can you unpack that more please (if you have time of course). — mrnormal5150
is the most felicitous way to describe a formula that goes back only several decades. The problem is this formula is "epistemological" in a naive way, i.e., it doesn't know that epistemology as such is a 19th century invention. It asks, what is the access to reality as such? The older discussion assumes a grounding, when one sees a tree, that's it. No "belief". Seeing is knowing, a certainty. One is in the world. No question about a mad scientist or a dream."traditionally" — NKBJ
"Is it possible for one to be justified in believing X while X is unjustified? Or does one being justified in believing X entail X is justified?" — mrnormal5150
No and no. See @NKBJ's post on Gettier. But most importantly, injecting psychological condition into knowledge could only result in a blameless error, not justified belief. I hope you see the distinction.Is it possible for one to be justified in believing X while X is unjustified? Or does one being justified in believing X entail X is justified? — mrnormal5150
is the most felicitous way to describe a formula that goes back only several decades. The problem is this formula is "epistemological" in a naive way, i.e., it doesn't know that epistemology as such is a 19th century invention. It asks, what is the access to reality as such? The older discussion assumes a grounding, when one sees a tree, that's it. No "belief". Seeing is knowing, a certainty. One is in the world. No question about a mad scientist or a dream — InternetStranger
, rather, it's a paradox of contradiction concerning knowing and not knowing. Off hand, I would venture to say nothing corresponds to "reality" for the ancients. Because what we mean by reality is quantifiable stuff, Science in the modern sense, which plays only the small role in an abstracted geometry for the Greek. At best, the Greek thinks, the vault of the heavens, is the place of geometrical realities. Never does he find geometry, or "real" knowledge, in things visible to the eyes as do we. The discussion simply moves on a different plane. Knowledge of how to get to Larissa is simple empirical knowing, which was something low but dependable for the Greeks."99.99999% likely corresponds to reality" — NKBJ
"Plato was the first to say we don't have direct access to the world as it is." — NKBJ
stems. This is because Galileo superimposed the geometric world which the Greeks found only written on the vault of the heavens into the world of the "sense data", then Descartes and the Post-Kantian problems become assumed part of daily thinking."99.99999% likely corresponds to reality" — NKBJ
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