Probably none; this was stated by TMF, and the view appears to be held by Olivier5 (haven't caught up here; you've likely already met).What specific quotation or reference is given by anyone (other than a flagrantly errant poster) that p -> Kp? — TonesInDeepFreeze
Wrong battle. I already know your position; you're now proselytizing.In any case, — Olivier5
You're confusing "antirealist"/"realist" with "unrealistic"/"realistic"... the terms convey completely different things. A realist (in this particular sense) is someone who accepts the reality of something, usually external. An antirealist denies the reality of something. The "something" in this case is English sentences nobody has mentioned. You're objecting to an accurate term describing what you're doing, on the basis of the ill-conceived notion that it was commentary.↪InPitzotl
? — Olivier5
Antirealistic != unrealisticOn the contrary, it would be unrealistic — Olivier5
Because p -> Kp was stated.Why is
q -> Kq
being stated? — TonesInDeepFreeze
Apparently some people do. It's an antirealist position; the p doesn't exist until it's proposed, and it isn't true until you say it is, or some such thing.No one believes that as a generalization for all q. — TonesInDeepFreeze
p: <- the false proposition.Notice that in your example: q = ~p , you used q (~p is true) and not p (p is false). — TheMadFool
p is true here, right?p→Kp — TheMadFool
Which argument are you referring to?Yes, but for Olivier5's argument to work ¬p should be false. — TheMadFool
I think you mean that if p is a falsehood, and q = ¬p, then q is true. So you have a falsehood p, and a truth q. So if there's logic requiring q to be true, you can put your falsehood into p.If q = ¬p, q is true. — TheMadFool
I'm fine with that. Here, I've analyzed TMP's latest proofs, and don't have any particular issues with them, outside of the fact that they could probably be made a bit clearer by organizing it a little better.As I read the article in Stanford, Fitche's Paradox is using the word "truth" in the sense of a statement about the real world — EricH
Understood; the point of the program was just to test certain ideas about what a proposition is. It kind of had to be mathematical, because I wanted it in the post, this makes it short, and that would make it much easier to explain to someone who might not be familiar with programming if need be. I also felt it worthwhile to make the examples concrete rather than hypothetical.Put differently, Fitch is talking about apples and your program is doing math. So not even apples & oranges. — EricH
Sure. I'm perfectly happy with counterfactuals, and it suffices for me that "were I to read it, I would classify it as a proposition". I think I apply the same criteria to other things; "were I to see this animal, I would classify it as a fox" suffices for me to call the thing a fox; "were I to see this object, I would call it an ice cube" suffices for me to call it an ice cube, etc.But that aside, suppose your program were to write each line out to a file and then delete that file before generating the next line? Would you still consider your program to be generating propositions? — EricH
Lexical has another sense: "relating to or of the nature of a lexicon or dictionary". That's closer to what is meant. "Lexically" in this particular sense refers to "how" the strings are prior/successive to each other, i.e., in what sense they are; it's referring to a lexical ordering.As formulated, the statement is a bit unclear because "lexical" means "relating to words or the vocabulary of a language as distinguished from its grammar and construction". — Olivier5
It's slightly more precise to say "lexical", since that describes what the sorted function does with strings. "alphabetical" works because I'm limiting this to strings containing only capital letters and 8 characters, but then, so does "numerical" with your prior mapping given this description, which is why I didn't bother commenting on it then.Assuming you mean something like "comes in alphabetic order before", then the statement could be interpreted as a true proposition. — Olivier5
Not my concern. I'm not bound by your theories that propositions require a proposer, so I don't have to name one. If you can't find one, once again, that's a you problem, not a me problem. If you can figure out an answer, knock yourself out. If you can't, maybe consider giving that up. I don't require it; so I'm all good.So who is doing the proposing then? — Olivier5
No, Olivier5, we haven't been through "this", because "this" refers to what you just linked to. That "this" is a post where I pointed out your bolded "makes no sense to say that" criteria. Not only did I point that out in the reply you're pretending to reply to, but that was the entire point of the post you're pretending to reply to!We've been through this — Olivier5
None of these are in the form "it makes no sense to say that". What is the thing you're claiming it makes no sense to say? Without that thing, you're not even going over "this" in this reply.A proposition needs to be proposed as a true representation. Otherwise it is at best a sentence. You do all the proposing, your computer none. Your computer is merely your sockpuppet. — Olivier5
That's fine, and I have no problem with that per se, except that you did explicitly appeal to the "makes no sense to say" criteria (which you even bolded, FTR), and it's that which I'm demonstrating. If you can prove it does not genuinely make sense to say what I'm saying, that would be relevant. Otherwise, you cannot appeal to the "makes no sense to say" criteria to defend your own interpretation.That you interpret as such. I don't. — Olivier5
On October 1, 2021, I caused a computer to generate statements that are accurate representations of states of affairs. The computer generated those statements at 10:03:44pm on that day.Because a proposition is a statement that is proposed as a fair or accurate representation of some state of affairs. — Olivier5
You have the same problem classifying strings as sentences... either you don't know these words mean or you're special pleading.At best, your computer is writing a sentence, at worse it is spaying black dots on a screen, which you interpret as a proposition. — Olivier5
1. It "makes sense to say" that strings that fall into the class of strings I would interpret as propositions, are propositions.it makes no sense to say that a proposition no one knows about is true. — Olivier5
What do you mean by "then"? The hidden premise here is that in order for the computer to create a proposition, the computer needs to distinguish propositions from garbage. Why would you hold that premise?Then how can it make a proposition? — Olivier5
My computer hasn't the ability to distinguish a proposition from garbage.Your computer knows it... — Olivier5
We just finished this. Proposition 6 was a proposition on October 1, 2021, at 10:03:44pm. At that time, nobody knew what proposition 6 was. But at that time, I knew that it was a proposition. To know S is a proposition, it is not necessary to know S.If there was a proposition that was not known, what would make it a proposition? — Mww
Let q=¬p. Then ¬p→K¬p is simply q→Kq, which is the same as p→Kp (under a change in labels).¬p→K¬p — Olivier5
I'm confused. You're now saying my program understands things?This is your take. Mine is that they have. — Olivier5
Sure; I'm fine with that too, so long as we don't suppose proposers understand things.Well then, that thing is the proposer. — Olivier5
Of course. I programmed it to generate true propositions.That's only because you limit it to very simple arbitrary statements — Olivier5
Computers can do lots of things.So computers can sort letters alphabetically. — Olivier5
The point is to correct you, not to impress you.Big deal. — Olivier5
Not to be rude, but my voluntary role in this forum isn't to do tricks for your amusement; especially if you're going to ask for something so banally trivial it's pointless like a coding of a math equation or something complex like a 3d packing problem solver using irregular shapes.Try and have your Inspiron 3847 answer questions about real states of affairs, like elephants and castles for a change. — Olivier5
It doesn't lead me anywhere. I already knew all of this stuff. But it implies that a proposition does not need a "proposer". It also implies that a proposition does not need a "proposer" to be a true proposition. All a proposition needs to be created is to be some string that something creates.Not sure where that leads you. — Olivier5
Sure. But they're highly unlikely to do so. By contrast, the program that I wrote is certain to produce true propositions.Monkeys hitting randomly at a typewriter could produce English sentences too. — Olivier5
Sure.But we mean it, when we do so. — Olivier5
Mmmm... sort of.A mere recording or mechanical production of a sentence cannot invest meaning in that sentence. — Olivier5
Sure.And a sentence without meaning or intention is not a proposition. — Olivier5
But that still has nothing to do with whether propositions are true or false. Consider that we humans repeat things humans say all of the time, at the word and the phrase level; it has nothing to do with whether the thing we're saying is true or false. I'm sorry for you that it's your core argument, because this "argument by reusing parts" shtick is DOA.It's not. It's the core of my argument that by coding in this phrase "is lexically prior to", you created a pattern your computer would follow — Olivier5
It is unlikely that proposition 6 has been assigned a truth value in human history prior to 10:03:44pm on October 1.to compose sentences that have nothing new in them, — Olivier5
Proposition 6 is a statement about the relative ordering of the strings "QMCVNBOO", "SHXCBJYN", and "BJJZBYPU". The first time these three strings were lexically compared in human history is very likely on October 1, 10:03:44pm.These sentences are mere recordings, — Olivier5
That sounds like a you problem, not a me problem. I didn't say propositions need to be proposed by a proposer. You did.the sentences produced are not actually understood by the machine, and therefore it is hard to say they are proposed by the machine. — Olivier5
Sure. But out of the 10 propositions displayed by the program's output, 10 out of 10 of them permute the strings in the requisite 1 out of 6 ways for each statement to read as a true proposition, and 0 out of 10 of them permute the strings in the 5 out of 6 ways to read as a false proposition. I can be sure before running the program that this would be the case.Rather they are produced mechanically. — Olivier5
This must be some new meaning of "exactly like" that I have been previously unaware of. The way I read "exactly like", it means something like "like in all respects". Given there are six permutations of strings in the template I have, only one of which would formulate a true proposition; and there's only one form in your template; these two things clearly are not "exactly alike". The means by which the one permutation of substitutions applied to the template turns out to be the requisite one to form the true proposition is the call to Python's sorted method. But surely if you recognize that the program doesn't know what the proposition is, you should recognize that the program doesn't know it's sorting those strings.If my sister's doll was not saying "j'ai faim" but instead "This is a random noise" and would then make a random noise (as she was found to do), it would be exactly like your computer. — Olivier5
That is a red herring. No amount of waffling on about meaningful parts of phrases, including these particular ones, and whether those parts are "recordings" has anything to do with the fact that your sister's doll isn't hungry or the fact that "QMCVNBOO" is lexically prior to "SHXCBJYN".The argument of the recording doesn't hold either, because you did record the phrase "is lexically prior to" in your code, and it's the only meaningful part of the output sentences, just like for the doll... — Olivier5
A recording plays back something that happened in the past. Proposition 6 didn't "exist" in any form at all until 10:03:44pm October 1; unless we're appealing to some mathematical sense of existence in which it's a set of the possible set of strings of a certain length of something like that.So when my little sister's doll used to say "Maman" and "J'ai faim", it was not just playing a recording? — Olivier5
"QMCVNBOO" is lexically prior to "SHXCBJYN"; and likewise "QMCVNBOO" is lexically successive to "BJJZBYPU". But your sister's doll isn't hungry.It was actually stating the proposition: "I am hungry"? — Olivier5
Oooooh! What a great question! I think this naturally falls out of our agency. We use our senses to sense the world; as we do so, we create world models. We refer to these world models, in real time even, to "do things". But we also as part of this model "project" it as something independent from us and, well, it winds up that's a good theory of what the world is. I think something along these lines (at least for claims about the state of the external world) is what gives rise to intentionality.Are concepts and ideas and models any more harmlessly, less misleadingly identified as the referent of "water" than are phrases like "cool flowing substance"? — bongo fury
I still feel like you're playing catch up from your poor reading comprehension skills. You misunderstand even the basic nature of the problem. You keep trying to tell me what the machine isn't doing, as if it solves the problem before you. What you seem to have failed to grasp is that the fact that machine isn't doing things is the problem before you.What the machine does — Olivier5
You quoted, and therefore are allegedly objecting to, this:That's a stretch. Your machine-generated "sentences" would strike an odd chord in a natural conversation between people. — Olivier5
But proposition 6 (a) is grammatically correct, (b) is English, (c) is true."awww, what a cute little grammatically correct true English sentence!" — InPitzotl
...it makes sense to say exists (like the fox, before anyone sees it):The proposition needs to exist first. — Olivier5
...that is a proposition, and that is true. This is demonstrated by my ability to meaningfully say that this program generates only true propositions.within human experience, it makes no sense to say that a proposition no one knows about is true. — Olivier5
Ultimately that's correct, but the gaps are really in details.I was kinda hoping you'd realise you couldn't answer the question. In other words, you'd realise that you can't get a computer to understand things in the way we can. — Daemon
Sorry, I misspoke here... what I meant was that in the OP that was what you quoted. TMF did indeed write that, but he didn't explain what a referent was too well; the way he explained it, a referent could be interpreted as a phrase... so the proposal could be understood that your CAT tool might understand what "water" is if it mapped "water" to the phrase: "cool flowing substance that animals and plants need".TheMadFool wrote that, I was quoting him. I'm arguing against him. — Daemon
You were the one who asked me the question. You were also the one opening this thread with your OP, where you wrote this:I mean, come back to us when there's a camera that can see — Daemon
...and you were the one talking about CAT tools as if that had anything to do with referents.matching linguistic symbols (words, spoken or written) to their respective referents — TheMadFool
There was no paper. As mentioned, it was a 4K LG monitor. This actually happened; it was not a thought experiment.You did take what was a bunch of dots on paper — Olivier5
Yes, but more than that. I didn't just read gibberish and just say, you know what, let's call that a label, and attach this meaning to it. I read natural English sentences and interpreted their meaning as I would if Bob himself wrote it.and you did make a proposition out of it by assigning some meaning to it. — Olivier5
I do? Why then would I write this?:You think your machine proposed this proposition? — Olivier5
Proposition 6 was generated more or less around 10:03:44pm local time on this day October 1, 2021. But nobody proposed it at 10:03:44pm. In fact, nobody read it until it least 10:04:44pm. — InPitzotl
Yes. At 10:04:44pm.YOU, when you read the output, understands it a certain way, to mean a certain thing. — Olivier5
That's a funny use of the word "create". Incidentally, you also have funny uses of the word "author", "stated", and "phrased":You then create the proposition — Olivier5
I did not state proposition 6 at 10:04:44pm. I did not author proposition 6 at 10:04:44pm. I did not phrase proposition 6 at 10:04:44pm. Now, we need not actually interpret the things you say in this quote as being correct, such that we're forced to say the program stated, authored, or phrased proposition 6. You could just be wrong.Likewise, a statement does not exist before it is stated by some author or another. A phrase does not exist before being phrased. — Olivier5
It makes sense to say that if the program is run at 7:05:00am, it will generate true propositions that no one knows about until 7:06:00am. It makes sense to say this program will generate only true propositions, as opposed to false propositions, as opposed furthermore to all sorts of non-propositions including gibberish.within human experience, it makes no sense to say that a proposition no one knows about is true. — Olivier5
The point here is... well, phrased as a challenge, but really... to get Olivier5 to clarify some of his claims about when propositions exist, where they could possibly come from, and whether or not they really do need a "proposer".But maybe I'm not getting the point (happens on a regular basis) — EricH
Hmmm... time... okay:The seeming paradox is due to adopting a point of view that lays outside of the world of human experience, outside of time and space — Olivier5
from datetime import datetime import random import time random.seed() def make_string(): return ''.join((chr(65+random.randint(0,25)) for n in range(8))) def generate_samples(): return sorted([make_string() for n in range(3)]) def generate_proposition(): x, y, z = generate_samples() return f'"{y}" is lexically prior to "{z}" but successive to "{x}".' def generate_list(): return [generate_proposition() for n in range(10)] the_list = generate_list() print(f'The current time is {datetime.now()}.') time.sleep(60) # Wait one minute prior to exposure to any minds for i, n in enumerate(the_list, 1): print(f'{i}. {n}')
Who wrote proposition 6?Within the boundaries of human experience, a proposition is some statement that someone proposes, at some point in time. — Olivier5
Proposition 6 was generated more or less around 10:03:44pm local time on this day October 1, 2021. But nobody proposed it at 10:03:44pm. In fact, nobody read it until it least 10:04:44pm.Within the boundaries of human experience, a proposition is some statement that someone proposes, at some point in time. — Olivier5
Why not?it makes no sense to say that a proposition no one knows about is true. — Olivier5
Not sure what you mean by exist. There is some code that executed at 10:03:44pm. Is that when proposition 6 began to exist?The proposition needs to exist first. — Olivier5
At 10:03:44pm proposition 6 was an encoding of a true statement whose physical form was that of particular stable states of a set of bistable mechanisms. At 10:04:44pm the states began to modulate particular areas of a 4K LG monitor in such a way that a mind belonging to a native English speaker, for the first time, could read it.Or if you prefer, it could only exist in the mind of God. Or maybe some superpowerful alien... Not in a human mind. — Olivier5
I could tell that proposition 6 would be true prior to running the program. I can ask the question of whether proposition 6 would be true of a future run of the program right now. And yes, it will be.Once it is proposed, then and only then can the question of its truth be asked, and thus be put into existence, and only then, can the question be answered (or not). — Olivier5
I can sketch it out.Can you tell me how I could get all that stuff about the store shelf and banana bread into my translation memory? — Daemon
...the ability to see. Add to that some basic sapience. The general idea is that this should have the ability to interact with reality in real time on scales roughly approximating that of your typical language using naked apes. Some of this interaction would involve exploiting "seeing" (or other kinds of sensations) in the attainment of goal oriented behaviors analogous to how we "intentionally do things"; i.e., at roughly the same levels of abstractions as the "things we do" or, more to the point, at roughly the same levels of abstractions as the "things we talk about".A camera does not see. — Daemon