Why can't the prisoner unshackle and free himself? — Shawn

Did you free yourself from your shackles? If so, how did you do it? If not, what seems to prevent you from unshackling yourself?

But to back up, is Plato's cave real--is it a valid metaphor of our world? Are people figuratively chained to the wall and capable of viewing only shaky flickering shadows on a wall?

The opposite is a very attractive -- that we know reality; that we are not stuck with flickering shadows of reality. Thinkers of the world, unite! You have nothing to lose but your chains and a world to gain!

Was Plato himself free of the cave? He may have had the insight that what he saw of flickering shadows was not reality, but did HE know reality? I suppose he thought he did. Forms schmormes.

Why is philosophy still associated with no inherent value, or even more practically, valued so little? — Shawn

Maybe because it's stuck in Plato's cave.

Look, Pig: It's up to you to decide for yourself. You have the wherewithal to declare what your values are, practice them, and defend them. If philosophy does anything, doesn't it enable you to think for yourself?

Maybe we should just burn philosophy's libraries. Smash its statuary; close down philosophy departments. Fire the faculty. Slam the door shut on 2500 years of rehashing stories like The Cave. Publish a notice in every newspaper, on every website -- hell, print it on the currency -- YOU ARE ON YOUR OWN. THINK FOR YOURSELF.

But all this is "body" (except "mind", but this is not the issue). Where is that "someone" involved in all this? — Alkis Piskas

The "someone" is a product of the whole body. I could say the "someone" is located in the brain, but the brain is an inseparable part of the whole. The functions of the brain are almost entirely non-conscious. One of the functions of the brain is the manufacture of a self, which isn't "located" anywhere in particular (as far as I know). There are many brain functions that are specifically located, but not this one (as far as we can tell). The self is an emergent entity, and the self is real. It's located in the brain, just like memory or proprioception or the senses. It's just that it isn't located in this or that lump of brain tissue.

Because we are "embodied beings" (existing only in flesh) our 'self' can't be located anywhere else.

If you have a body, then what are YOU? — Alkis Piskas

Someone who has a body. Like, everybody we know, including you.

Embodiment is not a trivial matter. Embodiment has very ancient roots, and there is continuity across time. Life on earth arose once; it didn't arise repeatedly after extinctions. Some creatures survived horrendous environmental conditions, and everything that is alive now (and embodied) are descendants of the survivors.

Complex animals with complex central nervous systems. Muscles, blood, skin, bones, brains, minds.

There is nothing "mere" about bodies. We are amazing systems.

Hospital overflow fears were driven by the unreliable death estimates made by Imperial College, whose model - according to Johan Giesecke (one of Sweden’s prior state epidemiologists) - did not take into account that hospital capacity could be increased, which happened in the UK. — AJJ

So, my perspective is the US, not the UK. Though I have heard plenty about the UK's situation on the BBC and from the Guardian.

I'm not so sure that hospital capacity can be increased ON SHORT NOTICE, in the UK, Sweden, or anywhere else. Yes, true enough, overflow wards can be, and were, opened across the US--especially for non-ICU patients. But space is only one part of the deal. Hospitals also have to be able to expand the number of staff able to provide ICU care, which involved procedures, practices, and knowledge that an orthopedic or OB-GYN nurse would not have. Further, the ratio of patients to staff in ICU is often 1:1. Scores of skilled ICU staff happen not to be waiting in cold storage, just needing to be warmed up and put on a shift.

Some local hospitals took over closed or under-utilized care facilities and turned them into full-time ICU buildings, in order to separate infectious patients from the main hospital population. However, they could do this ONLY if they had the staff resources necessary.

What Covid-19 revealed in the US, is that the health care industry is not all that resilient. It also revealed serious deficiencies in many state-level public health departments and public health infrastructure.

Good quotes.

“All brain divisions are present in all vertebrates. ” — Joshs

"Affect is not just necessary for wisdom; it’s also irrevocably wo­ven into the fabric of every decision.” — Joshs

Absolutely. When we talk about our brains we divide it up as if it were a computer with very discrete parts--memory chips, logic unit, emotional fire box, etc. That's one of the many problems of brain as computer. Emotion may cloud thinking, but without emotion, we probably wouldn't think a whole lot. People burn the midnight oil because they WANT to succeed (at whatever it is they are doing).

A seemingly irrelevant anecdote: a Lyft driver told me about a Thai restaurant where he had a cooked salmon head. He apparently liked it--cooked, seasoned, meaty. This included the salmon brain which he described as about the size of a large grape. I do not have a salmon brain handy to look at, but it seems reasonable that a fish with a complex life cycle might well need a good sized brain to succeed.

there hadn’t been any cogent demonstrations of the effectiveness of lockdowns — AJJ

At an earlier stage of the pandemic (before vaccines were ready) the primary purpose of lockdowns (at least as I understood them) was to reduce the number of cases, some of which would be severe enough to require hospitalization. This was critical because the capacity of hospital ICUs is always very limited--both in terms of staffing and facilities. Of necessity its a low volume specialty.

Lockdown = slowdown. The fewer people mixing, the fewer new cases. The fewer new cases, the fewer severe cases. With luck, fewer severe cases means everyone who needs ICU will get it. Lockdowns and mask-wearing when public contact couldn't be avoided, distancing, and hand-washing all helped.

True enough, no one knew what to expect. If one compares C-19 to the 1918-1919 influenza epidemic, clearly 1918-19 was worse--at least 675,000 dead out of a population of 105 million. We now have about the same number of US C-19 deaths, but the population is 3 times as large --330 million. While there have been around 4 1/2 million C-19 deaths in the world, in 1918-19 there were between 25 and 50 million deaths from influenza out of a population of less than 2 billion.

There were difficulties coping with influenza a century ago. People were not always cooperative; hospital over-flow wards were swamped, never mind the hospitals proper. Far fewer effective medications for anything were available--not even sulfa drugs. Public health services were anemic or missing in action in some states.

I'm just old enough to remember polio. I had influenza in 1969 and I was very sick. There was also a 1976 outbreak of hepatitis B (which made me intensely sick), and then AIDS came along. Older gay men have certainly not forgotten how bad AIDS was -- hundreds of cases in a very small community in the Midwest, thousands of cases in larger communities on the Coasts. Years of severe sickness and then death. Now, of course, AIDS is treatable (not curable).

So, it seems like Covid 19 hasn't been the worst thing that has come along, though plenty bad enough for those who had serious to severe cases.

Right, humans have difficulty maintaining intellectual effort while keeping their vigorous emotions under control. To assert that "almost no one can really think" is another sweeping generalization with a decidedly negative load. Are you sure your generalization doesn't include yourself?

The fact is that we do manage to think reasonably well most of the time. I do not like the kind of thinking that a lot of people do, but that doesn't take away from the fact of their thinking.

Don't leave out small pox -- the world was declared free of smallpox in 1980. "One of history's deadliest diseases, smallpox is estimated to have killed more than 300 million people since 1900 alone." The fatality rate for smallpox was about 33%. Those who survived were usually scarred, sometimes severely.

Polio is very close to being eradicated world wide.

Here we have two sweeping generalizations--one more useful than the other.

Stop thinking of yourself as a good person. You’re not. Hardly anyone is. — AJJ

From the Christian POV, what with original sin and all, NO ONE is free of sin--all capable of rot. Is this the POV to which you are hewing? I don't like the doctrine of original sin (it was cooked up to solve unnecessary theological problems). There is a common view that most people are, generally and basically good, unless and until they engage actively in bad systems--like fascism or capitalism.

This is simple psychology. To have ones fundamental view shifted is to lose ones bearing. — Yohan

This is an accurate statement: Shifting one's fundamental views can be very difficult when it is performed under one's own volition. When prosecuted by missionaries of various types, fundamental ideas are, for all practical purposes, damned near immovable.

Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers, Covid-19 deniers, et al have the specifics of their quirky views tied to deeper fundamentals. Those who found a home for all their various resentments in the person of Donald Trump can't change their views about vaccinations for the virus. Election fraud and disease hoax are welded together. Getting vaccinated is tantamount to accepting that there was no fraud in the 2020 election.

We can be rational, but so often are not. Why is that? Why narcissism? Why neuroticism? Free floating aggression? Etc.???

Our primate ancestors bequeathed to us both the physically bound emotions (the limbic system) and the capacity to think--about the physical, the abstract, the past, the future... The emotions are not reasonable, but they motivate reasoning. Abstract intellect is cool and dry, but it can cause pleasure when we realize we have solved the problem.

Of the two, the emotions usually have the upper hand. No thought is as powerful as a murderous rage (once ignited) or the prospect of sexual ecstasy (once erected). As the saying goes, a stiff dick has no morals and takes unreasonable risks. Hey, I've been there!

Later, rational reflection can parse the murderous rage, the ecstatic tryst; if rationality is good enough it will try very hard to make sure that those situations resulting in, for instance, murderous rage, are avoided.

Or the whole thing is a PR strategy and he's not a narcissist at all, he only plays one, as an actor. It's feasible to do so, because in our society, people tend to succomb to narcissists one way or another and narcissits can take advantage of that. — baker

Interesting insight, I think it is true that narcissism can be attractive, provided it comes in a reasonably attractive package. It doesn't always. We do like to believe in people who believe in themselves.

(But he stopped being so attractive once he opened his mouth and sounded exactly like every other teenager.) — baker

In other words, shut up when you are ahead in the game.

I met him about ten years later, I could hardly recognize him. The pale complexion turned reddish, his hair was already thinning, the lustre of his eyes was gone.

Alas, vanishing youth.

No. See, thinking takes place in West Cupcake, Iowa. It always has. West Cupcake is not on the map, so don't go there. What happens to mind, thought, ideas, etc. when a double barreled shotgun blast sends large slugs through a brain, is that the connection to West Cupcake is broken--like when satellite service is terminated by a meteor smashing the orbiting machine into smithereens.

West Cupcake is not a server farm--it doesn't house individual thinking. There is no such thing as individual thinking, All thought happens in one place alone, West Cupcake produces all thinking. It's THE thought provider.

How long has this been going on? Hmmm, let me check... ... ... ...

Ah, here: for 97,000 years, 9 hours, 43 minutes, and 7 seconds. Before that, there was no real thinking. It was just slack-jawed Neanderthals, Denikovians, and Homo sapiens muttering, groping, and doing stuff like they were in some kind of a fog. Let me tell you, it was QUITE A SHOCK when West Cupcake began operations that Monday morning.

I hope this clarifies things.

yes, it's strange. I have no idea what the artist was intending. I just tripped over the painting on Tumblr after reading your comment about that damn mirror.

Thank you!

TPF doesn't have to change (lower or raise) its standards. You, Jem, et al can/will continue your efforts. This isn't an elite Philosophy Department blog. It's a public forum, and as such there will always (a guess) be participants with varying levels of sophistication in writing and in philosophy. There is room for a pretty wide range--a big tent.

At this stage in my life, what I'm not good at now is likely to stay that way. Fine. Younger participants have time to improve. And, you know, you don't have to be good at every single area of philosophy, because it like history or literature covers a huge amount of territory. Its time runs from 500 b.c. to the present, over dozens of different categories. You will find some are just the ticket and others you won't be even remotely interested in. All normal. All OK.

Philosophy is not reserved for the "better educated". Neither is anything else taught to the "better educated" (within limits; I think quantum mechanical engineering might be reserved for the lucky or unlucky few. Same thing for Sanskrit and Babylonian studies).

Intelligent, "better-educated" people vary in their ability to spell and punctuate. I finally learned the difference between its and it's, and when to use semicolons as a middle-aged adult--and I was an English major. I just learned something new about correct spelling the other day -- now I'm 75.

My computer spellchecks on the fly. It adds novel errors of its own, of course.

I keep seeing adds for Grammerly on YouTube; maybe that would help. Or not.

here's the trick: Read carefully; decide what you think about a post. Write in clear, shorter-rather-than-longer sentences. Use words that are familiar to you. (I rarely if ever use the words 'metaphysical' and 'ontological' because I'm still not sure what they mean.). Before you post comments, proof read them, looking for obvious mistakes or ridiculous corrections by Spell Check.

Welcome to philosophy forum. Pick a thread that doesn't look too hairy. Here, about "Is Climatology Science?"

That is a legitimate philosophical question. give it a try. Or try something else.

More damned mirrors



Viktor Safonkin, The Mirror Drinker, 2020

So, Narcissus is locked into an external image (his reflection) rather than self? Echo is at least obsessed by the man and not the reflection of the man.

Your interpretation is a plausible explication of the psychological disorder of narcissism. The narcissist is less involved with his actual self than with his projected self -- the "image self' the real self thinks he or she is.

So Donald Trump, seriously put forward as an example of narcissism, is less infatuated the "real" DT and more infatuated with the DT he imagines himself to be. Egotists, who always put themselves first, may be more realistic about themselves than the narcissist.

A varying amount of narcissism seems like a normal component of personality (because nobody is perfect, save me and thee, and even thee is a bit crazy). Just speaking for myself... objectively I know that my long-term performance on earth has been in the middling range -- sometimes in the basement. Only once in a while have I peaked out in the higher ranges of performance, and then briefly. The image I like to see in the mirror, however, is more accomplished, suave, sophisticated, less of a clod. I have learned that most other people don't buy the suave sophisticate version, so I pretty much restrict it to private viewing.

All this is probably another feature of the normal personality, neuroticism is OK (but only in SMALL doses). The five features are: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience. Neuroticism affects emotional stability.

The terrible symmetry of the story of Narcissus is that he becomes one of the spectators he hates. — Valentinus

Could you expand on that a bit. From which part of which version of the myth did you find this idea?

Oh, it might not be odd. Professionally educated people, like Freud and his fellow researchers in the late 19th century, had a lot more familiarity with classical literature than we usually do. That they might tag a pattern with a classical character who exhibited some of the pattern's features would not be surprising. So, Oedipus, for example. Or guys with a Napoleon Complex (short ambitious).

I wasn't myself granted such irresistible beauty that people were swooning at my feet. I'd find it tedious, pretty quickly.

But Narcissus was sooo beautiful, people could not resist him--even if he'd just as soon they go bother somebody else. Maybe such people are born for real who are irresistibly beautiful and who do not need the help of agents and PR to attract admirers. I think these characters are more fictional vehicles than real.

Hmmm. I've never thought of masturbation as a problem. The situation I was thinking of was a Roman Catholic college counselor who was concerned that some students were jacking off 6 or 7 times a day. How did he know that? That's only once every 2 or 3 hours. That leaves plenty of time between each round to read, take notes, go to class, sleep, eat, say a Hail Mary or two, and so on. Do Roman Catholics think that lost sperm is as bad as abortion? Maybe that was the problem.

So, the story of Narcissus is a bit larger than this dope looking into a stream and falling in love with his reflection. The story of Narcissus is by the Roman, Ovid, in his epic The Metamorphosis. It's a pretty good story. Narcissus's is just one of several characters and plot lines.

There are two characters: Echo and Narcissus. Echo has been punished for some offense by being reduced to repeating the last few words she hears -- an echo. Echo's situation has been used as a medical term, too -- echolalia, where autistic children repeat whatever they hear. Some adults have this problem too -- Trump says something, and Republican dip shits keep repeating it.

Narcissus was out hunting with the boys. He apparently wasn't paying attention, or they deliberately slipped away. Meanwhile, Echo sees Narcissus and is stricken with love (or lust, or both) and wants to call out to him -- but she can't. Remember the curse on her? Fairly quickly it happens that Echo is able to come out of the bushes, and approach Narcissus. He's not pleased or interested. He's so uninterested that he tells her he hopes to die before he allows her to enjoy his (manly delicious) body.

Despite the harshness of his rejection, Echo's love for Narcissus only grows. What a nuisance! When Narcissus died, wasting away before his own reflection, consumed by a love that could not be, Echo mourned over his body. When Narcissus, looking one last time into the pool uttered, "Oh marvellous boy, I loved you in vain, farewell", Echo too chorused, "Farewell."
Eventually, Echo, too, began to waste away. Her beauty faded, her skin shrivelled, and her bones turned to stone. Today, all that remains of Echo is the sound of her voice.

So... what is it with Narcissus?

Maybe he is some sort of homosexual? [The sort of egalitarian relationships between men and women that are more common in the modern west were absent in Rome and Greece. To a large extent, "men composed society". The Greeks and Romans had attitudes toward sexuality that were somewhat different than ours.] A guy falling in love with the image of a male, his own or somebody else, seems kind of 'gay' to me. He's not at all aroused by the presumably beautiful Echo -- another gay feature. Gay guys usually are not excited by women. A lot of gay men tend to be attracted to men who generally look like themselves. People tend to eventually look like their dogs, too, but that's a different process.

Gay or straight, Narcissus is a sick boy. A sexual deviation that some young men (men in particular) experience is the self-involvement of excessive solitary masturbation. They apparently have a lot more than the average amount of tension to resolve--sexual or academic or something else. The main feature of narcissism is very excessive self-involvement, to the point of isolation. Perhaps it's a defense mechanism (escape from reality). Narcissists are not usually what one would call realistic about their own importance. (For many famous narcissistic people, realism would be the kiss of death). Donald Trump, again. He would likely find an objective appraisal of his talents and accomplishments devastating.

There are gay narcissists, though most of the raging narcissists I have observed have (presumably) been heterosexual.

Perhaps the early death rattle of the republic. The court is packed, the Senate unresponsive to the majority, and a temporary allocation of power to those who see the end written on the wall. The only avenues left are delay, procedural frustration, rallying the base, and driving the opposition to non-participation (due to hopelessness, numbness, or short attention span). — Ennui Elucidator

It's not the death rattle of the Republic. Progressive policy and practice (in the US and everywhere else) is generally an uphill battle, with only a chance that Virtue will be victorious in the next election.

We without long memory (having not read much history) see current problems as exceptions. What look like exceptions may be rules. That our economic system (capitalism) is based on exploitation in order to maximize profit or stockholders, is a rule that produced a lot of suffering, and has been doing this since before the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock. Women won universal suffrage only 100 years ago, after a 72 year struggle (1849 to 1920). Blacks were emancipated in 1863, but were legally suppressed for another century, and even then they did not gain real equality. They still haven't.

Most people are working class, but the quality of life for working class people, men and women, has never been great -- workers have rarely had enough power to gain good wages, decent working conditions, and ancillary benefits for working families. The American founders owned slaves, true enough, but they also considered "poor working white people" as white trash. That attitude has prevailed since Plymouth Rock.

So, in every generation we see things that make us think of Republic Death Rattles. What looks like the 'end times' ("it can't get any worse than this!") is just business as usual. Look, the Republic doesn't exist to serve you. Be grateful for crumbs, but the Republic is built around providing the ways and means for the wealthy. Its health is robust.

What to do about it? A revolution, like as not.

The Supremes and the New Texas Abortion Law

How is changing culture "nuking" them? — Apollodorus

Well, they'd be dead, mostly -- a major change.

Basically, the pigs are allowed to roam around in oak forests and feed naturally on acorns, chestnuts, etc. — Apollodorus

Jamon iberico does sound superb. But most of us have to put up with less delicious mass-produced and overly wet ham. What is the etymology of "Jamon"? "Ham" comes from Old English, meaning back of the knee, or thigh.

We did that in Germany after WW2, — Apollodorus

Germany was/is an archetypically western culture. Their Fascist episode was within the outer limits of the western tradition. Once thoroughly defeated by the Allies in 1945, the Germans returned to their normal national behavior.

we need to sort out Pakistan, Iran, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, etc. — Apollodorus

Maybe just nuke the lot of them?

our opinions don't matter because we have no will to surgically alter their culture. — frank

If we are serious about "liberating women from Islam" then we need to sort out Pakistan, Iran, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, etc. by enforcing a new religion or ideology.

But we are not doing that. If anything, we are trying to do it piecemeal and that allows for pockets of resistance leading to a backlash. — Apollodorus

And I think that's what China will do eventually. Islam will be gone as anything but a museum piece. — frank

Correct. Islam has fanaticism, China has the intelligence, and the West has (nearly) given up. — Apollodorus

This is, bluntly speaking, crazy talk. AS IF we could surgically alter their culture. AS IF we could enforce a new religion or ideology. I would much prefer that right-wing fundamentalist Islam to
disappear, along with all other right-wing fundamentalist religious practice. But...

Crushing foundational religion in our own society, let alone in Afghanistan, would require a super-commitment, total control, a couple of centuries at least, and more money than there is. Further, we would have to be an authoritarian dictatorship like China to pull this off. Or, better, the intervention of enlightened aliens like in Arthur C. Clark's Childhood's End.

I worry about the boys, girls and women. — James Riley

Right, torturing children is very very bad, but what makes men a more tolerable victim of The Taliban and Islamic State than women?

I told Prishon that I thought he had posted a lot in only 9 days, and that quantity usually cuts into quality. That said, he wasn't a disruptive presence.

There have been bannings that made a lot more sense than this one.

has anyone, conceived of nonexistence/death? — TheMadFool

We have no need to worry about our non-existence, because the personified process of dying and death takes care of everything for us. It's a free service, though various agencies try to collect as much as possible before The End, when we cease forever to produce revenue.

Granted, at times death seems to provide moderately interesting subject matter, but it's always a dead end, so to speak.

As Emily wrote

Because I could not stop for Death –
He kindly stopped for me –

Emily was sure that the horses pulling the carriage in which she and Death rode were headed for eternity. Paradise? Well, she didn't say that, and she could have if she had wanted to. However, Immortality was a third passenger. I don't expect immortality to be in my carriage ride with Death. You can think so if you want -- it won't make any difference, either way, Just my opinion.

“Do you think I’m prettier than her?” — Nicholas Mihaila

"What is ethical" isn't always obvious.

An objective evaluation of appearance is not being sought here. What is being requested is validation. The questioner wants to hear that she is an attractive person. Is there some reason you can not validate this person by saying "yes"?

The SS officer asking you about Jews hiding nearby is a clearcut ethical conflict between a simplistic, rigid rule (always tell the truth) and a higher requirement that one protect the innocent or that one preserve life.

Sort your ethical priorities in descending order, from what is the most important ethical consideration; to what ethical considerations are of middling importance, and which ethical considerations are least important. What can you live with, and what can you not?

The key ethical consideration should help you determine the course of action for lesser ethical considerations. So, what is your top ethical consideration?

Maybe so.

Over the last 400,000 years, we can assume that humans lived in some fairly difficult conditions, and those that were not dying in agony probably liked their lives well enough. That's true right now. Not dying in agony? Hey, it's time to party! So sure, no doubt there will be people on the Arctic Riviera who will think life is happiness indeed.

I've always assumed that humans, along with some other animals, insects, plants, fungi, bacteria, and viruses would make it through the thermo-culling event. And they will likely breed their way back to the global nuisance we have become to ourselves.

If things go badly, billions will not survive. The Arctic Rivera, Tierra del Fuego resort and casino, and the settlements on various mountains here and there, won't offer refuge for all that many people. So... exit stage left, right, front, and back.

Let me beat this probably dead horse a little longer.

At the rate the planet is warming, there probably won't be enough time left to implement much of the electrification plan. Having warmed up, it will take a very long time for the oceans to cool back down. Having warmed up, it will take an ice age to refreeze the tundra (which is busy leaking methane).

The kind of life-way that will result from global warming -- a life-way we are definitely going to find very unsatisfactory -- is not being planned for as a likelihood--nowhere, really, not just in the US. The key piece of an appropriate long-range planning process is the steady, continuous, and permanent rollback of consumption to 1880 -1900 levels and content.

Such a 120-140 year roll-back would be no sort of dark ages. People used to not consume as much non-food stuff as they have, ever since the 1920s. Less clothing, less household furnishing, less heating, less cooling, no cars, no planes. People walked, used public transit, or bicycled. Few people owned horses to just to ride around on. For longer trips, inter-city trolleys and trains were used.

Houses built for the working classes did not have huge walk-in closets and 8 drawer dressers, shoe racks, and so on for clothing. Even up to the 1950s many people bathed once or twice a week (not twice a day as some do now).

As long as we continue to expect increases in GDP every year and a "rising standard of living" whatever that means, no significant slowing or reduction in greenhouse gases is going to happen.

To hell with these political leaders and these corporations. — Xtrix

Fine by me. The efforts of "these political leaders and these corporations" has been directed for many decades toward neutralizing the masses as a political force capable of pursuing their own interests.

That is why the best they can come up with for plans to save the planet is to convert 1 billion internal combustion engines to 1 billion electric motors -- overlooking the massive carbon output that will require.

Under capitalism, planning must be directed toward sustaining capitalism as the dominant paradigm.

Why? — Xtrix

Without 100% electricity sourced from wind, solar, nuclear, and hydro, electric vehicles is business as usual.

There are about a billion cars on the world's roads. If we were serious about global warming, we would not be devising plans to replace 1 billion internal combustion autos with electric ones. Aside from the energy to power these vehicles, there is an extraordinarily large energy requirement to recycle 1b old and manufacture 1 billion new vehicles. We do not have a global electric grid free of CO2 and methane emissions to power a billion cars (and more trucks, trains, planes, etc.)

We require transportation, BUT the choice is clear: either cars for all and failure at controlling global warming, or greatly reduced resource consumption and possible success at controlling rising CO2 levels (plus methane, etc.) and steady heating.

The existing global economic model is flat out unsustainable. We are failing at limiting global warming, which isn't just an inconvenience, it will eventually be an existential threat.

That's why.

The important issue isn't whether planning is centralized or scattered, it is whether planning for the short, medium, and long run is underway. In many cases, it appears to be quite inadequate. it isn't just national governments that too often fail at this: Corporations, individuals, small farmers, professionals, small tradesmen--all sorts.

Just one small example: A developer wants to build 50 houses. The local city/county wants the tax revenue. How does it happen that the developer, local government, and others do not notice that the land for these 50 houses is a flood plain? Building houses on flood. plains isn't planning -- it's gambling. People, insurance companies, taxpayers -- all sorts -- are losing this gamble too often.

Smart companies build sufficient warehouse capacity BEFORE they build out their wholesale or retail operation. Manufacturers build sufficient factory capacity before they attempt to go into new markets.

Amazon seems to do reasonably good medium range planning (2 decades out), which has enabled them to keep up with booming demand for home delivery. Target, surprisingly, seems to have had problems with its supply chain for several years. Bad planning, maybe.

I don't think switching to electric autos (140 million of them in the us alone) is a good idea, but at least there is talk of building out a coast-to-coast charging system, which will certainly be needed when we roll out more of the electric fleet.

On the other hand, there are all sorts of problems with building out a non-fossil fuel electric grid, and I don't see a lot of planning for that taking place. Mostly there seems to be a lot of dithering. But long range dithering doesn't count as long range planning.

:up:

Once we figured out how to do it, we couldn't stop.

Do you know how many people lived on Earth back then? 10 000 years ago or so? — Prishon

There were not many humans "back then", depending on which "back then" you are thinking of. Generally speaking, the Paleolithic populations of humans were very small.

Estimates are very rough. But my understanding is that for most of the Paleolithic Period total human populations were very small. During the "population bottleneck" around 70,000 years ago, the total population of humans was reduced to maybe 10,000 to 30,000. Something happened (the Tuba Volcano cold snap, maybe) that killed off a lot of people. We are all descendants of the people surviving that event.

After the climate recovered, total human populations would still have remained small -- under a million at any one time. Why not more people, faster population growth? Hunter-gatherers were not able to reproduce abundantly. Their lifestyle did not allow for rapid reproduction; breast-feeding, for instance, slows down reproduction and at this time children were probably breast fed for several years. They were very mobile. Everyone expended a lot of energy providing food, warmth, and shelter.

One estimate is that during warm Paleolithic intervals between ice ages, the population of inhabitatal Europe might have been only 1 person per square mile--a pretty thin population.

Sometime after 10,000 years ago (like... 8,000 years ago) population started to grow more rapidly. Try this article.