and rank amateur like myself can understand it. It is, and has been the most published pro life argument ever, has been around 30 years, and I have read many many objections to it, but have never seen that one.
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    — tim wood

    No, we can get there. But not from my argument. In the next argument,that is the fetus does have a right to live, does it have ar right to the use of the woman's body. Different argument, but yes at the end of that argument I would say life of the mother and after rape would be morally permissible
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    This seems an existence question: does there exist such a circumstance, such a reason? We might first ask what counts as "morally justified"? But there is a simple reason usually adduced: when the mother at risk. Done? Is that it?tim wood

    No, we can get there. But not from my argument. In the next argument,that is the fetus does have a right to live, does it have ar right to the use of the woman's body. Different argument, but yes at the end of that argument I would say life of the mother and after rape would be morally permissible
  • With luck, the last thread on abortion.
    This is in contrast to an approach that gives priority to the foetus, ignoring the role of the woman.Banno

    As I mentioned at the end of the argument it does not address the right of the fetus to the use of the woman's body, that is a different discussion.

    However before we discuss that, we need to understand what the fetus is. Because it impacts that discussion. It is a different argument if it is or is not something with a claim to life.

    Happy to have that claim.