All known instances of causation entail a cause that is temporally prior to the effect. How can something that is causally efficacious exist "beyond time"? This is a key premise and is in need of support.Our universe seems to have a absolute beginning of space-time, so that means causality must extend beyond time. — Devans99
Photons (which are quanta of the electromagnetic field) don't change. Rather, the energy of the field ripples across space.photons are timeless yet they change.
No problem with #1, but #2 is more precisely written as: base reality exists at all times.1. Something can’t come from nothing
2. So base reality must have always existed
Non sequitur. An initial state, with a potentially infinite future is not timeless.3. If base reality is permanent it must be timeless (to avoid an actual infinity of time)
The initial state constitutes a "start".4. Also something without a start cannot exist so time must have a start
non-sequitur.5. Time was created and exists within this permanent, timeless, base reality
No problem with #1, but #2 is more precisely written as: base reality exists at all times — Relativist
Abstractions (if we regard them as existing at all) exist timelessly, but they aren't causally efficacious. — Relativist
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