In some sense, yes.
For example logical fallacies and cognitive biases. Errors in logic and thinking.
Then you have Aesop's fables and Panchatantra etc which are all about mistakes in judgment in every day living.
You can also look up "Life lessons" or proverbs, "words of wisdom", advices and tips, mottos, dictums, precepts, which are in most or many cases lessons learned from mistakes. Or, you follow those things to avoid mistakes.
Then, 'vices' can be thought of in a sense as character mistakes and 'neuroses' as errors in the psyche..
And then health or medicine can be thought of as the study/practice of avoiding or correcting health mistakes, isseus or 'disease'.
Anyway I am drawing out of the lines.
Technically the answer to your question is no, as far as I know.
But what I mentioned could be points or sources from/with which to investigate 'patterns of error'
Hmm, even methodologies could thought of as "mistake avoidance methods". As, we follow methods not only to get from point A to point B, but also in order to avoid errors along the way.
PS.
Don't know how much it relates, but I am big believer in 'via negativa'. Not only for describing God or the Tao or the ultimate truth (apophatic?) but also how to live well. The key to the good life is avoiding false beliefs and negative habits. Not adopting positive beliefs or habits. But, this could very well be a matter of temperament.
---Edit: On the other hand over focus on 'what not to do' could have the potential pitfall of becoming an “ironic process”, as in "Don't think of a pink elephant"
“ironic process theory,” whereby deliberate attempts to suppress certain thoughts actually make them more likely to surface.
There is a gigantic difference between not doing something and resisting doing something. Resisting is a type of doing. It is active.
There is also the unfortunate condition of being so error-phobic that one ends up doing nothing. That is where I am at now.
Atelophobia is an obsessive fear of imperfection. Someone with this condition is terrified of making mistakes. They tend to avoid any situation where they feel they won't succeed. Atelophobia can lead to anxiety, depression and low self-esteem.
The key to curing Atelophobia may be to not focus on what could go wrong...but without creating an ironic process.
:chin: