Does every being have value? Well, perhaps "every being has value" is very broad. So, at least, does every human being have value? And, it seems that having value is different from "being an end in itself", which you say. I just feel that a being, or at least, we, must have some value, or otherwise these beings are worthless and ridiculous. I am anxious to find value for myself (in a philosophical sense, not about money, success or something else), or otherwise I will think I am ridiculous.