A quote from Tarskian
I guess it depends one what kind of societies we’re talking about. A common trick is to conflate a state or nation as a society. I just don’t know how one consider such an aggregate of human beings a “society”, so I’ll stick to the simpler ones.
A natural society, to me, is kinship. It consists of people we know: family, friends, those we trade with, or otherwise deal with on a consistent basis. The activity that operates here is premised on largely social and voluntary cooperation. The hierarchies developed in such a situation, should there be any, are honed by experience and necessity, for instance the hierarchy of the family. Kinship develops naturally through association and common enterprise. Authority here is legitimate. These kinds of relationships are available to anyone, are visible everywhere, and are not just the remnants of Hunter/gatherers and savages.
An artificial society, to me, is one defined purely by dictate, for instance by law. It consists largely of people we do not know, will never know, and never have to deal with. The activity that operates here is premised on involuntary and anti-social cooperation, enforced as it is by coercion and punishment. The hierarchies developed in such a situation are contrived, imposed, and enforced, for instance the hierarchy of the state. A artificial society doesn’t develop out of association and mutual enterprise, but through conquest. Authority here is illegitimate.
That’s the only distinction between “natural” and “artificial” societies I’ve been making.
Remember that Aristotle thought the relationships between master and slave were natural. Do you?