Does it have to be one thing? Does it even have to be specified? — Banno
what is it we are judging when judging a flavour on aesthetic grounds? — Banno
It bypasses induction - it doesn't make use of induction.
Induction tries to show that, given some beliefs f(a), f(b), and so on, we can induce Ux(fx) for some domain. This is invalid.
Ramsey instead says given f(a) and f(b), how much would you bet that f(c)? and develops a logic around this.
There's no claim that U(x)f(x) is true - no induction.
It replaces belief in a general law with a degree of belief, as used for an action. — Banno
This parallels the other discussion in this thread, again showing that we need not work with the general law, but can instead work with the local belief, contra Tim's apparent suggestion. — Banno
Anyway, here we are moving into the whole area of Bayesian epistemology, not a small step. — Banno
That sometimes folk sometimes bet poorly is as relevant as that folk sometimes will argue invalidly.
The degree of a belief is measured by the degree to which we are prepared to act on it. — Banno
But an art teacher cannot teach an art student "of" Derain's aesthetic, the visceral beauty of particular shapes and colours.
When stung by a wasp, I feel pain. I don't learn how to feel the pain.
When "stung" by a Derain, I feel an aesthetic, I don't learn how to feel the aesthetic. — RussellA
Even our reasoned deductions are based on aesthetic preferences. — RussellA
Right, more a turn of phrase (mine, not Danto's). It's meant to suggest the usual circumstances under which someone will point and say, "That can't be art because it isn't made of the right stuff, or made correctly." Danto argues that Duchamp and his ready-mades began the demonstration against this view, and Warhol put it permanently to bed. Conceptual art, too. — J
This conclusion deeply annoys people who equate art with a craft or skill. And it leaves a serious question -- what is techne, in the arts, if it can't be equated with art itself? I've written about this in various posts, relating to my practice as a musician. I think Danto is right and I'm upset that I can now make music without mastering skills that used to be de rigueur. My "art object" is not "made of the right stuff," according to the old view. It may be indiscernible nonetheless, compared to something that is made of the right stuff, and isn't that enough? But the difference in process, in the act of creating, is damn well discernible to the artist, and I don't like it.
What in thought goes beyond that to which it is bound
in its resistance is its freedom. It follows the expressive urge of the
subject. The need to give voice to suffering is the condition of all truth.
For suffering is the objectivity which weighs on the subject; what it
experiences as most subjective, its expression, is objectively mediated.
Great
philosophy was always accompanied by the paranoid zeal to tolerate
nothing but itself, and to pursue this with all the ruses of its reason,
while this constantly withdraws further and further from the pursuit.
If the moment of expression tries to be anything more, it
degenerates into a point of view; were it to relinquish the moment of
expression and the obligation of portrayal, it would converge with
science.
Aesthetics and ethics involve a direction of fit such that we change the world to match how we want things to be. This should be read as the reverse of what we do when talking about how things are, when we change the words we use to match how things are.
So an aesthetic opinion. will amount to a choice we make in our actions. Vanilla over chocolate. The preference is individual - we do not expect others to agree, and are happy for her to have chocolate rather than vanilla.
Ethics differs from this in that we do expect others to comply. Not kicking puppies is not just a preference - not just my choice, but a choice I expect others to make, too.
Given this framing, we can address the place of aesthetics in philosophy,
Some bits of philosophy are about how things are. On these, we should expect some general agreement. Other bits of philosophy may be how we chose things to be. And we might variously expect that others will agree, an ethics of philosophy; or we might simply be expressing our own preference: an aesthetics of philosophy.
There's a start. — Banno
Briefly and dogmatically, we can be pretty sure about our deductions; induction is deductively invalid; calling induction "abduction" doesn't make it valid. — Banno
But Ramsey's solution gives us something to work with. Instead of seeking justification for induction, he explains how we act as if inductive reasoning were valid. Wanna bet? If you say you believe the sun will rise tomorrow, wanna bet? How much? At what odds? Your willingness to stake something reveals your degree of belief, not some abstract epistemic warrant. Rationality, for Ramsey, isn’t about justifying beliefs from first principles, but about maintaining consistency between your beliefs and actions.
Davidson makes use of this in his latter work. — Banno
For my part, I just don't much like Kant's transcendental arguments. Fraught.
Genreral structure:
The only way we can have A is if B
We have A
Therefore, B
And that first premise is very hard to substantiate, very easy to break. — Banno
You probably know that Danto, in addition to promulgating his theories about the artworld, offered a frankly Hegelian picture of what art is. — J
It involves a move which is philosophical -- a process by which art comes to understand itself, to eliminate all the things that art is not. He showed, I think convincingly, that we can no longer equate art with any physical substrate, any thing which art must be in order to qualify. Art is a way of seeing; we declare what is art, we don't discover it. The "we" here is the subject of much debate, naturally. — J
(This applies to all the arts, not just visual arts, so substitute "way of hearing" for music.)
Don't you find that quite distasteful?
Davidson undermines this again, by denying one leg of the transcendental argument that leads to it. In this case, he'd say that it's not categories that are held constant, but truths. We interpret the utterances of others so as to maximise their truth. We don't need shared categories.
So it's not that we must think alike, but that we can try to understand others as if they were saying the same things we would. That’s a much more humane model of reason. — Banno
There is no standard by which the judge these things. — Patterner
. It is not an end in itself at the latter’s expense, but carries it
off out of the thingly bad state of affairs, for its part an object of
philosophical critique
Rather than "I Think..." as the only option in the transcendental argument, Davidson would reject a transcendental subject, having instead a triangulation between belief, world and meaning. — Banno
Is it really similar to how science does this? If it's not, does it still make sense? — Srap Tasmaner
That consensus might be all we have. — Banno
What have you found helpful? Has contact with others and activity helped or deepened the experince? — Tom Storm
I don't want to know why we experience depression in our lives. I already accepted that this comes and goes sooner or later. I believe it is key to try to live with this mental condition. — javi2541997
I don't think so. A better mental state is the state of peace. — MoK
Have you considered the possibility that you are not depressed, but that rather it is that the world is a bit shit? I have to say you don't come over as depressed, but as quite lively and animated. Is it all an act? — unenlightened
Why doesn't it resonate in everyone else? Lots of people don't want to hear Bach.
Does it have to do with how my neurons are set up? — Patterner
Perhaps for the same reason I love Bach, but Mozart doesn't do much for me. Or why I love chocolate, but don't bother with strawberry. There is no "why". I just do. I assume it's the same for philosophers. What one talks about fascinates, and what another talks about is meh. — Patterner
So if you had to summarise what disinterest is in relation to art, can you do it in two simple sentences? — Tom Storm