It seems to me people are attributing a little too much to this offensive. The fact that the captured territory was defended by tripwire troops implies it was not of any importance to Russia.

The only goal, in my opinion, that Ukraine has achieved is that it has signalled to the West to still be capable of offensives, in the hopes to garner more aid. An army that cannot conduct offensives is broken and has in essence already lost - an impression that certainly must have crept in with Western leaders after the failed Kherson offensive.

Put differently, the further we get from Jesus, the less apparent the Jewish roots of his teaching and the more it comes to resemble the pagan beliefs of Greece and Rome. — Fooloso4

Interesting, since I came to the opposite conclusion. The closer we get to the teachings of Jesus, Q, the more it seems to resemble classical Greek philosophy; Stoic, Cynic, Platonic - something completely different from Judaism.

If a moral teaching is doing what is already found in the tradition should the "great moral teaching" be attributed to the one who repeats it? — Fooloso4

The greatness of a moral teaching lies solely in the goodness of its contents. The person who repeats it, or even the person who invents it, are in my opinion not relevant at all to the worth of a teaching.

The moral teachings themselves, in distinction from the teachings about him, have much more in common with the teachings of the Jewish sects of his time than any differences we may find. — Fooloso4

They do not have that much in common with Judaism in general and at certain points can be even be considered polar opposites. (though maybe you are talking about specific branches of Judaism I do not know about).

Christianity has much more in common with classical Greek philosophy, especially (neo-)Platonism.

... even the Chairman of the Fed thought the economy was going to settle itself out of the COVID response without needing any unusual intervention. — Tate

If they believed no intervention was necessary then why did they print an unprecedented amount of money?

Perhaps they thought they could "kickstart" the economy, but oh boy were they wrong. If there was any hope of a quick recovery after covid they thoroughly killed it.

But I find it hard to imagine that was their reasoning, because if stimulation was their goal I believe they would have treaded more cautiously.

The thing is, they knew beforehand that raising interest rates to combat inflation was going to be exceedingly difficult. In Europe (different place in the world, but not completely unrelated) interest rates have been 0.0% and even negative for a while, and they're now going up by 0.5% here, 1.0% there - it's not enough. It's not enough by far, yet raising it further will push struggling companies over the edge and flip the economy on its back another time around.

This unhealthy situation (0.0% or negative interest is pure economic fantasy) was on the cards long before covid and Ukraine. Everyone knew if inflation were to skyrocket we'd be in trouble.

Against this backdrop, I struggle to find explanations for the Fed's actions.

Maybe so, but I'm not talking about what caused the financial crisis. I'm talking about the Fed's response, and why it cannot be compared with what the Fed is doing today.

A bunch of stuff. But I don't see how one cancels out the other. There was a financial crisis to solve, and a recession that followed. Maybe you can state your point clearly.

I think I know quite a bit. :chin:

Not exactly. It was responding to catastrophe in the financial sector. Since that sector has become central to the US economy, the government had no choice but to respond. — Tate

It responded to a major recession. Recession is a general slow down of the economy. A reduced demands can lead to deflation and it's been one of the key tasks of the Fed to ensure deflation is kept from worsening a recession further, or worse: ending up in a deflationary spiral. One way it can do so is by increasing the money supply.

In my view, this seems to fit the 2009 Fed response quite well. Today, is clearly quite different. Today the threat is not deflation, but inflation, and printing money will only worsen the situation.

The Fed was printing plenty of money in 2009 too. No inflation. — Xtrix

The difference is the Fed was then responding (correctly) to an economic recession. Now it's creating one!

The fact that he was not prosecuted does not mean there was no evidence of significant wrongdoing. — Fooloso4

How did that come about then?

Trump is a buffoon, but with each passing day this ordeal is looking more and more politically motivated. What'll be the reaction of those on this forum if no evidence of significant wrongdoing is produced? I fear it will be a simple "We'll get him next time", and that's very telling.

Ceaseless money printing is the elephant in the room. It isn't being addressed for political reasons.

For one, central governments and banks have no reason to admit being at fault. Economies are complex enough that it's always possible to find another patsy - financial markets, covid, the Ukraine war, etc. and let the next administration deal with it.

Second, money printing is instrumental to the survival of modern states because tax revenues do not cover state expenses, yet these states have gotten into the habit of spending a lot more than they bring in. Money printing is one of the ways this sand castle is kept standing. It's voter deception plain and simple, because the taxpayer pays for it, but it's never mentioned in any campaign plans. I wonder why?

Third, there are swathes of individuals who sense their preferred politicial systems hinge on this situation of overspending (and they'd even like to see more), so much like my first point, they find a patsy to deflect the blame.


Money printing can be fine, even desirable, to stimulate a growing economy. Economies cannot grow forever, though, and money printing is not a way to support irresponsible fiscal policy and towering government expenditure. It's like a person who has been living well beyond their means and does not wish to cut back. In a sense, states cannot cut back, because they've built a house of cards ontop of this situation. So in reality what's left is to wait for the reaper to come and collect his due.

I think intuition and/or instinct can provide some starting points for morality, but I find the idea that it can provide a basis for morality unconvincing. Plainly following instinct frequently leads to actions that are irreconcilable with any moral code or system.

Instinct may provide us with the basic goal of man - all individuals are instinctually driven towards being happy and content. (Plato's "All men desire the Good")

It is then reason, rationality and wisdom that guide our actions to be in accordance with that goal. I believe that is what morality is.

We tend to see morality as altruistic. I disagree with this. I believe morality is inherently 'selfish', but by acting in ways that are in one's true self-interest, one inevitably becomes a positive force to all around them. Selfishness and selflessness become the same.

As economic growth relies on cheap energy, it will halt and this will eventually also crash our economy because it is essentially set up around the idea of perpetual growth. — ChatteringMonkey

This is a pretty common idea, but what is exactly the logic behind it?

What is the exact mechanism that requires modern economies to grow in order to be considered healthy?

Perpetual growth seems more like a demand of governments that need to compete with their peers (think for example the US-China rivalry; to stand still is to lag behind), compensation for extremely irresponsible fiscal policy and monetary policy and to keep afloat a system of social security that is not economically feasible in the long run.

Just some questions / thoughts your comment raised in me.

I believe global warming is the greatest threat to mankind. — SackofPotatoeJam

I think mankind will be just fine, with or without global warming. It's perhaps the current status quo that will have to go - something for which I won't shed a single tear.

Personally, I am much more worried about pollution.

Further, it seems to me the climate debate has become increasingly politicized and securitized; two things that generally achieve the opposite of solving a problem. In a discussion so rife with ulterior motives I find it hard to trust anything that's being said.

For example, where I live the government has started to disown farmers on a large-scale, supposedly to reduce emmissions. However, it's a poorly-kept secret that the ruling political elite have long wanted to cut down the agriculture sector. So 'climate' has simply become a stick to beat farmers with.

This type of corruption fuels my skepticism.

As the summer hits, and especially for the last few years, I feel more and more uncomfortable going outside. I think most people would agree, i think it's undeniable. — SackofPotatoeJam

I'm not sure where you live. I live in a temperate climate and people complain about the same thing. At the same time, we've had heat waves to upwards of 38 degrees Celcius as long as I can remember. Personally I think it has more to do with the fact that we're so pampered with luxuries like airconditioning and temperate-regulated homes, that we're diminishing our bodies' natural ability to regulate temperature. That also happens as a natural result of getting older, and people are on average getting older.


All of this isn't to say the climate isn't changing. The climate has always been changing. I'm skeptical about the alarmism.

At this point US politics seems so utterly corrupt and devoid of reason, I find it hard to imagine why anyone with a brain would willingly defend either side.

I think that the future effects of global social media and its resultant global organisation of the masses will drown out such small minority self-serving individuals. — universeness

Won't those just be bought and paid for by those same self-serving individuals, like most media is today?

Though, I think today we're seeing a challenge by more independent and critical news outlets. Lots of independent podcasters and people making their voice heard and gathering a following. It's a good trend. If it can withstand the powers that be remains to be soon, though.

It's worrying to me how quickly things like freedom of speech end up on the chopping block when it suits the powerful, and what worries me even more is how easily people accept it.

There is a great deal of historical evidence to back-up what you type here but I don't think it will be ever thus. Social justice and an acceptable level of economic parity has been fought for since we left the wilds. Progress has been slow, but there has been clear, undeniable progress and 2022 years or even 10,000 years of tears is only a few seconds in the cosmic calendar. — universeness

There has been some progress. That's fair enough.

I actually support getting rid of all concepts of nationhood and I support world government. Perhaps the biggest hierarchy possible on the planet is the best way to go. Who will we compete with when we are united as one planet and one species? — universeness

Playing the advocate of the devil here; wouldn't world domination be the wet dream of any uncivilized savage?

Do you really think that the human race is powerless to change this? — universeness

If you mean the fact that the disagreeable, competitive, competent types get to rule, yes, I think mankind is unable to change that except if it somehow this personality type would cease to exist.

They excel by nature at accruing wealth and/or power, and it seems impossible to prevent this from happening because to do so would mean one has to employ coercive measures, and that power then has to be wielded by someone - who is going to do that? The exact same type of person.

Would this system not offer a better way to do politics in the UK? — universeness

I'm not that familiar with the UK system, but reading your idea I like the idea of not allowing political parties. At the same time I'm not sure if the formation of political parties is another natural tendency within human politics, which will just find another outlet in an unforeseen way.

And while this isn't a criticism of your idea, I would note the following:
- No system is immune to corruption. It seems even systems that disemminate power, feature short terms and plenty of checks & balances, etc. eventually fall to corruption.

- Decentralized systems are, in my eyes, more legitimate. However, they also tend to be less efficient. When a system comes under pressure of crises, often the drive towards greater efficiency trumps all else, and power is allowed to centralize. That centralization concentrates power in the hands of fewer people, and will speed up the process of corruption. Additionally, taking this power away again rarely happens, not in the least because those in power will try to consolidate.


It seems to me that mankind is a slave to power dynamics, and that the best we can hope for is to delay the inevitable.

The rich are indeed a product of the 'law of the jungle rules' and this is one of the main reasons why the majority of the worlds population continue to suffer under that exact uncivilised, savage law. — universeness

Perhaps that is true, but it is also unavoidable. At the top of the pyramid, anarchy reigns, and people who excel at accumulating wealth and/or power almost always exhibit disagreeable, competitive traits. Hence the law of the jungle.

The question is whether we want these uncivilized savages to compete over wealth or over actual coercive power.

The more we transfer power to government, the more the emphasis will be on uncivilized savages (politicians) competing over the coercive power of government.

The more we transfer power away from government, the more the emphasis will be on the uncivilized savages ('the rich') competing over wealth.

When it comes down to it, there aren't many more flavors and it's a shit sandwich either way.

Among many critics of capitalism there seems to be the idea that somehow the uncivilized savages will behave in a more agreeable fashion when they're given power over government, but I fear the opposite is true. I think pretty much without exception, powerful governments have plunged into depravity.

Inflation as caused by the increase in the quantity of a currency ('money printing') is a form of devaluation or debasement of currency. It's quite literally a hidden tax.

So there's not much difference, really. That may have been your point.

Have you watched any of Desmet's interviews or read his work? This is one of the exact phenomena he talks about and he terms it "free-floating aggression and anxiety", basically aggression and anxiety for which there does not seem to be a clear cause. The individual simply feels it and does not know why it is there.

It's this aggression and anxiety that can find an outlet through political narratives, for example.

One of the reasons for the increase in free-floating aggression and anxiety that Desmet observes, is the increase in people who feel lonely and socially isolated or 'atomized'.

It's very interesting stuff.

Desmet is worried to bits about what scientists once had to face - authoritarianism vis-à-vis truth. — Agent Smith

That's exactly right!

He quotes Hannah Arendt extensively.

I'm going to go out on a limb here and assume you've never read anything by Desmet, nor watched any of his interviews.

So what is it really you're doing?

Government is an instrument of force, and thus inherently ethically flawed and unsuited to apply a system of ethics.

In my opinion, governments can only justify their existence by preventing a more forceful system from taking over, and should therefore be chiefly concerned with exercising no more power than is strictly necessary.

Every right a government ascribes to its citizens needs to be weighed carefully, because it will inherently require the exercise of force to provide this right.

Every right for citizens to be provided with things necessarily requires other citizens to be forced to provide those things.

Isn't that a big part of what writers do, though? Synthesize works from different writers and turn them into something that sheds light on contemporary issues?

But if you're not interested in discussing the topic don't let me keep you.

The title was meant to tickle, of course. Thanks!

This is a caricature of what most scientists and scientifically literate laypersons actually believe. For instance, a cake recipe cannot "be reduced" to the wavefunction of the cake's quantum constituents. Desmet is strawmanning modern science. — 180 Proof

Desmet does not claim that this world view is particularly prevalent among scientists, nor is it meant to be an attack on modern science. I've tried to make that clear on multiple occasions in this thread.

The mechanistic world view as described by Desmet seems more prevalent in politics and the semi-scientifically literate masses. Scientists usually are aware of the limitations of science, and a lot more nuanced. I think nuance is one of the things that is so lacking in the mechanistic world view.

It's one of the things that characterizes the mechanistic worldview.

The idea that through science everything can be reduced to a mathematical equation, and the things that seemingly cannot be reduced to a mathematical equation will be reducable in time.

Essentially, that everything can be reduced to a machine or a mechanism.

If you're interested in hearing more, I would look up some interviews or books by Mattias Desmet. I can provide links to those.

What Desmet tries to convey is that science has a lot of limitations - limitations that science itself shows to us through certain fields of study (quantum physics, complex systems theory). Even gravity runs into such limitations. G, the gravitational constant, is an irrational number.

I would disagree that the mechanistic world view is an inevitable consequence of science. It essentially departs from science by extrapolating scientific achievements into the future.

Nothing I said was motivated by something you said in that thread. I haven't really been following that thread, so I'm not sure what was deleted of yours from there. — Hanover

:up:

I also don't have much sympathy for any bad actor who tries to justify his or her bad acts on the basis of what a moderator might do. We're all adults who know right from wrong, and the vast majority of posters are able to behave consistently without reacting to perceived hypocrisy and double standards by responding in kind. That is, levy your complaints if you think a mod is out of line. We'll deal with that. But just because Hanover might act a fool, doesn't mean you get to too.

Of course, this last paragraph was not directed to you as in you, but just to other comments in this thread. — Hanover

Does this concern my removed comment in the Climate Change thread?

I see the argument for some leniency in regards to tempers flaring in political discussion, but to that end I will make two remarks:

1. Those who think they're tough enough to be dishing it out should be prepared to recieve, moderator or no.

2. There can be no double standard - no skewed application of this principle in favor of more accepted opinions over others.

And at the same time, while I think some inflamation is understandable, I think it is in every context undesirable. This is a philosophy forum after all, and not some public square where we're throwing rotten vegetables at each other.

Personally I think moderators should be exempt from this, and should be expected to behave properly no matter what thread they post on. This is simply because impartial, fair exercise of authority and emotion do not mix, at all. It reflects badly not only on themselves, but on TPF as a whole, and it will quickly create the impression of biased moderation.

Anyhow, that's all I have to say about it. No need to spend pages discussing a single removed post, I'm sure you'll agree.

However, it's the implications I find worrying.

I hear what you are saying, but I believe such behavior should be called out and challenged publicly, not in some forgotten and invisible corner of this forum.

Moderators should be expected to act with a degree of impartiality and proper conduct.

Additionally, I find it hard to see how you characterize my (well-deserved) poke at Xtrix as a 'clear insult', and see no issue with a page-long beatdown he launched at another poster.

Thanks for sticking up for me . :up:

And I agree with you fully - to launch an angry, highly disrespectful rant on another poster and then to delete messages that confront you with your behavior is clearly applying a double standard, and unfair.


I don't see why my participation in that thread has anything to do with calling moderators out on disrespectful behavior. I do follow that thread and have posted on it more than once, but I'd call out this type of behavior even if I hadn't.

And my remark was pretty tame. A little tongue-in-check holding up a mirror at our friend here.

Perhaps his inability to fathom @god must be an atheist's ego goes a long way in explaining his massive blind spot for his own. :snicker:


I'm just trying to do my part to stop this forum from degenerating into a new adaption of Lord of the Flies.

I appreciate the kind words.

Sounds like regular ol' racism/sexism to me.

What good would it do you know that someone is on the Asperger’s spectrum? — Joshs

I'd argue it wouldn't do much good to make assumptions about a person about which all one knows is that they have Asperger's either. All it requires is to delay judgement until after one has met the person, because then one has met the true person, and not a generalized image in one's mind.

But lets for a minute assume that this person indeed has Asperger's, so the bit of information we know about this person is accurate. That only gives us a very small piece of specific information about this person. It's a clinical diagnosis, and nothing more. Does it give us any real insight into the true nature of this person? No.

Similarly, biological sex gives us some information, but again does it give any real insight?

Gay men and women, myself included , can profoundly benefit from learning that certain ways of acting that alienated us from heterosexual peers when we were growing up , that made us feel different and freakish, were not unique to us, and that there was a community where we could feel normal. — Joshs

I don't know anything about that, sorry.

Just knowing that the person you are about to meet is gay may not make any difference to you in getting to know them, but what if you have had encounters with men who acted in ways that were extremely flamboyant and effeminate? And let’s say that this made you angry and disgusted , because you assumed that they were putting on a deliberate act that was childish or silly? I know a number of people like this. — Joshs

That's exactly the issue, isn't it? It's the other side of the same coin.

Usually generalizations are pretty unhelpful in personal interaction, but sometimes they can be downright destructive.

To understand that there is an inborn perceptual-affective style that can account for hyper-femininity in men can make a huge difference in one’s attitude toward someone who one assumes is ‘putting on an act’. It also makes one really that pen’s own personality involves it’s own gender style. that pervades every aspect of one’s social dealings. Knowing this about oneself can allow one to build a bridge between one’s own style and that of someone with a very different inborn gender. But denying that there is such a thing as inborn perceptual-affective gender style, or insisting that all forms of gender behavior are socially constructed as some do, makes it impossible for one to build that bridge. One misses the overarching pattern organizing the particulars of inborn gender behavior and treats every action as arbitrary and conditioned by peers — Joshs

I don't quite understand your point.

If through interaction with a person one recognizes patterns, I don't see what that has to do with identity labels and generalizations. Surely it wouldn't be right to assume those patterns exist before one has met the person? Again, it seems to me the true nature of someone can only be explored through real interaction, and not through the generalized images which make up identities.

We know valuable aspects of their style of approaching the world that allow us to engage with them in more intimate ways than we could have otherwise. This is precisely why, as a gay man , I have always found myself gravitating to other gay men , not because of sexual attraction, but because of a common affective-perceptual ‘style’. — Joshs

I disagree.

I will insist that if all I know about someone was the fact that they were gay, I would still know very little about the actual person.

This doesn’t deprive me of my ability to to relate to many other kinds of groups, and it is not a narrow pigeonholing of people. — Joshs

Well, this isn't me throwing an accusation at you, so don't take any of this personal.

I'm pointing out a logical inconsistency which is almost the norm for human interaction (but no less problematic).

Suppose for example that I am going to meet a man, and all I know about them is that they are gay.

What good would it do to assume they have a particular sort of style, as you say, without ever having met the person?

Are there no robust , relatively stable and consistent. aspects of personality style that we carry with us our whole lives? Could we say that Asperger’s is a kind of personality style( as opposed to a disorder or pathology , a characterization many strongly oppose). Or Wilson’s syndrome, which has a cluster of personality traits associated with it, such as extroversion and musicality?

So why not look at gender , or at least the inborn brain-wired aspects of gender as robust personality features? — Joshs

I think this is a very alluring trap to fall into, but my answer would be 'no'.

Let us suppose all we know about someone is their gender (or their nationality, or that they suffer from some mental quirk, etc.).

What can we really say we now know about this person in regards of who they are as a person?

Nothing!

Of course, we're invited to make a whole slew of generalizations, probably based on statistical probabilities, but those have no use in the context of the unique individual we are considering.

That's really all these labels provide us with - generalizations (that is to say, inaccurate simplifications of reality). Useful in some contexts, but not on the level of the personal.

The crudest way of putting it, is that identity is one of the many masks of the ego, and illusory. Gender is just one of the many attributes we use to dress up this image of ourselves in our mind. Nationality, gender, ethnicity, religion, favorite football team, etc. All essentially made up, except for perhaps minor biological factors which are generally meaningless.

It's an attempt at self-discovery by trying to explain the self through external means. It attempts to discover the self by connecting to a collective, and therefore fundamentally misses its mark.

The easiest would be for us to do away with the nasty thing altogether, and abandon these efforts to create a surrogate self, and accept only the real thing. Sadly, it seems the drive for self-definition is stronger than our sense of reason.