Comments

  • New Thread?
    It’s not a philosophical issue. Purely empirical. The composition of the atmosphere affects global climate. The only argument is not whether that is happening but what can be done about it.

    But then, this has already become another climate change thread. Probably should be merged.
  • The Musk Plutocracy
    What could possibly go wrong?
  • New Thread?
    I agree but it should be called for what it is, ‘denialism’. Scepticism is the withholding of judgement concerning what is not evident, whereas denialism is the refusal to acknowledge abundant evidence.
  • The Musk Plutocracy
    ‘Trump administration officials fired more than 300 staffers Thursday night at the National Nuclear Security Administration — the agency tasked with managing the nation’s nuclear stockpile — as part of broader Energy Department layoffs, according to four people with knowledge of the matter.’ :yikes:
  • Why is it that nature is perceived as 'true'?
    Underlining declarations doesn’t make them valid arguments.
  • Ontology of Time
    Because otherwise we would have no possible explanation of how the watch functions.JuanZu

    I don’t understand your reasoning. What you said was

    there must be an ontological continuity between the clock and those movements.JuanZu

    Why must there be ‘ontological continuity’ between the clock mechanism and the movement of the clock hands? ‘Because otherwise….’

    Finish that sentence ;-)
  • fdrake stepping down as a mod this weekend
    Wayfarer knows how I feel about idealism very well. We argued about it for years!fdrake

    Thems were the days….
  • Ontology of Time
    Bergson considers an oscillating pendulum, moving back and forth. At each moment, the pendulum occupies a different position in space, like the points on a line or the moving hands on a clockface. In the case of a clock, the current state – the current time – is what we call ‘now’. Each successive ‘now’ of the clock contains nothing of the past because each moment, each unit, is separate and distinct. But this is not how we experience time. Instead, we hold these separate moments together in our memory. We unify them. A physical clock measures a succession of moments, but only experiencing duration allows us to recognise these seemingly separate moments as a succession. Clocks don’t measure time; we do. — Aeon.co
  • Ontology of Time
    In memory….
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    For years, Trumpists falsely accused the DOJ of being politicized, to provide cover for Trump's criminal behavior. Now they're overtly politicizing itRelativist

    Never! Who would have thought?
  • Ontology of Time
    What I want you to understand is why the measuring device is necessaryJuanZu

    If understand that and did not say otherwise. I didn’t say anything about ‘collapse’ by which I presume you’re referring to so-called ‘wave function collapse’. My analysis of that is presented in an an offsite essay. You will see that I reject any idea of doing away with the observer.

    But there must be an ontological continuity between the clock and those movements.JuanZu

    Why? What dictates that necessity?
  • Ontology of Time
    The observer is subsumed in this interaction in such a way as to make that interaction physical. So the observer is our measuring machines, like a clock, which makes the coherent state of an isolated system disappear.JuanZu

    The observer is the engineer or builder who makes the clock and decides on the units of measurement. The interaction is between the object of measurement and the observer who takes the measurement. Were there no observer, there would be neither a clock, nor two systems that interact. It makes no sense to say that the observer is 'subsumed' by the mechanism, when the mechanism is the instrument made by the observer. And measurement is not just physical interaction, but an intentional act that requires an observer to define, interpret, and establish a measurement framework. Without an observer, a clock is just a set of moving parts—it is not measuring anything in any meaningful sense.

    By invoking "magic," you seem to be saying that the requirement for the observer somehow violates causality—perhaps that consciousness somehow directly affects physical systems. But this doesn't require consciousness to be a causal agent in that sense; it is simply that measurement, as a concept, only exists within an interpretative framework, and that framework is necessarily provided by observers. If no observer sets the terms of measurement, then the notion of measurement is meaningless —whatever object is being considered is simply undergoing change.

    Seems to me that your issue is that if measurement depends on mind, then it seems to entail that reality must somehow be "mental". That seems to be the core fear—that acknowledging the role of the observer seems to entail an idealist framework. Is that how you see it? Whereas, I see the attempt to depict the measurement as being something that takes place irrespective of any intentional act, arises from a fallacious division between 'material' and 'mental'.
  • Ontology of Time
    You can know stuff about the stuff about which nothing can be known?Banno

    Kant's introduced the concept of the “thing in itself” to refer to reality as it is independent of our experience of it and unstructured by our cognitive constitution. The concept was harshly criticized in his own time and has been lambasted by generations of critics since. A standard objection to the notion is that Kant has no business positing it given his insistence that we can only know what lies within the limits of possible experience. But a more sympathetic reading is to see the concept of the “thing in itself” as a sort of placeholder in Kant's system; it both marks the limits of what we can know and expresses a sense of mystery that cannot be dissolved, the sense of mystery that underlies our unanswerable questions. Through both of these functions it serves to keep us humble.
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    Vance says in an interview that America could put boots on the ground in Ukraine if Putin doesn’t negotiate in good faith. And also impose further sanctions. Now that is out of left field.

    https://www.cnn.com/2025/02/14/politics/jd-vance-us-troops-russia-ukraine-intl-hnk?cid=ios_app
  • Ontology of Time
    Again, how could you know this?Banno

    Deductively, from the nature of knowledge.
  • Ontology of Time
    If time only passes from a perspective, then clocks would be pointless. Clocks have a use becasue time also passes independently of perspectiveBanno

    But we all share a perspective! Time passes independently of a particular perspective, but it is common to all of us, because we live on a planet that rotates daily and orbits yearly. That is the same for everyone. But for a being from a world that rotates once a century and orbits every millenium, the human concept of time would be meaningless.

    The world is indeed independent of us, but to the extent that it is independent, it’s also unknowable. The mind-independent nature of the sensory domain is a methodological heuristic, not a metaphysical principle.

    In some possible world there are no minds.Banno

    on many planets, no doubt. But, absent mind, they are not worlds.
  • Ontology of Time
    The clock was built by an observer to make a measurement which both you and the maker of it will be able to understand. Your statements about the 'there anyway' rely on an implicit perspective. Though we know that prior to the evolution of life there must have been a Universe with no intelligent beings in it, or that there are empty rooms with no inhabitants, or objects unseen by any eye — the existence of all such supposedly unseen realities still relies on an implicit perspective. What their existence might be outside of any perspective is meaningless and unintelligible, as a matter of both fact and principle.
  • Ontology of Time
    We would not measure time because that accuracy is not given by our experience but by the clock mechanism. Hence it is the clock that measure.JuanZu

    I don’t agree. The clock is the instrument by which we measure, but the act of measurement is carried out by the measurer. As that passage I quoted says, ‘ A physical clock measures a succession of moments, but only experiencing duration allows us to recognise these seemingly separate moments as a succession’ - which is what measurement entails.
  • Ontology of Time
    We don't actually measure the time from the clock, the clock does the work automatically, we read that measurement.JuanZu

    See this post for a rebuttal. ‘ A physical clock measures a succession of moments, but only experiencing duration allows us to recognise these seemingly separate moments as a succession. Clocks don’t measure time; we do.’
  • Ontology of Time
    appeal to authorityBanno

    Citing sources in support of argument is perfectly legitimate.
  • Ontology of Time
    ‘Clocks don’t measure time. We do.’
  • Ontology of Time
    Are you aware of any form of consciousness that is not the attribute of an observer? Is it like something free-floating in the ether?

    You’re the master of the back-handed compliment, Banno.
  • Ontology of Time
    Well that’s cool. It’s said that 9/10 of the law is possession, I sometimes think 9/10 of philosophy is disagreement. (Although I will add, a great deal of what I say is also expressed in different ways in Continental philosophy.)
  • Ontology of Time
    What it is illustrating is the fact that science has had to start taking into account ‘the act of measurement’ instead of only ‘what is being measured’. And what does that mean? It blurs the boundary between objective and subjective. This is the basic issue. And it’s the same issue Rödl is writing about. He has Frege saying, well true propositions are just so, independently of what anyone thinks about them. But Rödl is saying, it’s senseless to talk of them being so, in the absence of one who says so. The whole point about ‘the observer issue’ in quantum physics is also like that. Einstein wants the world to be just as it is irrespective of what the observer does or measures. Penrose likewise. But Bohr et al says what shows up depends on the way you set up your apparatus. It undermines the posit of objectivity. That’s why it seems like ‘mysticism’ because it challenges the boundary between knower and known. I don’t want to trivialise that - it’s a profound and important point, it’s nothing trite nor obvious.
  • Ontology of Time
    Folks are never hesitant to appeal to the implications of science when it seems to support realism. But when anti-realism enters the picture, woo betide them. But, go back to wordplay if that’s what you think philosophy is.

    He is assuming time is relative rather than absolute. Notice he says: "The passage of time is not absolute"Metaphysician Undercover

    He’s saying in plain English, the passage of time always depends on there being a change in one physical system relative to another. Customarily, that involves measuring the change in one system relative to the observer’s system. The observer is intrinsic to that. That is all that is being said, but it’s significant.
  • The Musk Plutocracy
    How are they actually stopping the people responsible for disbursing the funds from disbursing them? Can you answer that?Janus

    They’re going into the actual offices where the metaphorical ‘cheques are being written’ and saying ‘stop writing that cheque.’ This is what all of the clamour is about. One of the heads of the Treasury resigned over it on the spot, rather than let what he saw as unqualified outsiders into these systems.

    The dismantling of U.S.A.I.D was a particularly pernicious example of that. 10,000 overseas workers were summarily locked out of their computer systems and told they were being recalled, practically overnight. Musk made a wisecrack about ‘staying up all night feeding U.S.A.I.D into the woodchipper’ instead of going to parties. These USAID services provide poverty relief, medical and related services in many situations of dire poverty and distress - like helping fit Ukrainian veterans with prosthetics and treating HIV/AIDS in Africa or distributing emergency food aid in Somalia. US foreign aid was a lifeline for hundreds of thousands of people. But Musk declared it a ‘criminal organisation’ and it was shut down practically overnight. These are all facts, which have been reported in the media. Do you think it is ‘hysterical’ to report on these facts, or to express abhorrence for what has taken place?

    It is indeed a time of crisis, but Trump is pouring gasoline on the flames. Don’t forget he was under indictment for crimes against the State when elected, and had he not been, faced the very real prospect of prison time. And that is not ‘being hysterical’, it is a statement of fact.

    And, sure, it’s already been said - cut foreign aid, dismantle the agency - that is what was voted for. That would normally be thrashed out in Congress, the passing of legislation, arguments from both sides. What is being objected to is not that, but rule by decree, carried out by an unelected representative, who just happens also to be the World’s Richest Man.
  • Ontology of Time
    It cannot be concluded that time does not exist without minds. It's an illegitimate leap.Banno

    It's already been demonstrated in this very thread, that there is a scientific argument for the indispensability of the observer in cosmological physics.

    The problem of including the observer in our description of physical reality arises most insistently when it comes to the subject of quantum cosmology - the application of quantum mechanics to the universe as a whole - because, by definition, 'the universe' must include any observers.

    Andrei Linde has given a deep reason for why observers enter into quantum cosmology in a fundamental way. It has to do with the nature of time. The passage of time is not absolute; it always involves a change of one physical system relative to another, for example, how many times the hands of the clock go around relative to the rotation of the Earth. When it comes to the Universe as a whole, time looses its meaning, for there is nothing else relative to which the universe may be said to change. This 'vanishing' of time for the entire universe becomes very explicit in quantum cosmology, where the time variable simply drops out of the quantum description. It may readily be restored by considering the Universe to be separated into two subsystems: an observer with a clock, and the rest of the Universe.

    So the observer plays an absolutely crucial role in this respect. Linde expresses it graphically: 'thus we see that without introducing an observer, we have a dead universe, which does not evolve in time', and, 'we are together, the Universe and us. The moment you say the Universe exists without any observers, I cannot make any sense out of that. I cannot imagine a consistent theory of everything that ignores consciousness...in the absence of observers, our universe is dead'.
    — Paul Davies, The Goldilocks Enigma: Why is the Universe Just Right for Life, p 271

    What do you think he means by that?
  • The Musk Plutocracy
    How could you know that?Janus

    Because they have been vetted by nobody. Musk and Trump will trot out these claims that U.S.A.I.D. is a 'criminal organisation' and roll their eyes about 'massive fraud and waste', and millions of the uninformed will believe it. But the funds they've frozen, and the programs they've cut, have already been approved by Congress. And Congress is the House of Representatives, they represent 'the people'. So people like you, uninformed and only interested in stirring the pot, will simply believe what you read, without actually reading much. Musk and Trump have no intrinsic right to act without congressional consent. That is why every one of his executive orders - every one! - is under challenge in the court system.
  • Ontology of Time
    That tells us nothing about time. Only about believing, doubting, and measuring.Banno

    Measuring is what is significant. Give us a dissertation on the nature of unmeasured time. That should clear things up for once and for all.
  • The Musk Plutocracy
    I don't know enough to know if the article is correctJanus

    The point about DOGE's activities is that NOBODY knows on what basis all of these wild claims about 'fraud and corruption' are being made. Musk is showing up in Government offices with a troupe of 20-25 y.o. computer engineers and SpaceX interns, many of whom have had no clearance and certainly no congressional vetting, and going through their accounts. And yet, calling attention to the extreme nature of this, and the obvious dangers it poses, is 'hysterical' or 'hate speech'.

    Here's Time Magazine being a tad hysterical:

    TIM250224-Musk-Cover-FINAL.jpg?quality=75&w=828
  • The Musk Plutocracy
    Is he actually flouting the law, the courts?Janus

    Legal challenges to Trump administration actions

    Every one of President Trump's most sweeping executive orders is now being challenged in court by multiple lawsuits.

    Trump never campained on immediately shuttering U.S.A.I.D. or freezing foreign aid, medical research expenditure, and many of the other actions he has taken. The normal way of going about those would be to introduce legislation to Congress, debate it, and then pass it and enact it. Trump has instead signed all of these into law by his so-called 'executive orders' which amounts to government by decree. There is no question that it is authoritarian in intent, with any dissent, either from Congress or the Courts, smeared by Trump's minions as 'thwarting the will of the people'.
  • Ontology of Time
    But time? It needs human mind to exist. Are we being extreme idealists here?Corvus

    Human minds? I would prefer 'the observer' or just 'mind'. To say 'human minds' is already in some basic way to objectify, to stand outside.

    Have another look at this post from five days ago - notice that I start that post by saying the OP is 'mistaken'. What I mean is, It's not that time doesn't *exist*. It exists, but we're mistaken about the nature of time - that is what is at issue, and it's a deep issue.
  • Why is it that nature is perceived as 'true'?
    If mankind is a part of nature, then no act of mankind within nature is open to judgement. However, if mankind is separate to nature, for what reason does mankind have a responsibility to nature, and if mankind does have a responsibility, then its relationship with nature may be open to judgement.RussellA

    You will recall the Biblical story of the Garden of Eden. In the story, the tree from which it is forbidden to eat is the ‘tree of the knowledge of good and evil’. Doesn’t that signify in mythological form the origin of man’s sense of separateness from nature? The Genesis myth of the ‘knowledge of good and evil’ can be understood as an allegory for the moment when humans become aware of themselves as separate beings—self-reflective, capable of judgment, and alienated from the purely instinctual existence of other creatures. In this sense, moral awareness is the marker of separation from nature, because nature itself (in the strict sense) does not operate in moral categories.

    Of course we understand, in a way that our Biblical forbears did not, the physical story of human evolution as it unfolded across millions of years. But it is not hard to imagine the gradual dawning of self-awareness and the sense of 'me and mine' - and, with it, intentional planning and activity - as developing in tandem with that. Stone tool use - the first manufactured artifacts we have records of - preceded the arrival of h.sapiens . With the advent of ownership, comes that sense of separateness which is deeply rooted in the human condition.

    If humans are part of nature, all actions (including moral judgments) are merely ‘natural’ and thus beyond value judgments. But the act of judgment itself—the ability to step back and reflect—is precisely what separates us from nature in a fundamental sense. If we were only ‘another force of nature,’ then deforestation, pollution, and even nuclear war could be seen just as expressions of natural causality. Yet, we experience them as ethical dilemmas precisely because we do not see ourselves as merely ‘forces of nature.’ Even the insurance industry recognises the distinction between acts of nature and those of humans.

    So to attempt to say that there is no difference between man and nature, or that human acts are simply natural acts, is really an attempt to dodge or hide from the reality of the human condition. That's what I was getting at when I said that the tendency to idolise nature and the environment in modern culture really amounts to a kind of faux religiosity. 'We have to get back to the Garden', sang Joni Mitchell. But the way is blocked by 'angels with flaming swords'.
  • Magnetism refutes Empiricism
    He was indeed an empiricist, as well as idealist. Hume was an empiricist, but I don't believe he was an idealist. Indeed Berkeley is often said to have made explicit what was implied by Hume, but which Hume himself never spelled out. Berkeley was subject of the recent thread I refute it thus!
  • Ontology of Time
    How would it flow? If time is a general concept which covers all the temporality in general, how would time flow without human mind perceiving, measuring, asking, and telling?Corvus

    That's what I mean.
  • Magnetism refutes Empiricism
    Question: Do magnetic phenomena refute the Empiricist claim that an ordinary object (such as a magnet) is nothing more than a bundle of perceptible qualities corresponding to the five human senses?Arcane Sandwich

    No, because instruments, such as magnets, extend the human senses.

    David Hume famously suggested that there is nothing more to an ordinary object, such as an apple, than what we can be perceive with our five senses. The apple is simply a bundle of qualities. It has colors, it makes a certain sound when I munch on it, it has a fragrant aroma, it has a sweet taste, and it feels solid to the touch. But there is no philosophical substance or res extensa underneath, so to speak, supporting those qualities.Arcane Sandwich

    That is much more Berkeley than Hume. True, Berkeley called himself empiricist, but I think that particular claim is more characteristic of Berkeley.

    What do you think of van Fraassen work? He's an Empiricist.Arcane Sandwich

    I'm familiar with him, but I don't *think* he would endorse the statement you're attributing to empiricists.
  • Why is it that nature is perceived as 'true'?
    Plato was addressing an intuition he had (I speculate, from Socrates) that humans approach things already and inevitably "clouded" by the concepts history has constructed.ENOAH

    Plato was many things, but post-modern was not one of them.

    Thanks I’ll look into that book. Have you run across Matt Segal? He’s written some interesting material about Schelling.
  • The Musk Plutocracy
    Having never gone through any kind of vetting or Congressional scrutiny let alone approval. With no published mandate or actual warrant. Deleting programs and withholding funds previously approved by Congress. Nothing remotely like it has ever been attempted.