Outlook:

Art is a human activity that has displayed through time some kind of canonical form, so as to suggest the terminology of an art movement. This property is not only true for the field of Science, but the scientific movements are likewise motivated with their synchronous art movements.

This suggests that the notion of a movement (i.e. the phenomenon of similarity between work products, which as claimed extends so as to collect artists with scientists), should originate from some common life experience that they both have. That should be political and cultural framework.

So if civilizations or city vibes homogenize creators, and homogeneous creations lead to movements, then surrealism, realism, romanticism, etc, are for west civilization what Mona Lisa is for Leonardo da Vinci, what Guernica is for Picasso, etc.

"movements are the way that cities express themselves"

Inlook:

Renaissance(17-18th century)
Science progress was driven by the figures of Newton, Leibniz, Descartes, and others less popular. That work was around Calculus and Analytic Geometry, which both of them where in direct connection with Newtonian Physics.
Art progress was around truth likeness. Refinement techniques (using oil for the first time in West), realistic human proportions and the use of perspective.(Note: Italians were an exception, containing sometimes non-realistic elements, still without violating analogy and refinement. Like The Birth of Venus by Botticelli.)
Renaissance and Enlightenment was seated on realism.

Surrealism period(end of 19th beginning of 20th)
Scientific surrealism is based on the idea of not allowing senses to restrict scientific work. Such examples are Non Euclidean Geometry and Freud's Psychoanalysis.
Sur-logical and sur-realistic scenes where depicted in art around that years.

Self-reference period(aroused in World War I)
Mathematics turned onto logic(Russel) and Philosophy onto language(Wittgenstein).
In art the most known painter of that kind is Rene Magritte.

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I would like your opinion on the above.