• Are War Crimes Ever Justified?
    And it is also difficult to do.Sir2u

    I was just thinking of history books. Extreme examples could be: the Holocaust was unjust offense, the imprisonment of Jeffrey Dahmer was just defense.
  • Ukraine Crisis
    , peace, more accommodating than the original, protection of people (was raised by the Kremlin), would show bona fide interest rather than neo-colonialist/imperialist/irredentist land grabbery, ease up on unpopular conscriptions, cut down on the destruction and killing, in the general interest of affected citizens, would work against European/whatever rearmament, independent Donbas is reportedly the sort of thing older Donbas folks occasionally dream of anyway, a step towards (re)building international trust, ... There could be further revision, e.g. non-alignment (was raised by the Kremlin), fresh Kharkiv Pact, ... Doable? Kyiv would have to make concessions. Too much peace-mongering? :)
  • Ukraine Crisis
    A suggested revision of Ukraine's Peace Formula:

    5. Donbas and Crimea to become free transparent independent democracies, under UN supervision (Europol might take a role) until such a time that their developments are deemed sufficiently safe free independent recovered (with borders) for the UN to take leave

    7. Investigation of all alleged war crimes, and prosecution where found (e.g. ICJ, ICC)

    Seems reasonable enough, as well as technically possible. Or something along those lines. The UN is large enough to handle the load. I'm guessing Kyiv would consider and the Kremlin would deny (pure conjectures on my part). But this could well mean bona fide peace.

    Could it be done?
  • Are War Crimes Ever Justified?
    , well, it's trivial to find examples of unjust offense and just defense.

    Anyway, I was trying to convey differentiating offense and defense, as opposed to war without further nuance. Seemed a bit like you were doing the same.
  • Are War Crimes Ever Justified?
    The moral case is clear, "we are all people" and those lives are all equal. That's why the just war tradition sets out to find objective criteria and random squiggly lines on a map ain't it.Benkei
    The "We are all people" concept does need to be accepted by both parties in a conflict if it is to be acted upon. If only one side plays by those rules, they will be the ones to suffer because the other party will use it to their own advantage.Sir2u

    So, something is missing here.

    Is there such a thing as a just offense, and such a thing as a just defense?
    Heck, while at it anyway, what about an unjust offense, and an unjust defense?
    Isn't violent conflict typically chains of offense/defense (except the best defense is a good offense)?

    Human rights movements and prisons say unjust offense and just defense, seems like a no-brainer, with the offense/defense nuance.
  • Ukraine Crisis
    FYI, published a year ago, has takeaways:

    Kennan Cable No. 82: Putin’s Home War: Imperialism vs. Economy
    — Marsha McGraw Olive · Wilson Center · May 2023 · 9 pages (pdf)

    Short article with some historical background:

    Why the USSR Collapsed Economically
    — Matthew Johnston, Michael J Boyle, Katrina Munichiello · Investopedia · Jun 24, 2021

    Might be of interest to some.
  • Are War Crimes Ever Justified?
    To any sane person homicide is :sad:.

    But as a last resort, it might be rightfully be labeled a tragedy.
    Tzeentch

    Hmm Can't quite figure out if that's a :down: or a don't know or a :up:
    Leaning towards reading your comments as a :up: which is the most common anyway
    Is my interpretation way off...?

    In my old Dojo, we were taught: trouble → run. :up:
  • Are War Crimes Ever Justified?
    , so, homicide to defend your loved ones is :up: then?
  • Are War Crimes Ever Justified?
    :ok:Tzeentch

    How far does this go I wonder...

    How about yourself, would you choose death before homicidal self-defense? (due to immorality of homicide)

    If they come for your loved ones, would you also be (or run) elsewhere? (after all, there might be killing involved)

    In short, are there boundaries? Would homicide (or whatever-cide) ever be OK?
  • Ukraine Crisis
    , critique or (supposed) prophecy? Should such a time come, "hungry nice fascist/authoritarian powerhouses" would appreciate similar sentiments toward an effective European defense. And they'll help them along too. Divide and conquer has worked well enough. Maybe ask the Baltics Finns Swedes Moldovans Ukrainians about (the ehevil) NATO. (I'd repeat other things, but, anyway, nevermind.)


    Small group of pre-war buddies, now paratroopers, with journalists, enter a battle zone. Metal in the air. 14 hours documented in 26 minutes. It's about sending the invaders packing, and that's it. Started with the Kremlin's ownership/entitlement attitudes and "vision". Probably not what you want in your neighborhood.
    Surrounded by the Russians. UA Paratroopers & United24 Journalists under RU Assault. Kayfariki & BSDG (— UNITED24 · May 4, 2024 · 26m:48s)

    I'm a bit surprised how little anti-drone weaponry has been developed. Maybe a drone-capturing drone? Not trivial, but much tech is available.


    red linesTzeentch

    Ukraine has its own "red lines" otherwise known as borders. So does Belgium, Finland, Japan and others.
  • Ukraine Crisis
    Combined with the swift deteroriation of democratic principles in almost every Western democracy and we'll have a nice fascist alliance in a few decades.Benkei

    Incidentally, who do you think is eagerly trying to help that along? :D Thus sort of making full circle, well, in part at least?

    Virtual Hatred: How Russia Tried to Start a Race War in the United States (— William J Aceves · California Western School of Law · 2019)
    The Corruption of the American Mind: How Foreign Funding in U.S. Higher Education by Authoritarian Regimes, Widely Undisclosed, Predicts Erosion of Democratic Norms and Antisemitic Incidents on Campus (— NCRI · Nov 6, 2023 · 53 pages)
    Vladimir Putin’s plan to ‘tear the US apart’ during 2024 election exposed (— Charlie Bradley · Express · Dec 23, 2023)
    Russia’s War on Woke (— Mikhail Zygar · Foreign Affairs · Jan 2, 2024)
    Doppelganger operation (— EU DisinfoLab · Feb 2, 2024)
    President Grills Ivanishvili and GD in Final Address to Parliament, Offers to Mediate United Opposition Platform (— Civil Georgia · Feb 6, 2024)
    It may be too late to stop the great election disinformation campaigns of 2024 but we have to at least try (— Tom Felle · The Conversation · Feb 9, 2024)
    The Threat from Russia’s Unconventional Warfare Beyond Ukraine, 2022–24 (— Jack Watling, Oleksandr V Danylyuk, Nick Reynolds · RUSI · Feb 20, 2024)
    Denying Russia’s Only Strategy for Success (also see Reflexive control) (— Nataliya Bugayova, Frederick W Kagan, Kateryna Stepanenko · ISW · Mar 27, 2024)
    Czechia busts Russian propaganda network targeting European elections (— Martin Fornusek · The Kyiv Independent (Deník N, Der Spiegel, Le Monde) · Apr 1, 2024)
    Tracing the rise of Russian state media on TikTok (— Valerie Wirtschafter · Brookings · May 2, 2024)
    (↑ there are more reports, that's one state actor among others)


    And if NATO doesn't become some "nice fascist alliance in a few decades"? We already have hungry nice fascist/authoritarian powerhouses (that would like to see the sentiment above grow to action). This sort of anti-NATO rhetoric is indeed naïve, short-sighted, and
    ridiculousBenkei
    Unless...there's a suitable replacement in place?
  • Ukraine Crisis
    Telling a fine story as usual, @boethius. :)

    over 2/3rds of Ukrainians were against NATOboethius

    Are you referring to the May 2014 gradual switch, observed in polls?

    1991              · Ukraine-NATO relations start
    1993-6            · Ukraine given some security commitments by Russia, UK, US
    1997              · Ukraine joins Planning and Review Process (NATO)
    1998              · NATO-Ukraine Commission
    20100118-0207     · Yanukovych wins election
    20131121-20140222 · Euromaidan
    20140218-23       · Dignity Revolution
    20140318          · Russia annexes Crimea
    20140329          · Kyiv: Ukraine is neutral, non-aligned
    201405--          · Roughly all polls switch from neutral to NATO
    20140525-26       · Poroshenko wins election (CyberBerkut interference)
    20190401-19       · Zelenskyy wins election
    20220224          · Russia invades Ukraine
    20220308          · Kyiv: Ukraine not insisting on NATO membership
    20220930          · Ukraine applies for NATO membership
    20230404          · Finland joins NATO
    20240307          · Sweden joins NATO
    

    whereas Ukraine is pervasively corruptboethius

    You keep repeating this (and the like) just as if having pre-settled the matter (to yourself).

    The Ukrainians have been looking to the EU for some time, despite Putin's warnings. They've shown willingness to reform, have independent election observers (+ generally, foreign press and whatever), ditch officials having been found corrupt, work with the EU to develop a fair democracy, ..., during invasion + bombing. More or less the opposite of Putin's Russia — that dominating neighbor they want to wrestle free from. In short, they're trying, whereas your comments has a faint whiff of racism occasionally seen elsewhere and fatalism (peppered with a bit of conspiracy), while portraying Putin's Russia as impregnable, faithfully echoing Putin's words. (Heck, "trying was always futile, Ukraine is Russian", right?)

    Putin signs decree setting Russia’s development goals for 2030
    — TASS · May 7, 2024
    Russia to join ranks of top four global economies — presidential decree
    — TASS · May 7, 2024
    join ranks of the top four global economies by the purchasing power parity
    agro-industrial production volume should grow by 25%

    I'm sure a good chunk of Ukraine under the Kremlin would help with that. :)
  • ChatGPT 4 Answers Philosophical Questions
    Attributions toward artificial agents in a modified Moral Turing Test
    — Eyal Aharoni, Sharlene Fernandes, Daniel J Brady, Caelan Alexander, Michael Criner, Kara Queen, Javier Rando, Eddy Nahmias, Victor Crespo · Scientific Reports · Apr 30, 2024

    The study employed a variation of the Turing test where participants were unaware of the AI’s involvement, focusing instead on the quality of the responses.
    Remarkably, they rated the AI’s moral reasoning as superior in quality to humans’ along almost all dimensions, including virtuousness, intelligence, and trustworthiness, consistent with passing what Allen and colleagues call the comparative MTT.Amanda Head · Neuroscience News · May 6, 2024

    Anyway, when are they going to task AI with developing AI? :)
  • Are War Crimes Ever Justified?
    Zooming in to individual persons, can homicide be justified? Self-defense is typically said to justify killing in some or many cases, where are the boundaries, though? (In general, there are all kinds of odd cases to consider.)

    Can such, or similar, justification be applied when zooming out to societies? Societies also encompass individuals. Boundaries...? Initiators carry significant responsibility, they're just not always easy to identify, which can be (is) abused. The attackers↔defenders relationship is asymmetrical, attackers choose for both, defenders can't choose otherwise.

    Warring has already parted ways with (self)constraint in marked ways, that notions of war crimes then have to contend with. Giving up on the ethics doesn't help though. War crimes are unjustified (at least illegal) as per definition, yes?
  • Ukraine Crisis
    Foreign interference in Ukraine’s election
    — Jakub Kalenský, Laura Galante, Maksym Eristavi, John E Herbst, Geysha González · The Ukraine Election Task Force · May 15, 2019
    Elmar Brok made some statements in 2016, that remain pertinent.

    Regarding straightforward threats to Russia (topics emphasized):

    As far as I can tell, democratization (transparency, freedom, human rights, independent election monitors, bona fide indicators, the usual) would not pose a threat to the common Russian, though it could pose a threat to certain others (not many) in Russian society. Overall, I'm guessing this would bring prosperity (and safety/security) to more Russians over time and would go some way to increase trust.

    Also as far as I can tell, in general, there's no particular threat to the common Russian, except perhaps from the Kremlin, which is internal to Russia. There's a chance that some Russians abroad have faced discrimination/threats, which is unreasonable for merely being Russian.

    Sanctions/embargoes pose a threat. Surely the likes of free (but legal) trade would be quite beneficial to Russian society, whereas more isolation (or imposed economic starvation) is more deleterious. Presumably then, not doing what caused the sanctions, is perceived as bad/worse (or threats in plural) by the sanctioned. So, we have to ask what caused the sanctions, and what consequences there might be of not doing what caused them, which involves sifting through whatever material.
    International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War 2014-
    International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine 2022-
    Sanctions against Russia

    If Russia were to accrue significant debt, then that could be a threat of sorts. Maybe not a high threat as such, might depend on creditors.

    An invasion of Russia pose a straightforward, head-on threat. We then have to ask if anyone is lined up to invade Russia, or has threatened credibly to invade. Say, is anyone in a position to grab Russian land, and interested in trying to do so? Somewhat similarly, anyone motivated and geared up to outright level Russia (not setting foot therein), without much danger to themselves, could pose a threat.

    Internal strife in Russia possibly pose a threat, depending. If the strifers wanted something similar to what the Ukrainians wanted/want (Euromaidan + Dignity), then it's possible that a threat would only be to some or few Russians (internally). External parties could have an interest in trying to sow division within Russia; surely Ukraine is motivated to try undermining the present Kremlin's power (as a countermeasure to the invasion).

    Imposed, concerted (effective, Russophobic) anti-Russification/other-fication efforts in Russia, would be a cultural/identity genocide, though the largest country in the world already has a few ethnocultural groups. So there's a threat. This is the type of threat the Kremlin has enacted on occupied Ukraine (and some other places). As of typing, there's no indication/evidence that Russia is struggling with such a threat. Homosexuality isn't that, despite the Kremlin's efforts and legislation.

    I'm sure I've missed some. Please feel free to fill in the blanks. For a more complete round-up, factors or possible moves in the other direction, to benefit Russian society should be added/compared.

    FYI, in terms of population numbers, here are some comparisons (increasing order):
    Germany + Poland < Russia < Germany + France < Russia + Belarus < Germany + France + Finland < Germany + Poland + Ukraine
  • Israel killing civilians in Gaza and the West Bank
    There are some vague similarities between Netanyahu and Putin, like their versions of lebensraum and destruction/killing to get it, Putin being heavier on the hitlerjugend style than Netanyahu, ... Either way, expect reactions from other societies.
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    I'm told that Numbers 24:9 (read as being about Israel), is a reason for some to pick who to vote for. An exercise in (superstitious) dogmatism.
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    Circumstantial evidence is evidence, as far as I'm concerned. It's not my fault you are unable to infer beyond the facts, and when you do, it's invariably in defence against anything that might dispute your narrative.NOS4A2

    Odd you should write that, because your inference beyond facts works to support your narrative. Anyway, no matter, carry on.
  • Ukraine Crisis
    FYI, some events surrounding the 2014 election that Poroshenko won, plotted into a timeline of sorts (attached). The May 22-26 attacks were considered among the most comprehensive of its kind known at the time. Yarosh seems almost random; he's said to be an extremist. The Euromaidan + Dignity commotion was central, kind of reverberated onwards.

    ndpsjimzqijqmg0w.png
  • Will Russia ever return to communism again?
    , , fyi, an old vote/thread taking it a step further:

    Is communism realistic/feasible? (realistic/feasible ≠ possible)
  • Israel killing civilians in Gaza and the West Bank

    disgraceful [...] lawless [...]
    If unchallenged by the Biden administration, the ICC could create and assume unprecedented power to issue arrest warrants against American political leaders, American diplomats, and American military personnel.
    [...] immediately and unequivocally demand that the ICC stand down [...] use every available tool to prevent such an abomination
    Johnson
    think of whether we stay a signatory [...]
    We have to think about talking to some of the countries that have ratified [the treaty] as to whether they want to support the organization. [...]
    I know Congress will ensure consequences for such an absurd decision.
    Sherman
    strong consequences from both Congress and the PresidentTorres

    They don't know the charges (yet), so this ↑ is about that there may be upcoming charges, regardless of what they may be (and the justification thereof)?

    concerns about the prosecution of the war [...] it's always a good idea to get the facts before making a judgmentKildee
    Why don't we see what happens, and then we can evaluate based on whatever comes out.McGovern

    Better.

    The ICC is an independent body, and it needs to proceed with what they need to do.Jayapal
    it's not a matter for Congress to be telling them what to be doingPocan

    Something for them to quarrel about.
  • The "AI is theft" debate - An argument
    Apropos:

    The Simpsons in the 1950s
    — demonflyingfox · Apr 28, 2024 · 1m:7s

    I wouldn't call it theft/plagiarism, more like a demonstration.
  • Ukraine Crisis
    UK Foreign Secretary gets together with Ukrainian most wanted man in public, for support. Meanwhile, Starbucks was renamed Stars. :D (← vague reminder of that alternate world type stuff again) Chinese officials are afraid to be seen with wanted man.
  • Ukraine Crisis
    After this Palestine thing dies off (like Ukraine did, that thread is very dead)Lionino

    Not quite ;)
  • Ukraine Crisis
    Mercenaries ...

    Cuban mercenaries fighting for Russia eliminate their commander: report
    — TV Poland World · Apr 28, 2024

    Earlier ...

    Putin signs decree to ease getting Russian citizenship for foreigners in armed forces
    — TASS · Sep 30, 2022
    Cuba arrests 17 for trafficking men to fight for Russia in Ukraine
    — Al Jazeera · Sep 8, 2023
    Special Report: How Cubans were recruited to fight for Russia
    — Dave Sherwood, Alexandre Meneghini, Mario Fuentes, Carlos Carrillo, Matt Spetalnick, Tom Balmforth, Filipp Lebedev, Felix Light, Pravin Char · Reuters · Oct 3, 2023
    Putin speeds up a citizenship path for foreigners who enlist in the Russian military
    — Dasha Litvinova · AP · Jan 4, 2024
    Don't come, it's a trap: Cuban mercenary fighting in the Russian army issues chilling warning to fellow countrymen
    — Germania Rodriguez Poleo · Daily Mail Online · Apr 23, 2024

    I suppose they're convenient cannon fodder (when they don't kill their peer invaders).



    GPS jamming traced to Russia after flights over Europe suspended
    — Jeremy Hsu · New Scientist · May 1, 2024
    Statement by the North Atlantic Council on recent Russian hybrid activities
    — NATO · May 2, 2024
    These incidents are part of an intensifying campaign of activities which Russia continues to carry out across the Euro-Atlantic area, including on Alliance territory and through proxies. This includes sabotage, acts of violence, cyber and electronic interference, disinformation campaigns, and other hybrid operations. NATO Allies express their deep concern over Russia's hybrid actions, which constitute a threat to Allied security.
    GPS jamming is a ‘side effect’ of Russian military activity, Finnish transport agency says
    — Tommaso Lecca · POLITICO · May 3, 2024
    German foreign minister says Russia will face consequences for monthslong cyber espionage
    — Frank Bajak, Karel Janicek, Stephen Graham, Samuel Petrequin, Foster Klug · AP · May 3, 2024
    Fancy Bear
    — Wikipedia

    I doubt the Kremlin cares much about condemnation of those cyber activities (for the time being anyway). When state-backed, they tend to just go on about their business.
  • Israel killing civilians in Gaza and the West Bank
    moral cretins180 Proof
    Always love to hear it from the explicitly irreligious. :heart:BitconnectCarlos

    Hmm? Maybe you have a topic for Ethics, ?
  • Israel killing civilians in Gaza and the West Bank
    Folks, there's bad more or less across the board, or, let's say on "both sides" here.
    Continuing to just point out the bad on "the other side" got repetitive some time ago.
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    I guess republicans are fascists.Lionino

    Not really, those are your words.
    For one, some ≠ all.
    For another, they're squabbling over ehh "taboo words". :zip: :lol:

    Resolution 1 – DO PASS – Resolution Supporting our Republic vs. Democracy

    WHEREAS a republic and a democracy are two distinct forms of government; and

    WHEREAS the United States Constitution, Article IV, Section 4 guarantees to every
    state "a republican form of government" and we pledge allegiance to our country's flag
    “and to the Republic for which it stands;” and

    WHEREAS John Adams stated "Democracy...while it lasts is more bloody than either
    aristocracy or monarchy. Remember, democracy never lasts long. It soon wastes,
    exhausts, and murders itself. There is never a democracy that did not commit suicide;”
    and

    WHEREAS the Republican Party is the party of limited, Constitutional government, and
    the Democratic Party promotes progressivism and socialism; and

    WHEREAS every time the word "democracy" is used favorably it serves to promote the
    principles of the Democratic Party, the principles of which we ardently oppose;

    THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the Washington State Republican Party, in
    convention assembled, acknowledges that our nation is intended to be a republic, not a
    democracy; and

    BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that we encourage Republicans to substitute the words
    "republic" and "republicanism" where previously they have used the word "democracy;"
    and

    BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that we support legislation that preserves the republican
    nature of our government institutions and oppose legislation which makes our nation
    more "democratic" in nature, and that, while we favor and encourage liberty in all
    nations, we oppose all efforts to use American military might to spread "democracy"
    around the world.
    2024 WSRP Resolutions Page 2 of 15
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    my fear today is, however, that MAGA terrorists will try to make the US ungovernable (therefore, acutely vulnerable to national security threats from Russia, China and/or the Middle East) in the weeks and months following, if not before, the ROEvember election180 Proof

    Yeah, they'd be handing those other forces a gift.

    The Clown supporters I've chit-chatted with don't think about or care that their efforts add to efforts beyond their neighborhood against themMar 12, 2024


    Was The Donald on the move back in 1963? :)

    xrprmg7782ke75w4.jpg
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    ↪jorndoe Clickbait article :yawn:Lionino

    Maybe? I've seen worse. Besides ...
    The Seattle Times: mediabiasfactcheck, adfontesmedia, biasly
  • Ukraine Crisis
    I wouldn't quite put it past Lukashenko and friends to stage a fake attack on Belarus by, say, Lithuania or Latvia. Possibly (or likely) coordinated by the Kremlin circle, in such a case.
    If it was believed by many to be an attack initiated by Lithuania or Latvia (perhaps sufficiently well-staged with accompanying propaganda), and Belarus mounted a counterattack, then what would NATO's role be?

    10-minute interview with Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya ...
    Everybody opposing the regime automatically declared extremist: Exiled Belarusian opposition leader
    Mercedes Stephenson · Global News · Apr 28, 2024



    Russia will sink Britain under nuclear tide with Satan 2 missiles if NATO intervenes in Ukraine, vows top Putin stooge
    — Sayan Bose, Will Stewart · The Irish Sun · Apr 29, 2024
    If NATO countries send their troops into Ukraine in order to inflict a strategic defeat on Russia, then the very moment about which Putin once said, ‘Why do we need the world, if there is no Russia in it?’ would come. Then everything [all types of missile] would be launched by us, in every direction - Sarmats, Yars, and Avangards.Kiselyov

    Without any such troop having set foot in Russia, or any such country having attacked Russia?
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    Don't know what to make of this...

    The WA GOP put it in writing that they’re not into democracy
    — Danny Westneat · The Seattle Times · Apr 24, 2024
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    , from my interactions with some of those folk, I think some of your comments are fairly accurate.


    Maybe some. But otherwise evangelical types, Mormons, angry hardliners, ..., all the way through mad conspiracy theorists, ...
    My impression is that extremism is (getting) more common than I thought a few years back — note there are also intellectuals stoking the fires.
    In part, things seen before in the history books.
  • Ukraine Crisis
    I guess this has been abandoned.

    Geneva Conventions » Protocol I » Article 1 - General principles and scope of application:
    • 1. The High Contracting Parties undertake to respect and to ensure respect for this Protocol in all circumstances.
    • 2. In cases not covered by this Protocol or by other international agreements, civilians and combatants remain under the protection and authority of the principles of international law derived from established custom, from the principles of humanity and from the dictates of public conscience.
    • 3. This Protocol, which supplements the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the protection of war victims, shall apply in the situations referred to in Article 2 common to those Conventions.
    • 4. The situations referred to in the preceding paragraph include armed conflicts in which peoples are fighting against colonial domination and alien occupation and against racist régimes in the exercise of their right of self-determination, as enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations and the Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations.

    Geneva Conventions » Protocol I » Article 52 - General protection of civilian objects:
    • 1. Civilian objects shall not be the object of attack or of reprisals. Civilian objects are all objects which are not military objectives as defined in paragraph 2.
    • 2. Attacks shall be limited strictly to military objectives. In so far as objects are concerned, military objectives are limited to those objects which by their nature, location, purpose or use make an effective contribution to military action and whose total or partial destruction, capture or neutralization, in the circumstances ruling at the time, offers a definite military advantage.
    • 3. In case of doubt whether an object which is normally dedicated to civilian purposes, such as a place of worship, a house or other dwelling or a school, is being used to make an effective contribution to military action, it shall be presumed not to be so used.

    Geneva Conventions » Protocol I » Article 57 - Precautions in attack:
    • 1. In the conduct of military operations, constant care shall be taken to spare the civilian population, civilians and civilian objects.
    • 2. With respect to attacks, the following precautions shall be taken:
      • (a) those who plan or decide upon an attack shall:
        • (i) do everything feasible to verify that the objectives to be attacked are neither civilians nor civilian objects and are not subject to special protection but are military objectives within the meaning of paragraph 2 of Article 52 and that it is not prohibited by the provisions of this Protocol to attack them;
        • (ii) take all feasible precautions in the choice of means and methods of attack with a view to avoiding, and in any event to minimizing, incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians and damage to civilian objects;
        • (iii) refrain from deciding to launch any attack which may be expected to cause incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians, damage to civilian objects, or a combination thereof, which would be excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated;
      • (b) an attack shall be cancelled or suspended if it becomes apparent that the objective is not a military one or is subject to special protection or that the attack may be expected to cause incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians, damage to civilian objects, or a combination thereof, which would be excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated;
      • (c) effective advance warning shall be given of attacks which may affect the civilian population, unless circumstances do not permit.
    • 3. When a choice is possible between several military objectives for obtaining a similar military advantage, the objective to be selected shall be that the attack on which may be expected to cause the least danger to civilian lives and to civilian objects.
    • 4. In the conduct of military operations at sea or in the air, each Party to the conflict shall, in conformity with its rights and duties under the rules of international law applicable in armed conflict, take all reasonable precautions to avoid losses of civilian lives and damage to civilian objects.
    • 5. No provision of this Article may be construed as authorizing any attacks against the civilian population, civilians or civilian objects.

    After all, prior violation can be used as an excuse, civilian targets can be declared military targets, the words can be made to override the intent, ...
  • How do we decide what is fact and what is opinion?
    , ah, but you won't find any purely deductive dis/proof of solipsism.
    You might think that I'm just a figment of your mind — rude. :)

    Seems you've moved on from that, as noted by...

    Certainly this – what you describe here – is mind-independent, no?180 Proof

    :up:

    Anyway, differentiating fact and (false) opinion can sometimes take a bit of work.
  • How do we decide what is fact and what is opinion?
    , I guess we do away with errors, delineate propositions, build on what has worked, assess evidence + reason, ...
    Epistemic standards is a comprehensive area, yet even common sense is fine on occasion.
    Claims come in all "shapes and sizes", justification likewise.
    (In analogy, I wouldn't ask a blacksmith to do heart surgery, or a surgeon to craft a Claymore.)
    For an existential claim, I'd just start out simple ...
    • if you're referring to something extra-self, then show us something
      (existentially mind-independent, objective, applicable to us all)
    • if you're referring to something you have on your mind, then tell us about it
      (often enough existentially mind-dependent, subjective)
    • if extra-self, then explain your interaction therewith
      (that others may differentiate you and the claimed)
    Or something like that.
  • Ukraine Crisis
    , without aid, Ukraine would eventually get rolled over by Russia.
    Conversely, if supporters went by "give them what they want if they stay democratic (and reasonable)" (just an amendable example), then the invaders would likely eventually get pushed out.
    Somewhere in between, who knows?
    In (and between) democracies, decisions like that aren't particularly typical, decisions aren't dictated by one/few, there are many voices, which is an advantage for autocracies here.
  • Ukraine Crisis
    NATO Spending by Country 2024 (World Population Review)
    Which Countries Meet NATO’s Spending Target? (Visual Capitalist)
    Map shows how much Nato members spend on defence after UK’s £75,000,000,000 boost (Metro)

    Some years ago, I think it was @BC asking why the heck Denmark needed a bunch of new upgraded F-16s anyway, something like that, a natural question at the time. Military expenditures (and conscription) had overall decreased over the years, but the (current) Kremlin's efforts changed that. The links above show what countries appear most concerned, by and large those in Russia's vicinity, or those seeking the opposite of being (re)enrolled under the Kremlin, or shedding the shackles of Russian dominance.


    Russia vetoes a UN resolution calling for the prevention of a dangerous nuclear arms race in space
    — Edith M Lederer · AP · Apr 24, 2024

    Hm

    Lukashenka Says Dozens Of Russian Nukes Deployed in Belarus
    — RFE/RL · Apr 25, 2024

    ☢ ... I was still looking at the Belarusian allegations against Lithuania. Also:

    Belarus reveals alleged plot to attack Minsk from EU
    — RT · Apr 25, 2024

    Something's off here. But, either way, the allegations are serious enough to require substantiation.

    I'm vaguely reminded of the weird Havana syndrome thing. Some investigators pointed at Russian operations, yet official statements from intelligence agencies explicitly said they couldn't support that hypothesis. The allegation is serious, requiring proportional/relevant substantiation, which wasn't available, hence no such allegation. :up:

    The Belarusian allegations require substantiation, and, if that doesn't materialize, then another explanation of the allegations. I've been unable to find anything anyway.
  • Ukraine Crisis
    The KGB of Belarus announced the prevention of strikes by drones from Lithuania on Minsk
    — TASS · Apr 25, 2024
    Belarus says it thwarted attack on capital by drones launched from Lithuania
    — Emelia Sithole-Matarise · Reuters · Apr 25, 2024

    This I don't find plausible. Fairly serious allegation. Doesn't really make much sense. (If anything at all, wouldn't they make a move on Kaliningrad?)