• The infinite in Hegel's philosophy
    Spinoza identified God with natureGregory
    Spinoza does not say "God IS Nature" (Deus natura est ~ pantheism); he says instead "God, OR Nature" (Deus, sive natura ~ acosmism). An excerpt from a letter ...
    ... But some people think the Tractatus Theologico-Politicus rests on the assumption that God is one and the same as ‘Nature’ understood as a mass of corporeal matter. This is a complete mistake. — Spinoza, from letter (73) to Henry Oldenburg
    (Emphasis is mine.)

    A post from an old thread "Philosophy and Metaphysics" wherein I clarify why Spinoza's metaphysic is not consistent with – identical to – pantheism ...
    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/528116

    A post from an old thread "Pantheism" ...
    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/636415
  • The infinite in Hegel's philosophy
    Hegel taught ac[osm]ism, as did Spinoza.Gregory
    Hegel was one of the first thinkers (following(?) Maimon) to differenntiate Spinoza's acosmism from pantheism but I think its more accurate to identify Hegel's metaphysics with (Christian) pantheism.
  • Questioning the Premise of Children of Men
    The "doomsday" part is from the fact that no people will be around to keep the economy going. But the idea of, "Oh no! What shall I do if there isn't a future generation" doesn't seem to be a factor in our individual habits or behavior.schopenhauer1
    Well, since the genre is, in effect, a Dystopia-Dying Earth hybrid, "individual habits or behavior" are only, even primarily, symptoms of accelerating societal collapse which, of course, included labor-consumer collapse. The Children of Men is a speculative novel, not a psycho-sociological treatise. I applaud the author for dramatizing a shift in perspective from taken-for-granted self-centered immediacy to the loss of existential longtermism. As she said clarifying the central idea of the novel ...

    It was reasonable to struggle, to suffer, perhaps even to die, for a more just, a more compassionate society, but not in a world with no future where, all too soon, the very words 'justice', 'compassion', 'society’, 'struggle', 'evil', would be unheard echoes on an empty air.

    https://web.archive.org/web/20070526121608/http://www.thenewatlantis.com/archive/15/bowman.htm
    — P.D. James, interview (2007)
  • The Evolution of Racism and Sexism as Terms & The Discussing the Consequences
    I prefer to talk descriptively.Judaka
    Well, I think "descriptive talk" like yours tends to confuse bigots with racists. I don't have that luxury, Judaka. As a Black American Sisyphus, it's a matter of daily survival for me to be anti-racist (not merely anti-bigot), that is, vigilant of and – in any way I/we can be – actively opposed to structural, systemic and social modes of racism (re: ).
  • The Evolution of Racism and Sexism as Terms & The Discussing the Consequences
    In the 1970's, I remember a Baptist preacher giving us a talk about race and the coming end of Aboriginal Australians. The line I recall was something like - 'It will be for the best at some time in the future when the Aboriginal person will be bred out and be no more.' This was Christian compassion and inclusiveness at its most perverse. Naturally, there was a preamble at the start about how the Good Reverend was not a racist..Tom Storm
    WTF :shade:
  • What is the "referent" for the term "noumenon"?
    What is the "referent" for the term "noumenon"?jancanc
    The epistemically unsurpassable limit ("boundary" Kant wrote, which Hegel disputed, IIRC) of any phenomenon as such.
  • The Evolution of Racism and Sexism as Terms & The Discussing the Consequences
    "Cui bono?"

    Racism (again for the slow fuckers way in the back) denotes color/ethnic prejudice plus POWER of a dominant community (color/ethnic in-group) OVER non-dominant communities (color/ethnic out-groups). Whether Hutus over Tutsis, Israeli Jews over Israeli Arabs, Hans over Uyghurs, Turks over Kurds, Kosovo Serbs over Kosovo Albanians, Russians over Chechens, Israeli Ashkenazim over Israeli Sephardim, American Whites over American Blacks Browns Yellows & Reds, etc, this description of racism obtains.
    180 Proof

    :mask:

    We can't read minds though, and we can't prove intent, ...Judaka
    "Intent" is irrelevant.

    ... and the pattern more than anything proves the oppression.
    Yes.

    For something to be considered racist, we need to interpret it to be harmful to the relevant demographic.
    Who is this "we" that "needs to interpret" what's "harmful"? "The relevant demographic", as you say, those harmed by "the pattern" of "oppression" recognize the selective mistreatment and violence independent of whether or not this "we" "interprets" it "to be considered racist". As I comprehend (& use) the term, racism is first and foremost an ideological-juridical-sociological concept, Judaka, about how groups and societies are legally-civilly regulated into hierarchies – castes – and policed (i.e. "order" maintained via phenotypical scapegoating ~Girard)

    In fact, you've argued an unwillingness to upend the legacies of racism to be racist. The inaction's harmfulness is what makes it racist, yes?
    No. "The legacies of racism" themselves are what's racist; "the inaction" is a constituent feature – indoctrinated social inertia – of these "legacies".

    Basically, we can't parse between what's racially motivated, and where some other motivation is at play, and we can't be expected to prove it, so long as we interpret harm, we'll describe it as racism, is that fair?
    This is completely connfused for reasons already given above and my previous posts. On historical-empirical and experiential grounds, I refuse to conflate and confuse personal anti-black prejudice (i.e. hatred, bigotry) with structural-systemic-social anti-black discrimination (i.e. racism) as your comments – assumptions – suggest that you do. Prejudice, like the poor, might always be with us, but social arrangements of racial castes (i.e. dominance hierarchies) are artifacts of political-economic ideologies of given times and places and, therefore, can be resisted ... until these pernicious social llarrangements are replaced. This is why prejudice (re: moral) and racism (re: political) are functionally different phenomena, though tangential, which are effectively opposed to the degree this functional difference remains intellectual explicit and thereby operational.

    I just want to know in a descriptive sense, how you'd avoid calling any harm to the relevant demographic as racist.
    Is a specific harm to "the relevant demographic" structural (re: exploitation)? systemic (re: discrimination)? or social (re: exclusionary)? If yes to any of these questions, then that specific harm is racist – and those functionaries who carry it out or who uncritically benefit directly (or indirectly) are themselves racist.
  • Questioning the Premise of Children of Men
    So in the end, if we think of future generations at all, it is just plain old selfish ...schopenhauer1
    The Iroquois word for this ahistorical statement, schop1, is BULLSHIT (same word, btw, in countless other languages over dozens of millennia of countless indigenous peoples):

    The Seventh Generation Principle is based on an ancient Haudenosaunee (Iroquois)* philosophy that the decisions we make today should result in a sustainable world seven generations into the future
    Excerpt from
    https://www.ictinc.ca/blog/seventh-generation-principle

    From an old thread "What is the goal of human beings, both individually and collectively in this age?", a post wherein I sketch out an ethical application of the Iroquois' (anthropological) principle ...
    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/572299

    I suspect PD James took this 'inter-generational principal' seriously and her novel is a speculation that when it breakdowns for whatever reason (IIRC, she doesn't give one and neither does the film) the consequences will be dystopian (e.g. fascist, nihilistic). A cautionary tale about "just plain old selfish" unsustainable, philistine, presentism – a decadent civilization growing morbidly obese from cannibalizing its young (its future) – in the late 20th / early 21st century. In other words, like an old song says
    You ain't gonna miss your water until your well runs dry ...
  • Gnostic Christianity, the Grail Legend: What do the 'Secret' Traditions Represent?
    There's a book, Ars Vitae: The Fate of Inwardness and the Return of the Ancient Arts of Living, by Elizabeth Lasch-Quinn, which you may find interesting.Ciceronianus
    The description on Amazon.com reminds me of Pierre Hadot's Philosophy as a Way of Life. Thanks anyway. :up:
  • Questioning the Premise of Children of Men
    I first read the novel back in the early 90s and have seen the movie adaptation more than a few times; I have enjoyed both versions, though they diverge (mostly in narrative focus, IIRC), for the socio-political plausibility of the plot.

    The idea is that the belief in a continuing future society serves as a driving force to prevent society from falling into chaos.

    Is this assumption true, though?
    schopenhauer1
    It's quite plausible, especially in the absence of compelling evidence to the contrary. AFAIK, there aren't any grounds to doubt it. :smirk:
  • The infinite in Hegel's philosophy
    So maybe the question is, if there is and can be something infinite, what would that be?Gregory
    The Real (e.g. Spinoza's substance, Democritus-Epicurus' void, Laozi's dao ...)
  • How to define 'reality'?
    I'd define reality as ..Cidat
    Here are some of my own attempts...180 Proof
    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/749399
  • The Evolution of Racism and Sexism as Terms & The Discussing the Consequences
    :up:

    How can we identify the "theory & practice"? Why is something part of the "theory & practice" of racism?Judaka
    I don't know what you mean by "identify" when you suggest that nothing in the posts I've linked describe the "why & how of racism". Maybe I'm wrong but I suspect you didn't actually (or carefully) read what I'd written.

    I hope your answer can show why an interpretation of harm to the relevant demographic is inaccurate.
    I don't know what you mean by this sentence.
  • The Evolution of Racism and Sexism as Terms & The Discussing the Consequences
    1) Is it correct that sexism, racism and other similar terms, do not function descriptively, and are moral terms that we use if and when we perceive something to be harmful to the relevant demographic?Judaka
    No.

    2) To what extent do you agree that the terms are ambiguous in terms of "how", and "why" and in describing the harm they cause?
    Consider this post from an old thread "Racism or Prejudice? Is there a real difference?" in which I sketch the "why & how" of these "isms" ...
    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/543213

    Also, more succinctly, from another thread "Reverse racism/sexism" ...
    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/733571

    Lastly, from "Does systematic racism exist in the US?" ...
    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/451840

    3) Is "ending' racism & sexism, for you, referring to the simplistic definition (prejudice) or the comprehensive one (societal realities)?
    "Social realities".
  • God & Christianity Aren’t Special
    I’m objecting to otherwise non-religious people who want it to engage in philosophical inquiry spending inordinate amount of time wallowing in — giving special attention to — mythical stories, just because they were raised with them.Mikie
    Care to post a link to a thread or post as an example to clarify what you mean?
  • Regarding Evangelization
    Proselytization is much more likely to come from the atheist side than from believers.T Clark
    :rofl: Amen.
  • God & Christianity Aren’t Special
    So you're just objecting to a dogmatic (or proselytizing) mindset?
  • God & Christianity Aren’t Special
    I agree. I rarely discuss "religions" or "God" or "theology" but instead focus on theism and other such purported 'conceptions of divinity' by investigating the claims which they entail as well as facts of the matter which they presuppose. The philosophical import of each 'conception of the divine' is metaphysical, that is, has implications for 'the concept of nature, or reality', and short of this, I think you're right, Mikie – the topic (re: god religion theology faith etc) is a waste of time. However, many could say the same about philosophy – that discussions about 'existing & being, good & truth, culture & nature' are also wastes of time – not much more than interminable circle-jerks of competing jargons. :smirk:

    The thing is, much of Western philosophy is based on esoteric or religious foundations.schopenhauer1
    More arboreal roots than architectural "foundations" – but yes, for the most part the Pre-Socratics strove to suppliment and/or substitute rational conceptions (Logos) of reality for religious / esoteric verse-fairytales (Mythos)
  • Vervaeke-Henriques 'Transcendent Naturalism'
    Certainty has gone and society seems atomized - I find this exciting, but many fear it.Tom Storm
    :up:

    I think the most important challenge we collectively face is dealing with the practical economic and ecological consequences of the 'continuous growth' paradigm, and the enormous problem of plutocracy and corrupted politics.Janus
    :100:

    Western culture is undergoing a crisis of meaningQuixodian
    :yawn: i.e. adolescence of the species ...
  • Gnostic Christianity, the Grail Legend: What do the 'Secret' Traditions Represent?
    Any thoughts?Jack Cummins
    :chin:

    An old post about "Christian philosophy" (re: ethics) ...
    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/732167

    An old post about the 'historicity of the person of Christ' ...
    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/556934

    Some posts from an old thread "How Do We Think About the Bible From a Philosophical Point of View?" (re: "Christianity de/constructed") ...
    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/556132

    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/555741

    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/555924

    A post from an old thread "Case against Christianity" ...
    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/448923
  • The Argument from Reason
    The irony here is that although with the image of the cave Plato is warning against the persuasive power of images he does so using images. And this is often taken to be not an image but the truth itself.Fooloso4
    :fire:

    :up:
  • What do we know absolutely?
    :chin:

    IMHO, I absolutely know that no one has "absolute knowledge" of everything (including 'the Absolute').
  • Relative vs absolute
    In philosophy, ordinarily the terms "absolute" and "relative" are modifiers which indicate that each instance of the latter R is dependent on – variable with respect to – the former A and that the former A is independent of – invariant with respect to – each instance of the latter R. For example: 'each path is relative – in relation – to (a/the) horizon'. (No doubt these terms are relative – dialectically related – to one another.)
  • On Will and Compassion, My Take on Nietzsche’s Affirmation of Life
    What you describe is much more Schopenhauer's 'Will' than Nietzsche's 'will to power'.
  • TPF Quote Cabinet
    To be African American is to be African without any memory and American without any privilege. — James Baldwin
  • TPF Quote Cabinet
    Against stupidity we have no defense. Neither protests nor force can touch it. Reasoning is of no use. Facts that contradict personal prejudices can simply be disbelieved — indeed, the fool can counter by criticizing them, and if they are undeniable, they can just be pushed aside as trivial exceptions. So the fool, as distinct from the scoundrel, is completely self-satisfied. In fact, they can easily become dangerous, as it does not take much to make them aggressive. For that reason, greater caution is called for than with a malicious one. Never again will we try to persuade the stupid person with reasons, for it is senseless and dangerous. — Dietrich Bonhoeffer

    https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/comment/622702 :smirk:
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    He should have been hung for treason years ago.Mikie
    :100: :up:
  • Emergence
    If you haven't watched this US Congressional testimony by the late Carl Sagan back in 1985, consider his well-informed warnings – macro predictions – which had subsequently been largely ignored by governments and transnational corporations because of very irrational, biased, human groupthink – a metacognitive defect AGI will not be limited by) ...



    Also today ...
    https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jul/19/climate-crisis-james-hansen-scientist-warning
  • The Argument from Reason
    :up:

    In other words, Platonism (or philosophy) and naturalism are contradictory positions.
    — Lloyd Gerson, Platonism vs Naturalism
    Wayfarer
    What's referred to here as "naturalism" I think is more cogently conceived of as Pre-Platonism (e.g. Milesian, Ionian & Eleatic cosmologies) from which subsequent "Platonism" is abstracted (and then, IMHO, reified (fallaciously) into transcendent "forms" "categories" "essences" "emanations" "universals" "patterns" etc).

    Anyway, Wayf, reviews of Gerson's book are intriguing so I'll pick it up (unless @Fooloso4's arguments / objections (here or elsewhere) persuade me not to bother).
  • The Argument from Reason
    There is no better source of why this is not true than the works of Plato. Several of the dialogues can be cited, but Timaeus, in which Socrates remains mostly silent, presents a clear picture of the inadequacy of the Forms. In this dialogue, much or which is a monologue, Socrates expresses the desire to see the city he creates in the Republic at war. He wants to see the city in action. The story of the city in the Republic is incomplete. It is a city created by intellect (nous) without necessity (ananke), that is, a city without chance and contingency. A city that could never be.

    For a more detailed discussion: https://thephilosophyforum.com/discussion/12008/shaken-to-the-chora/p1
    Fooloso4
    :fire: I very much appreciate this insight. Thanks!

    :up:
  • TPF Quote Cabinet
    The contemporary proliferation of bullshit also has deeper sources, in various forms of skepticism which deny that we can have any reliable access to an objective reality, and which therefore reject the possibility of knowing how things truly are. These 'antirealist' doctrines undermine confidence in the value of disinterested efforts to determine what is true and what is false, and even in the intelligibility of the notion of objective inquiry. One response to this loss of confidence has been a retreat from the discipline required by dedication to the ideal of correctness to a quite different sort of discipline, which is imposed by pursuit of an alternative ideal of sincerity. Our natures are, indeed, elusively insubstantial — notoriously less stable and less inherent than the natures of other things. And insofar as this is the case, sincerity itself is bullshit. — Harry Frankfurt, d.2023