• PoeticUniverse
    1.7k
    I’m now seeing Britney Spears in front of a chalk board of equations. An audience of enthusiastic wizened professors thumping the benches.apokrisis

    The Britney-dvg fun version (rap slightly slowed down):

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kHy4G24_nBM

    note: Since this was the first service, it was done in public, so the readers could follow the process. In the future, it could be done via private messaging.
  • apokrisis
    7.6k
    This is not talking about Symmetry in the traditional mirror-image sense.Gnomon

    But that is exactly what gauge symmetry does. It explains why particles are created and annihilated in matter-antimatter pairs. You break a chiral or mirror symmetry into its two halves and then these annihilate in a burst or energy when they come back together again.

    That’s why fermions are spin-1/2 and charge can exist. It is why anything exists to start making the Universe a complex place of material structure.
  • apokrisis
    7.6k
    It is against to the thesis that matter is a passive receptacle for external and transcendent forms (first cause), while symmetry breaks give matter (to which they are immanent) the ability to generate forms without external intervention.JuanZu

    I’m not sure what you mean there. But the fact that fundamental physics is rooted in the maths of symmetry is rather Platonic and hylomorphic. It is a pointer to a strong version of structuralism.

    See SEP on https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/structural-realism/

    So in talking about the prime cause of Being, the shape of Nature gets imposed by the constraints that it can’t help but generate in its Becoming, to use the Aristotelean model.

    If we start with the idea of pure unformed potential - fluctuations without directions; an infinity of dimensions without cohesion - then what kind of dimensionality could begin to cohere out of that fundamental vagueness?

    Well symmetry seems to tell us that there is only one dimensionality that is the possible outcome of any such striving to become organised in some exact and balanced fashion. Only 3D could be where actuality begins as it is only in three dimensions that the number of rotational degrees of freedom match the number of translational degrees of freedom. As a metric, only 3D has the property that then produces physics as we know it. A dimensionality with the basic Newtonian principles of the conservation of momentum as both translations and rotations, and so the holism of the Galilean group of symmetries.

    Also only 3D has a doubling-halving story built into it in the fashion which gives gravity and force their inverse square law and so sets up a metric that can expand geometrically while also diluting at the same rate. You can have a metric driven by the “explosion” of its hot content, but that explosion then lasts forever as the hot content is getting cooled by that expansion and so the whole thing takes until the end of time to cool to zero and come to a complete stop.

    So you have a story where there is symmetry and it’s breaking that starts right from some ultimate state of vague potential. A symmetry where everything was possible as nothing had yet started to happen in any cohesive sense. An infinity of dimensions that was both an everythingness yet also less than nothing.

    Then all this potential could be poured into the generation of something. It could become broken by the fact that 3D was a stabilising solution. A Platonic form. If any kind of physical geometry was going to exist, it had to be this one.

    Of course you then have to explain the other aspects of the Big Bang. Like how this 3D receptacle started Planck small and so Planck hot because of quantum mechanics and its gauge symmetries. And how it was also the start of time in any proper sense as the speed of light got added to give the metric its 4D relativistic symmetry - it’s Poincare group of symmetries.

    It all gets quickly complex in topological fashion.

    But this picture says we have a metaphysics where anything was possible, and yet that everythingness was immediately being constrained by mathematical principles. To become actualised, it had to strike on a structure that made the most geometric sense. It had to be a hot 4D spacetime speck that would instantly begin to expand and cool. A speck whose dimensionality was defined in unit 1 terms by its three critical constants of c, G and h.

    That is, the strength of gravity to define the flatness of its translations, the quanta of action to define its fundamental unit of particle spin or intrinsic rotation, and the speed of light as the unifying rate at which the relativistic metric and its quantum contents could thermally decohere and start becoming a realm of material particles.

    The gauge constraints could kick in and start to fashion raw fluctuations into the vectors and spinors that are the zoo of Standard Model “matter”. The shapes of the excitations we know as the electrons, protons, neutrons and photons of a world organised under the ultimate gauge simplicity of U(1) electromagnetism and the messy hierarchy of mass terms added to particle fields by the Higgs mechanism. The further symmetry breaking that turned on gravity by breaking 4D spacetime into an effectively 3D story of an inertial rest frame of co-moving matter particles.

    So in a nutshell, the Universe exists in a complex fashion by striving to become as simple and balanced as possible in symmetry terms.

    It only arrive in its current state having eliminated infinite possibility and boiled itself down to what remained as the simplest possible state with its now locked in remaining order. It eventually arrived at its destination - a dust of gravitating and electrically neutral atoms in a void of uniformly scattered 2.7 degree K photons. And even that stage will pass with the ultimate concrete simplicity of a Heat Death. Just a last baseline sizzle of absolute zero photons radiated by the cosmic event horizon. The comoving spacetime metric finally reaching its doubling-halving halt.
  • PoeticUniverse
    1.7k
    doubling-halvingapokrisis

    Another great post!
  • apokrisis
    7.6k
    This is related to this:

    differentiation emerge from a state of uniformity
    JuanZu

    Reading your post again, it does sound like you are stressing that my view would be based on immanence rather than transcendence in terms of any "first cause" or first symmetry breaking. And that would be right.

    And between Plato and Aristotle, this would be more Aristotle (although the Timaeus tantalises us with its notion of chora, or the "receptacle" that the forms need to become actualised in material being).

    So in this thread, I have argued for the immanent and hylomorphic view of causality. The systems science view. And that is a metaphysics that has even come into vogue – because of gauge symmetry – in recent philosophy as Ontic Structural Realism. It has also come into vogue in fundamental physics as more and more is understood about the maths of topological order – and so how the gauge physics of quantum field theory can be properly generalised to cover, for instance, condensed matter and other emergent material phenomena.

    Likewise, the idea of dimensionality as it might account for a hot Big Bang is leading to a dissipative structure approach – as first pushed in cosmology by David Layzer. So a thermodynamics, but one more appropriate to a cosmos as a self-organising structure of dissipation. One that gets beyond the roadblock of the Second Law and its world built on systems already gone to the equilibrium of a Heat Death. Again a tale of immanence where even "entropy" emerges or evolves in topological fashion.

    So it is all about symmetry and symmetry-breaking. But then also about that as itself an evolving hierarchy of topological order.

    Our current universe is in its very complex – and yet also very simple – state. This seems an odd thing to say, but that itself stresses we are dealing with a logic of dichotomies. Things start to happen when two complementary things are happening at once. This is the thought that breaks the logjam of metaphysics. And has done so ever since Anaximander figured out the logic of the Apeiron split by the dichotomising action of apokrisis.

    Anyway, our current universe has achieved a state that is matter dominated – as the radiation background has already cooled itself to causal irrelevance. The CMB has been redshifted out of sight and may as well be a literal a-causal void of Newtonian fancy. And also, all the anti-matter that did exist has been almost completely annihilated – fizzled to join that CMB because of a charge-parity violation buried in the fine print of gauge symmetry and the Standard Model hierarchy of particles it produced.

    So as I said, SU(3) exists but is balled up into protons and neutrons and doesn't organise the universe at any more general level than being the strong nuclear force making atomic-level matter possible. SU(2) hangs around as the weak force which allows Standard Model particles to rotate their way down its thermal ladder and become the final most massless versions of their type. Pretty much everything has degenerated to up and down quarks, electrons and neutrinos, by now.

    And U(1) runs the show in conjunction with the gravitational degrees of freedom embodied in this simple collection of Dirac particles. Charge is permanently broken as protons and electrons can't be rotated into each other anymore. As quark matter and lepton matter, the temperature of the Universe is too cold and they are now locked into that final lowest level slot on the Standard Model's gauge structure.

    So charge is permanently broken, but then also permanently in a dynamical state of dichotomised balance. Protons and electrons have to be arranged into neutralising atomic forms just to settle things down enough for matter to be locally electrostatically bound and globally gravitationally organised as the stars and galaxies of the great Cosmic Web of dynamically swirling mass.

    It is dances within dances. Symmetries broken at one level that need to be healed to create the symmetry to be broken the next. The story of topological order. First the universe breaks everything down so that all that seems to be left in the void is a residual dust of positive protons and negative electrons. But then that broken charge must restore its lost symmetry however it can. Hence the emergence of what we actually call matter. Atoms of hydrogen, helium and lithium.

    And then because these atoms have mass as well, you get the clumping of clouds that reheats this dusty matter to the point it catches fired and becomes a star. A fusion furnace that is self-organisd for longevity as it exists as a yo-yo balance of gravity and its heat. Its own weight collapses it, but its own heat expands it. And so it can hang in space, radiating into the void, neatly balanced at its critical point.

    A lucky fact as fusion starts making heavier elements. And then the exhaustion of the fuel and final collapse of the star is an explosion that loads up every possible slot of the periodic table with all the atoms its symmetries represent. The symmetries determined now by electron shells or orbitals.

    And so it goes on. Dichotomies all the way up and so all the way back down. Simplicity creating complexity. Symmetries get broken and create some new brand of complexity. That in itself is the cause for some new re-simplification which fixes what just got broken. In a world broken by U(1) charge, structure must arise that can neutralise that destabilising fact. Order must be restored. Protons and electrons must get bound into neutrons.

    If no charge symmetry had been broken, then the Cosmos could have rested its self-organising immanence right there. The only matter to talk of would be dark matter – cold clouds of non-interacting particles just dancing the dance of a gravitating dust. And too cold to even make interesting emergent patterns doing that.

    The Big Bang might be a fireball – for quantum uncertainty reasons, as Planck hot as it was Planck small – but most of that disorganised potential got spent quickly under the doubling~halving expansion and cooling of a Minkowski spacetime metric – the Poincare group organisation of Special Relativity.

    So the spacetime container that emerges from relativistic symmetry was disposing of the heat as fast as it could run. And running at the speed of light – in being at first just a ball of radiation, a chaotic soup of relativistic excitations – that was so fast it would have gone to zero about now. Or as the CMB, it has now fallen to 2.7 degrees K, and will halve that temperature once again in another 14 billion years.

    (Or in fact 10 billion years, as dark energy has shown up to hurry things along. A further topological complication to add to the long list of things that are immanently emergent due to symmetry breakings we still need to figure out.)

    One final point to toss in – as I was trying to give a feeling for why gauge symmetry-breaking is the cause of the "complex simplicity" which is our current "atoms in a void" universe – is that it should be noted how the symmetries are (dichotomously) divided between the real number symmetries of relativity and the complex number symmetries of quantum theory.

    The U in the SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1) formula means a unitary matrix. A matrix description in which rotation and translation can be entangled. Or indeed, re-entangled. The view of reality as it was before rotation and translation got broken and so what it looks like again when that symmetry is restored.

    Likewise the key symmetry at the heart of relativity is the Lorentz group SO(3,1). An orthogonal matrix group – orthogonal meaning it is fully broken at a dimensional level and so described in disentangled real number values. No complex number mixing. Just the three orthogonal rotations of the 3D spin group SO(3). But with the addition of a time~energy conservation "direction" that is created by the speed of light as the universal limit on interactions with directions. This then makes it the 4D spacetime group of SO(3,1).

    The Poincare group is then this 4D Lorentz group of relativistic "boosts" added to the standard 3+3D standard symmetries of 3D space to construct the 10D Poincare group – not literally ten dimensional, but that is how many degrees of freedom you have to package together in a self-constraining fashion where you have 6 Euclidean or flat space degrees of freedom (three translations/three rotations) being traded off against the contractions and dilations demanded to make the resulting metric properly Minkowski and speed of light restricted.

    Phew. So gauge symmetry comes in forms that are real number to speak to the globally-broken symmetry of spacetime as the dimensional container. And then also that are the complex number or unitary gauge symmetries to describe what remains as the open freedoms to be expressed at every point of this spacetime container. Just by constraining the metric to a collection of points itself sets up an "inner space" of intrinsic quantum spin that has now been set free to to add its topological order to the whole mix. You get all the possible kinds of local excitations or particles that become possible under the hierarchy of SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1).

    At least once inflation is over and has dumped a load of reheated vector particles into the vacuum. Which also must have the different thing of a scalar Higgs field – although that has to be SU(2) to later mix quantumly with the electroweak force and thus break it to become the weak force plus electromagnetism.

    Then dark matter could be anything. Black holes, a condensed matter effect that results in "2D" anyon particles, all sorts of exotic stuff – which would somehow have to also be explained in Platonic structural terms. There are always more symmetry groups to be pulled out of the maths bag.

    And dark energy! If it exists as some kind of quantum uncertainty effect within dimensionality itself and isn't just an optical effect of viewing the universe from some locally underdense "gravitational well".

    But immanence rules. And it rules as possibility can't help but stumble its way into orderly patterns. And it doesn't do this just once. Order always creates its own new possibilities which then have to stumble into new patterns.

    Symmetry thinking is then just the way to discover this kind of immanent pattern making. The invariant structures that can't help but emerge when everything is trying to happen all together and all at once.

    Shake up possibility and it settles down into whatever conformity that is its stable equilibrium state. A state where differences can no longer make a difference as the same old pattern just keeps re-emerging. The pattern that was immanent and then emerged dynamically to become something that looked permanent and even fore-destined.

    But every such pattern then becomes its own state of free possibility. A higher level symmetry to be broken at a higher level – shaken and shaken until it to settles into its own dynamical balance.

    A Cosmos is more complex from the start as it has to be symmetry-breaking in two complementary directions at once. It is itself already a symmetry-breaking in progress. A Big Bang that is a mix of its relativistic metric doing the expanding and a hot quantum content doing the other thing of a cooling. A plasma fireball that is turning itself from a radiation soup into a matter dust via a series of topological phase transitions as the container expands and the contents spread out and dilute.

    So good job we have both the real number matrices and the complex number matrices to keep track of both sides of this symmetry equation. Poincare invariance married to gauge invariance by little particle creating tricks such as that SU(2) is the double cover of SO(3). A Minkowski metric point can harbour the further inner complexity of a half-spin fermion that has to rotate 720 degrees to look like a 360 degree revolution. The mirror reflection trick that allows fermions to come as the creation~annihilation pairs of matter and antimatter.

    The symmetry that gets broken to arrive at a world made of just matter and a void of long-spent radiation. The relic antimatter gone to join all dark matter and other stuff like neutrinos that has become causally irrelevant in this ruthless game of cosmic Darwinism. Or self-organising immanence.

    And so it goes on. And on. Symmetry-breaking out to the furthest horizon. :wink:
  • Gnomon
    4.2k
    It is against to the thesis that matter is a passive receptacle for external and transcendent forms (first cause), while symmetry breaks give matter (to which they are immanent) the ability to generate forms without external intervention.JuanZu
    I'm not a physicist, so this stuff is over my head. I had to Google "symmetry breaking"*1 to see if it can happen spontaneously without any causal inputs.

    Does this contrarian-thesis mean that physical evolution occurs randomly and without causal inputs from the environment? In other words, without rhyme or reason. If so, how can scientists make any sense of the evolutionary process?*2

    Is this symmetry-breaking argument intended to offer an explanation for non-classical acausal Quantum phenomena, and to deny the necessity of any cosmic First Cause of the Big Bang? How can Randomness explain anything other than Chaos . . . . or our ignorance of quantum scale reality?*3

    It seems to me that human Reasoning & Logic are based on, or intuitively derived from, our experience with causation in the real world. Does this acausal thesis mean that millennia of philosophical reasoning has mis-interpreted fundamental Randomness*4 in terms of useful & meaningful Reasons, such as First Cause? :smile:


    *1. Acausal Symmetry Breaking ? :
    Arguments of the above kind — that is, arguments leading to definite conclusions on the basis of an initial symmetry of the situation plus PSR — have been used in science since antiquity (as Anaximander’s argument testifies). The form they most frequently take is the following: a situation with a certain symmetry evolves in such a way that, in the absence of an asymmetric cause, the initial symmetry is preserved. In other words, a breaking of the initial symmetry cannot happen without a reason, or an asymmetry cannot originate spontaneously. Van Fraassen (1989) devotes a chapter to considering the way these kinds of symmetry arguments can be used in general problem-solving.
    https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/symmetry-breaking/

    *2. "Evolution without causation" refers to the philosophical debate about whether evolutionary processes, particularly natural selection, should be understood as non-causal statistical phenomena rather than as processes driven by specific causal forces. While the majority of biologists and philosophers view evolution as a causal process involving factors like mutation, inheritance, and selection, a minority, often associated with the "statisticalist" school of thought, argue that natural selection is a non-causal epiphenomenon. This concept challenges the traditional understanding of evolution by suggesting it can occur due to statistical patterns and the differential survival of individuals, rather than by inherent causal forces shaping life forms.
    https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-1-d&q=evolution+without+causation

    *3. Ignorance of quantum scale reality refers to the deep conceptual and observational gap between the quantum realm and our classical, macroscopic experience, stemming from quantum mechanics' fundamental indeterminacy, observer-dependent phenomena, and non-intuitive properties like entanglement and non-locality. Physicists are actively working to resolve these mysteries and formulate a unified theory that bridges quantum theory and general relativity to better understand the true nature of reality.
    https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-1-d&q=ignorance+of+quantum+scale+reality
    Note --- Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle merely means that there's a "fundamental limit to how precisely certain pairs of physical properties, like an electron's position and momentum, can be known simultaneously". How can that sub-atomic sample of apparent randomness be scaled up to the evolution of a whole universe?

    *4. Randomness is the apparent lack of pattern, cause, or predictability in an event, often associated with chance and probability, while reason implies a logical explanation or justification for an action or occurrence. Reason points to a specific cause, whereas randomness describes an event where the cause (if any) is not discernible, creating uncertainty in the outcome.
    https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-1-d&q=randomness+vs+reason
  • apokrisis
    7.6k
    I like the Britney version for being more like how the words would echo in their own confusion. Serious, but not taken seriously. :cool:
  • JuanZu
    379
    in the absence of an asymmetric cause, the initial symmetry is preserved. In other words, a breaking of the initial symmetry cannot happen without a reason, or an asymmetry cannot originate spontaneously.Gnomon

    This does not mean that symmetry breaks are acausal; symmetry breaks belong to an ontological continuum in which the slightest variation in the environment can lead to such a break. The cause is not external because it is not the first cause giving matter its form. The cause of the symmetry breaking may be due to a discrepancy between the symmetry of one system and the symmetry of another system with which it comes into contact. As I understand, everything occurs between different symmetry systems.
  • Gnomon
    4.2k
    So in this thread, I have argued for the immanent and hylomorphic view of causality. . . . .
    Our current universe is in its very complex – and yet also very simple – state. This seems an odd thing to say, but that itself stresses we are dealing with a logic of dichotomies. Things start to happen when two complementary things are happening at once. This is the thought that breaks the logjam of metaphysics. And has done so ever since Anaximander figured out the logic of the Apeiron split by the dichotomising action of apokrisis.
    apokrisis
    Again, I apologize for butting-in to your scholarly dialog with . The terminology alone is baffling to a late-blooming amateur philosopher with no formal training. But sometimes when I Google some esoteric language, I may actually learn something useful & meaningful. For example, "the dichotomising action of apokrisis" meant nothing to me, until Google revealed some associated concepts that I was already familiar with.

    In the overview below*1, the evolution of the world is described in terms of two kinds of causes : Top Down = a creator/programmer, who serves as both First and Final Cause, bracketing the origin & development of what we call space-time Reality. Bottom-Up = the degrees of freedom that we call fundamental randomness/uncertainty on the quantum scale of reality. Working together, Cause (Law ; Regulation) & Chance (Stochastic Randomness ; Freedom) produce a Complex Adaptive System of "dynamic, non-linear systems of interacting agents that exhibit emergent, self-organizing behaviors and co-evolve over time". This kind of Emergent Evolution is compatible with my own notion of EnFormAction*2. :smile:


    *1. Dichotomizing action of apokrisis :
    A systems view of causality: In a philosophical discussion on causality, the term apokrisis has been used to describe a foundational split. It is argued that a systems approach to causality dichotomizes the notion of cause into two complementary types:
    Top-down constraints: The action of formal and final causes, representing global limitations.
    Bottom-up degrees of freedom: The action of material and efficient causes, representing local spontaneity and construction.

    https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-1-d&q=+dichotomising+action+of+apokrisis.
    Note --- Formal causes are natural laws (Logic). First & Final causes are design intention. And Material & Efficient causes are the Energy/Matter cycle of thermodynamics. This is my interpretation, which may not be the original intent of the dichotomizing split. Working together, Constraints & Freedom are "complementary" and creative.

    *2. EnFormAction :
    Ententional Causation. A proposed metaphysical law of the universe that causes random interactions between forces and particles to produce novel & stable arrangements of matter & energy. It’s the creative force (aka : Divine Will) of the axiomatic eternal deity that, for unknown reasons, programmed a Singularity to suddenly burst into our reality from an infinite source of possibility. AKA : The creative power of Evolution; the power to enform; Logos; Causation.
    https://blog-glossary.enformationism.info/page8.html
    Note --- "Ententional Causation" is the top-down lawful constraints, and "Random Interactions" are the bottom-up spontaneous degrees of freedom that allow for the emergent creativity of Evolution.
  • apokrisis
    7.6k
    For example, "the dichotomising action of apokrisis" meant nothing to me, until Google revealed some associated concepts that I was already familiar with.Gnomon

    AI gives a nice summary….

    Anaximander used the term apokrisis (separation off) to explain how the world and its components emerged from the apeiron—the boundless, indefinite, and eternal origin of all things. In his cosmology, this process involved the separation of opposites, such as hot and cold or wet and dry, from the undifferentiated primordial substance.

    The process of apokrisis
    A contrast to Thales: Anaximander's teacher, Thales, had proposed that water was the fundamental principle (archē) of all things. Anaximander disagreed, arguing that if any one of the specific elements (like water) were infinite and dominant, it would have destroyed the others long ago due to their opposing qualities.

    The function of the apeiron: To resolve this issue, Anaximander proposed the apeiron as a neutral, limitless, and inexhaustible source. The apeiron is not itself any of the known elements and is therefore capable of giving rise to all of them through an eternal motion without being depleted or overpowered.

    Cosmic differentiation: The apokrisis, or "separating off," is the key mechanism by which the universe comes into being. Anaximander held that an eternal, probably rotary, motion in the apeiron caused the pairs of opposites to separate from one another.

    Formation of the cosmos: This separation led to the formation of the world. For instance, the hot and the cold separated, with a sphere of fire forming around the cold, moist earth and mist. This ball of fire later burst apart to form the heavenly bodies. This dynamic interplay of opposites is regulated by a sense of cosmic justice, with each opposite "paying penalty and retribution to one another for their injustice," according to the "disposition of time"

    You might note that your own AI prompt ends up referencing a lot of my own PF posts. :lol:
  • PoeticUniverse
    1.7k
    Also only 3D has a doubling-halving story built into it in the fashion which gives gravity and force their inverse square lawapokrisis

    Another vid for your lecture tour:

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eTWWXcso-4E
  • Gnomon
    4.2k
    Anaximander used the term apokrisis (separation off) to explain how the world and its components emerged from the apeiron—the boundless, indefinite, and eternal origin of all things. In his cosmology, this process involved the separation of opposites, such as hot and cold or wet and dry, from the undifferentiated primordial substance.
    Thanks for the summary. My philosophical vocabulary is narrow & limited, and obtained mostly since I retired. Before retirement I was more interested in physical sciences.

    So I was not familiar with Anaximander's theory of Apeiron, but it seems to be generally compatible with my own amateur philosophical hypothesis of how the world works*1, based on Quantum physics and Causal Information.

    My own term, Ideal Formal Potential (source of all real forms), may be equivalent to Aperion (unlimited possibility), or Spinoza's Substance (infinite unformed stuff). This boundless Potential is similar to Plato's unformed Chaos (infinite realm of unactualized Form). It's also imagined as the source of Causal Energy (EnFormAction) that exploded --- for unknown reasons --- into what we call the Big Bang.

    Whether the Enformer is viewed as a god may be a question of personal taste, but it serves the same purpose of Creator of our Reality, without meddling with the automatic functions of natural Evolution. Because of the role of Information in the process of evolution, I like to think of the Enformer as a Programmer. And the execution of the program is what we call Causation.

    My personal worldview is built upon what I call the BothAnd principle*1 of Complementarity or the Union of Opposites. Instead of an Either/Or reductive analysis, I prefer a Holistic synthesis. We seem to be coming from divergent directions, with different vocabularies, but eventually met somewhere in the middle of the Aperion. :smile:


    *1. Both/And Principle :
    My coinage for the holistic principle of Complementarity, as illustrated in the Yin/Yang symbol. Opposing or contrasting concepts are always part of a greater whole. Conflicts between parts can be reconciled or harmonized by putting them into the context of a whole system.
    # The Enformationism worldview entails the principles of Complementarity, Reciprocity & Holism, which are necessary to offset the negative effects of Fragmentation, Isolation & Reductionism. Analysis into parts is necessary for knowledge of the mechanics of the world, but synthesis of those parts into a whole system is required for the wisdom to integrate the self into the larger system. In a philosophical sense, all opposites in this world (e.g. space/time, good/evil) are ultimately reconciled in Enfernity (eternity & infinity).
    # Conceptually, the BothAnd principle is similar to Einstein's theory of Relativity, in that what you see ─ what’s true for you ─ depends on your perspective, and your frame of reference; for example, subjective or objective, religious or scientific, reductive or holistic, pragmatic or romantic, conservative or liberal, earthbound or cosmic. Ultimate or absolute reality (ideality) doesn't change, but your conception of reality does. Opposing views are not right or wrong, but more or less accurate for a particular purpose.
    # This principle is also similar to the concept of Superposition in sub-atomic physics. In this ambiguous state a particle has no fixed identity until “observed” by an outside system. For example, in a Quantum Computer, a Qubit has a value of all possible fractions between 1 & 0. Therefore, you could say that it is both 1 and 0.

    https://blog-glossary.enformationism.info/page10.html
  • apokrisis
    7.6k
    My personal worldview is built upon what I call the BothAnd principle*1 of Complementarity or the Union of Opposites. Instead of an Either/Or reductive analysis, I prefer a Holistic synthesis. We seem to be coming from divergent directions, with different vocabularies, but eventually met somewhere in the middle of the Aperion.Gnomon

    There are many many versions of this in world culture as it is simply what is obvious once you think about how anything could come to have existence. Unless you go for some Big Daddy in the Sky divine creator figure, you are going to have to posit an ultimate stuff so vague it is just the potential for stuff, which then becomes something by dividing against itself in the complementary fashion that allows it to evolve into the many kinds of things we find.

    One such philosopher whom you might like to add to your list is Schelling and his Ungrund.

    A quick AI summary…..

    Schelling's theory of the Ungrund (non-ground) posits a primal, ungrounded principle that precedes and underlies all existence, including the rational mind. This "ungrounded ground" is a chaotic, indeterminate, and free force that is the source from which all reality and consciousness emerge, a concept that departs from purely rationalistic systems and emphasizes the importance of the unconscious and irrational.

    Key aspects of the Ungrund

    Primal, undetermined principle: The Ungrund is an "unfathomable" and "incomprehensible" starting point that has no prior cause or ground itself. It is a pure, indifferent identity that exists before the separation of subject and object, logic and existence.

    Source of freedom and creativity: Because it is not bound by pre-existing structures or reason, the Ungrund is inherently free and allows for the possibility of change and development. This freedom is the basis for creativity and action in both nature and the human being.

    Precedes reason: For Schelling, reason and rational structures are not the ultimate source of reality but rather emerge from this ungrounded source. The world contains a "preponderant mass of unreason," with the rational being merely secondary.

    A link between philosophies: The Ungrund serves as a bridge between Schelling's early philosophy of identity and his later division into negative and positive philosophies. It is introduced to explain the origin of difference and existence from a prior, non-dialectical unity.

    Connection to the divine: Schelling also uses the concept of the Ungrund in a theological context, suggesting that God has an inner ground that precedes existence, but that God is also the principle that gives rise to this ground, as seen in his discussions on freedom and God
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