A test for benevolence is to see how much a person has sacrificed for you. As Jesus says, there is no greater love than laying down one's life for one's friends. In less extreme examples, if someone is devoting their time, money, and energy to you in a way that clearly imposes a cost on themselves, that is a clear sign that they value you. A public figure might tell the public the truth in a manner that has negative consequences for himself, which shows genuine concern for the public. Although, sometimes crafty people can feign self-sacrifice for malicious purposes. — Brendan Golledge
As for intelligence, you can look for a consistent record of success. — Brendan Golledge
On the Necessity of the Dunning Kruger Effect — Brendan Golledge
The Dunning–Kruger effect is a cognitive bias in which people with limited competence in a particular domain overestimate their abilities... the Dunning–Kruger effect is often misunderstood as a claim about general overconfidence of people with low intelligence instead of specific overconfidence of people unskilled at a particular task. — Wikipedia - Dunning Kreuger effect
I don't think the poster has misunderstood the Dunning-Kruger effect. And isn't Wikipedia written by those who fancy themselves experts in matters they have no expertise on? — Clearbury
People tend to hold overly favorable views of their abilities in many social and intellectual domains. The authors suggest that this overestimation occurs, in part, because people who are unskilled in these domains suffer a dual burden: Not only do these people reach erroneous conclusions and make unfortunate choices, but their incompetence robs them of the metacognitive ability to realize it. Across 4 studies, the authors found that participants scoring in the bottom quartile on tests of humor, grammar, and logic grossly overestimated their test performance and ability. — Dunning and Kreuger - Unskilled and unaware of it: how difficulties in recognizing one's own incompetence lead to inflated self-assessments
Dunning-Kruger effect, in psychology, a cognitive bias whereby people with limited knowledge or competence in a given intellectual or social domain greatly overestimate their own knowledge or competence in that domain relative to objective criteria or to the performance of their peers or of people in general. — Britannica
The Dunning-Kruger effect is a cognitive bias in which people wrongly overestimate their knowledge or ability in a specific area. — Psychology Today
The Dunning-Kruger effect is the idea that the least skilled people overestimate their abilities more than anyone else. This sounds convincing on the surface and makes for excellent comedy. But in a recent paper, my colleagues and I suggest that the mathematical approach used to show this effect may be incorrect. — Scientific American - The Dunning-Kruger Effect Isn’t What You Think It Is
I think there are margins here. For example, we can generally recognize when someone is a bit smarter than ourselves. It's just when someone is a lot smarter than ourselves that what they say may sound indistinguishable from what someone a lot dumber than ourselves may say - that is, both those much dumber than ourselves, and those much more intelligent than ourselves, will think in ways that seem quite alien to us.
Plus if I can recognize that Jane is a bit more intelligent than me, and Jane can recognize that Janet is a bit more intelligent than her, then even though Janet may be so much more intelligent than I am that I can't recognise it unassisted, I can learn that Janet is really clever and not dumb if, that is, Jane tells me she is. What Janet says will still sound like gibberish to me, but I now have it on an authority I can understand that this is because Janet is very clever, rather than because she's very stupid. — Clearbury
It's about who is more competent than whom in a specific area of expertise which may or may not have anything to do with intelligence, e.g. humor and grammar. — T Clark
it follows that if someone is stupid in general then they will overestimate their intelligence in general — Clearbury
This is a plain-reading of the DK effect in action. I see no issue. It is meaningful, identifiable and quite specific. — AmadeusD
I did defend myself (and the original poster). If someone lacking expertise in a particular area will likely overestimate their abilities in that area, then someone lacking expertise in every area will likely overestimate their abilities in every area. Thus, if someone is stupid across the board, they will think they're clever across the board. Thus, characterizing the DKE as involving stupid people overestimating their abilities is quite correct. — Clearbury
And isn't Wikipedia written by those who fancy themselves experts in matters they have no expertise on? — Clearbury
i wouldn't have thought an expert would write a wikipedia page - they're too busy being experts — Clearbury
the main point is that the DKE is accurately characterized as 'the stupider a person is, the less likely they are to realize how stupid they are' — Clearbury
DKE is accurately characterized as 'the stupider a person is, the less likely they are to realize how stupid they are' — Clearbury
DKE is accurately characterized as 'the stupider a person is, the less likely they are to realize how stupid they are'
— Clearbury
Not necessarily true. I have known stupid people who admit they are stupid and don't try to compete intellectually. But it's not the definition of DKE. — jgill
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