The existing (scientific) paradigms, especially the Theory of Evolution, can't be used to make sense of altruism (re The Selfish Gene, Richard Dawkins). That's all. — Agent Smith
Perhaps the natural sciences can't yet but that is not their purpose. In the social sciences on the other hand there have been attempts to construct elaborate models of thinking, culture, ethics; but as it seems humans have a hard time agreeing on things if they are not based on pure empirical observation, which is a phenomenon almost exclusive the natural sciences, that is in itself prone to human error. Perhaps science have dogmatically replaced God in your mind. But then I guess we all need something to believe is real not to fall into madness.
One who looks out for thier own interests at the expense of others is, quite literally, an idiot. — Banno
Back to the topic at hand, the Greek idiots. Humans are social animals. And most people have a desire (or whatever you want to call it) to be liked, at least by what they consider their community, which complicates things in modern society. I’m basing this on my common sense (who wants to be disliked by their people). Some are born without empathy, some lose it thought trauma and what not; psychopaths, narcissists, sociopaths. With that in mind; someone looking out for them self at the expense of others is an idiot given that the victim’s (for a lack of a better word) is part of the same community and understands what is happening. In this case the idiot will most likely be shunned by that community, and if it is a tightly knit one that could be really bad for the idiot. Example: "Nicholas, why did you say that? Everyone is gonna dislike you now you idiot?" - greek 300bc.
I’m thinking about some of the Native-American tribes pre conquest who had beautiful ethics for both human and animal, do no harm, live as one with nature etc. Being liked by some community and having a "good time" seems like something humans want in most cases, except for the occasional hermit. I don’t see how digging deeper into the cold biology of it makes this truth any more comprehensible. Even in a hypothetic Greek citystate filled with rapey, sadistic pigs, going against the norm is idiocy, in the context of social wellbeeing and survival. So yeah i'd say there is immense wisdom in that and that key here is the defintion of expence.
Like I mentioned the larger and more complex a system is, think globalized world and the internet, the same concept could be applied but everything gets much messier, because so many things could be considered right or wrong; ideology, values, beliefs, convictions. So, I guess a lack of understanding is what constitutes an idiot given the definition
provided, and it does oddly enough make sense in the context of human nature. For the average Greek 2008, the bankers were the idiots, the bankers just cashed out.
...when offered a choice like this (altruism) or that (selfishness), one must have the gumption to ask "why not both?" — Agent Smith
I’m a working-class guy living in the west, not a single mother of five working a factory in Bangladesh. To answer this question: because altruistic decency is better for everyone, it makes people happier. I fail to see how a world of purely egoistic identity derived pleasure helps the majority. What about the people who are, as you put it, biologically incapable to fend for themselves in this Sodom and Gomorra you dream of? Also most of what is cosider sick in this day and age was done, and is beeing done in the name of personal pleasue and selfishness. I dont see why we as a specie should exercise that muscel.