Comments

  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    (Or it's "more likely" that the 3% are bought off by fossil fuel interests -- which indeed is the case. It's also "more likely" that the small group of Creationists who argue for a Biblical flood are influenced by religious beliefs. But you go with those guys.)Xtrix
    Yeah, come to think of it, that sounds more likely. I concede the point. :up:
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    So you'd also go with the 3 martial artists over the 97. In other words, you're an imbecile. Fair enough. Stick with it.Xtrix
    Yes. If someone said there is a match of 3 martial artists vs 97, and told me I could not know anything else about the match, and asked me to place a bet, I would think its likely a set up and place my bet on the 3. Probably the 3 have some unfair advantage that wasn't stated. Seems pretty obvious to me.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    The question, to take the obvious case, is: do we, as laymen, knowing nothing else (a crucial point which you continually want to divert from), go with the overwhelming scientific consensus on climate change, or do we go with the minority view? The 97% or the 3%?Xtrix
    I haven't researched this issue, but I'd go with the 3% because its more likely the majority is influenced by group think, while the minority are better at thinking out side of the box (less biased and influenced by peer pressure)
    Call me a crazy conspiracy theorist, if you will.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers

    Here is another example.
    Two martial arts experts vs 1 martial arts expert.
    Which side is more likely to win, if that is all we know?
    Answer: It depends. Are they at an equal level of expertise? Are they all in their prime?
    Two fifty year old small built martial artists may be no match for one 25 year old huge built martial artist. We don't just get to assume an equal playing field because all of them have the same title of Martial Arts Expert

    There is this myth that the world of Science doesn't work like other fields. That in science everything is clear cut and absolute and simple. I am challenging that myth.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers

    You don't seem to understand what a big factor unknown variables play in probability theory.
    Are two writers working together on a book more likely to write a best seller than 1 writer working alone?
    I imagine you do, which means you are assuming a bunch of variables without warrant.
    Some writers, scientists, etc, work better alone. Joint efforts can work better in some cases, especially when the answer is predetermined and proof readers are just checking for commonly known mistakes. I don't deny that more is more when more is more, but its not always. Some times more is not more, and sometimes less is more. The answer before enough variables are known is: It depends.
  • Against Stupidity
    Give up all aspiration for self-improvement? That seems like the zenith, or should I say nadir, of stupidity. If you had said 'surrender trying to appear smart' I could agree.Janus
    I'm an expert on stupidity, you are not. Don't question me.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    Do you know what an expert is? Or what the designation means? I ask because it appears you do not.tim wood
    Webster:
    Expert 1. One with the special skill or knowledge representing mastery of a particular subject
    I find the word representing interesting here. I'm not sure what it means here.
    Anyway, I've read about the process of Mastery. From what I understand Mastery is never fully achieved. It is something one passionately dedicated to a topic, field, discipline, sport, whatever constantly strives for, and in the process achieves a comparatively high level of greatness at/in that field. But what I read may be wrong. Perhaps Mastery is possible. But I do suspect it may be somewhat uncommon(which may be the point), and I think everyone has room for improvement, even the experts.

    I don't know how good at something one has to be to be justifiably labelled an expert. I tend to think of it, as with many words, in degrees. From 0-100% skill/knowledge. But its not so easy to determine at what percentage of skill you are at, at least in some fields, and again, what percentage of skill is enough to be labelled an Expert/Master. is 80% enough or should it be in the 90% or higher?

    The essence is this. An expert may be presumed, in terms of his or her personal understanding and knowledge, to be at or near the limit of what in his area of expertise can be known or understood.tim wood
    1. Sorry if I'm being overly picky, but what exactly do you mean by 'presumed'? And is the presumption a necessary part of the definition, or a necessary aspect to determine an expert?
    2. How do we determine what the limit is of what can be known and understood?
    3. How do we test if someone has arrived at this limit or near this limit?

    Thus if something can be known or understood, then on that at least experts should agree.tim wood
    I don't understand. The experts should agree on what can be known and understood? Until I understand, this, I don't understand how further down you reached the conclusion that a majority of expert agreement is itself compelling. If what I said is what you meant, then I don't see why experts should necessarily agree on what can be known or understood.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    the amount of experts on either side of a position does not tell us who is more likely to be right, — Yohan
    It does exactly that.
    Xtrix
    Then explain how. I gave a detailed explanation. Show where I made an error, if you want. I am always open to being proven wrong. I hope I do get proven wrong because then it will mean I have learned something.

    I didn't say we have no way of telling what is true if there are experts on both sides of a position. I said if there are more experts on one side, and less but still some on the other side, that that isn't enough information to reach a conclusion about which is more likely to be right.

    Probability is more nuanced than that.

    Here is quick test for you. If 2 experts believe Y is true, and 1 expert believes Y is false, is it TWICE as likely that the 2 experts are right and the 1 expert is wrong? Please be honest here.

    If you're going to abstractly, academically philosophize, then do it, instead of being foolish. Xtrix makes the case already, but I'll add that you have not troubled to think about what an expert is, how they work, or how they think, as experts.tim wood
    I was saying that in a tongue and cheek way. I don't think I am being especially abstract. I don't know what case you are referring to. Xtrix when called out on circular reasoning called what he claimed "essentially a truism."
    Anyway, what experts are you referring to? If you are claiming I am not an expert on experts, you are right. Are you? What I do know, is that often experts come to different conclusions, and therefor I cannot always trust someone to give me the right conclusion just on the knowledge that they are experts alone. Thanks.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    By the way, ad verecundiam/populum isn't quite applicable here. The world (nature, evidence) is the authority here anyway, that's what subject matter experts point at
    I decided to respond. Xtrix can ignore this post if he is not interested in my abstract academic philosophizing.

    Experts don't always agree, and when they don't, the amount of experts on either side of a position does not tell us who is more likely to be right, because when both sides are experts, the expert status ceases to hold weight when compared to the opposition of an equal expert.

    Just as the shared opinion of 99 laymen are not more likely to be right than the opinion of 1 laymen, so the shared opinion of 99 experts is not more likely to be right than 1 expert.

    I think that is straight-forward, but I'll go into more detail in an attempt to cement it:
    If the expertise level of each laymen is only at a roughly 1-10 percent level, then no matter how many laymen agree something is true, it will not be based on a greater percent level of expertise than 10 max.
    It's possible that of the 99 laymen, none in the group exceeds a level of expertise higher than 9, as 9 may be unusually high for a laymen. And it's possible that the one laymen who came to a different conclusion than them, reached a different conclusion because he did significantly extra research to bring his expertise level to 10...and that 1% increase in knowledge made him come to a more informed conclusion. Just 1 percent more knowledge could give a vital piece of knowledge that changes one's conclusion.

    So the same sort of thing can be at play with the 99 experts vs the 1 expert. We don't know why that 1 expert reached a different conclusion. It could be that the 1 expert is stupider, has a hidden agenda, or a lower level expertise, or it could be that he is smarter, more sincere, or a higher level expert. Until we know, I don't know what a justification could be for betting on the the majority of experts.
  • Self referencce paradoxes
    The part that refers cannot be referred to while referring. Indeed. But what's so important about tha?Gobuddygo
    I think some of the apparent paradoxes are due to talking as if self-reference were happening.

    Making a prediction cannot be part of that what is to be predicted.Gobuddygo
    Sounds right, but kind of unrelated?

    That's right. And this is an indication of the inherent ambiguity within "pointing". To clarify, and resolve the ambiguity, we need to ask, 'what are you pointing at, and the pointer must provide further context to ensure that the person being shown the thing interprets the pointing in the same way as the person pointing.Metaphysician Undercover
    Not sure what you mean by further context exactly, but yeah I guess if I am trying to communicate something to someone I have to make sure we agree on meanings, or else the meaning will only be for myself.
  • Self referencce paradoxes
    When you use the mirror, doesn't the tip of your finger point at itself through the means of reflection? Can't a pointing be reflected?Metaphysician Undercover
    A mirror image of my finger is not my finger, so if we are very technical, we can still say no.
    But I guess we can say this is a way the finger can indirectly point at itself, or refer to itself. But this would be me assigning meaning to my finger as pointing, and then further assigning meaning to the image in the mirror as pointing.
    You would have to ask me if I am intending to point at the mirror, the imagine in the mirror, or am using the mirror to point my finger at itself.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    You were never serious about questioning the experts, nor are you an expert yourself.Xtrix
    I was never serious about questioning which experts?
    Of course I'm not an expert. Are you?
    Any sophomoric question you have are out there for experts to answer, and they have -- and it's all over the internet. newspapers, the internet, and at your doctor's office.Xtrix
    Including answers to ethical questions on vaccine mandates? Which medical ethicists should I trust, because I am pretty sure its not 99% who think vaccines should be mandated? But anyway, I thought I'm not qualified to judge if their answers are compelling or not because I'm a layman?
  • Against Stupidity
    I am a low level expert on stupidity.
    My anti-stupid advice is pretty simple. But first, my favorite topic, malcontentment. Of which I am notan expert at, but... there is a tendency where the more one is attached to being content, the more malcontent one is. While the more one embraces contentment as ephemeral, the more contented one will tend to be. My advice is to apply this same principle when it comes to stupidity. Surrender trying to be smart.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    We can always abstract things into irrelevance, cutting some corners/particulars here and there. We still have to deal with the current outbreak..jorndoe
    By the way, ad verecundiam/populum isn't quite applicable here. The world (nature, evidence) is the authority here anyway, that's what subject matter experts point at.
    I don't think I want to continue to line of thought any more.
    I'm interested in questioning if the experts are worthy of trust.
    Until I see that someone is actually open to questioning their chosen experts, why waste time if I'm gonna be replied to with platitudes, comparison to flat earthers and climate change deniars etc
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    As laymen, it’s prudent to listen to the consensus of experts. This is so commonsensical it’s essentially a truism. If you want to have an abstract, academic conversation about it, I’m not interested.Xtrix
    Thanks for only sharing this now. Could have saved mine and others time, I imagine.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    It does. That's not what "begging the question" means. I wonder if you and AJJ are the same person.Xtrix
    "begging the question occurs when an argument's premises assume the truth of the conclusion, instead of supporting it."
    Why is it more likely the majority is right? Because the majority is greater in number, there is a higher probability they are right.
    Is that not the gist of your argument? If you would rather call that circular reasoning, I'm ok with that.
    The important point is that you haven't offered an argument that doesn't assume your conclusion is right.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    99 doctors tell you you need surgery on your heart or else you'll probably die, and 1 says you shouldn't -- knowing nothing else, what do you do? (Assuming you want to continue living.)

    Seems like an extreme example -- but that's exactly the level we're at with, again, climate change. (Actually it's said to be around 97%, but other studies have it higher, and I suspect it is.)

    I'll give away the answer: you go with the 99% of doctors. It's as simple as gambling: do we put all our money on an event that wins 99% of the time, or not? Of course we go with the greater chances of success -- again, assuming we wish to win money and not lose money.
    Xtrix
    You beg the question that the majority of scientists are more likely to be right. If we don't know anything else except the amount of doctors that advocate for surgery vs the amount that don't , that doesn't tell us who is more likely to be right.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    99 doctors to 1 doesn't translate to 99% odds, not if all we know is that they are doctors. — Yohan
    :roll:
    Yes, but that’s not the question.
    Xtrix
    Did I confuse questions?
  • Self referencce paradoxes
    What about that mirror thing? It's pretty freaky. Just remember to account for the inversion or you'll get all fucked up. The mirror image is said to be identical, because it has the same chirality, but's really not identical because it is a reflection.Metaphysician Undercover
    I am not the man in the mirror? I am not looking at myself looking at myself?
  • Self referencce paradoxes
    Another way to think about this. Reality contains everything, but reality is not contained by anything. I can point to things in reality, but I can't point to the container of everything.
  • Self referencce paradoxes
    @SoftEdgedWonder
    I can use a mirror to indirectly observe what my face looks like. Indirect self knowledge is possible. My point is that some part of the reference-er cannot refer directly at itself.
  • Self referencce paradoxes
    My two rules are: — Yohanthen:
    Agents cannot refer to themselves. — Yohan
    — Banno
    I can use my finger to point at my body, but I can't point the tip of my finger at itself.
  • Self referencce paradoxes
    My two rules are:
    Only agents can refer to anything. (reference is a form of thought)
    Agents cannot refer to themselves. (A finger can only point away from itself)
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    How do we know that going with the majority of experts is more likely to be true, or more likely to give us the results we want?Xtrix
    Yeah, how? I don't think you gave a reason in what preceded this question. 99 doctors to 1 doesn't translate to 99% odds, not if all we know is that they are doctors. If the 99 doctors, when I ask them how they know heart surgery is the best bet, respond with something like "That's just how its done. I am following what I was taught in medical school". Then I will doubt their wisdom. If the 1 doctor who recommends an alternative to heart surgery, and gives explanations that make sense to me and examples of former satisfied clients, I may trust him over the 99 doctors. Not necessarily, but there is a chance. I have personal experience of family who have not listened to medical experts and came out well of it. On the other hand, this same family member later in life agreed to preventative heart surgery. In other words, he had no issue, but his doctor recommended it as a precautionary measure because of his age. He took the surgery and it severely compromised the quality of his life as a result.
    I suppose in the doctor's opinion, the risk of side effects from the surgery were less than the risks of having future heart issues... but its hard to believe the doctor was right about which decision is more rational when the results didn't turn out in this family member's favor.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    You're in no position to judge if it's more or less compelling.Xtrix
    Am I in a position to determine who I can and cannot trust?
    If two experts are not in agreement, is it always safer to bet on the expert who has more experts agreeing with them?
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    Also, there is nothing inherently irrational with being in concurrence with the overwhelming scientific consensus. — Yohan
    I agree.
    Xtrix
    There is also nothing inherently irrational with not being in concurrence with the overwhelming scientific consensus.

    You're in no position to judge if it's more or less compelling. Which is why plenty of people get sucked into Alex Jones. He's very compelling, too.Xtrix
    I talk about minority experts and bring up as an example, Alex Jones?
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    You think it's a truism, but it isn't. It treats everything as if there are "two sides," and there aren't. Are there really "two sides" to whether the earth is flat? No. Also, even in less extreme examples, like with climate change, where one person is in concurrence with the overwhelming scientific consensus and the other isn't, it's completely misleading to suggest they're equally irrational.Xtrix
    I am speaking of motives or attitudes. Not views.
    Also, there is nothing inherently irrational with being in concurrence with the overwhelming scientific consensus. Group think can infect any institution.
    I meant to say that both sides, those who are married to mainstream narratives, and those married to counter-mainstream narratives can both be immune to facts. — Yohan
    Both are non-experts who choose who they trust. .
    Xtrix
    Some experts are counter-mainstream narrative.
    If one trusts the overwhelming scientific or medical consensus, that's simply a better choice than the other non-expert who chooses to trust Internet conspiracy theories.Xtrix
    If a minority expert offers more compelling arguments for their views than the "overwhelming scientific or medical consensus" than it is rational believe them.
    Using the word 'simply' is a red flag for me, btw. Often it means someone is trying to make a nuanced case appear simpler than it is.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    This is misleading. Try arguing both-sides to the flat earth “debate.” It simply looks ridiculous there.Xtrix
    I stated a truism. I'm not misleading
    But most of the time, our real choice lies in who we deem trustworthy— because we can’t be questioning everything at all times, and we can’t do “deep dives” into every medical, mechanical, scientific, or physical issue that we face— we rely on those with the requisite experience, knowledge, expertise to guide us as we get on with our lives.Xtrix
    It's good to keep a level of skepticism for all people at all times.. Because basically nobody is totally rational or virtuous.
    To argue that both sides are equally irrational is irrational.Xtrix
    I meant to say that both sides, those who are married to mainstream narratives, and those married to counter-mainstream narratives can both be immune to facts. Being married to a narrative is irrational in itself. Why marry any narrative?
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers

    Irrational over-trust vs irrational under-trust.
    Both sides can be immune to facts and a waste of time.
  • What is a Fact?
    We live on the surface of a planet surrounded by gaseous nitrogen within a temperature range between -10 C and 50C and able to perceive a limited range of sound waves and electromagnetic radiation yet the Andromeda Galaxy, x-rays, and quarks are part of our world.T Clark
    To me this sounds very clunky. Do you think all of reality is clunky? To me its like rocks and dirt. All these technical things. Part of being in the dirt. I'd rather be the bird.
  • What is a Fact?
    Neither of us. The idea of "world" as we are using it is a metaphysical term. As such, it is not right or wrong, only useful or not in a particular situation. It's just our different ways of looking at the same thing.T Clark
    I don't see it as a metaphysical term. Metaphysics is reductive, leading to essence. The sensory experience is appearance, emergent, and relative to the experiencer. It's truths are inductive, and its here that we hope for effective maps.
    An earth worms world is dirt. A bird's world is the sky. Dirt and sky are not the same thing thought about differently.
  • What is a Fact?
    I often say "There's only one world," so, clearly I disagree. There are, on the other hand, lots of ways to think, talk about it. I think humans, men and women, are much more alike than different. Ditto with people with different languages and cultures. It may take some work, but we can understand each other.T Clark
    In my world there are many worlds. In your world there is one.
    Who is right.
    Well, it depends. If we use the analogy of a house...I consider every room in the house a world. Perhaps you say only the whole house is a world. I would then argue that what you are calling the whole house is really just one room in the house.
  • What is a Fact?
    The only things we can know that aren't established by induction are those that come from deduction, which have nothing to do with the real world.T Clark
    There is no singular "real world". Your world and my world are very different, even though we are both human males(I think?). Imagine how different is the world of the opposite sex, or other species even. But that is another realm of contemplation altogether.
  • What is a Fact?
    This is science apologetics. — Yohan
    Explain please.
    T Clark
    Science doesn't have a way of establishing fact. Rather than admit this, which I believe honest scientists do, some science advocates and probably actual scientists won't admit it, but will instead rearrange the goal posts so that a fact can mean something that is agreed upon by the majority of scientists.
    That's a quick theory, though I could be wrong.
    It says "confirm to a degree" and "provisional assent." I don't see any problem, just follow the scientific method, i.e. provide evidence.T Clark
    I think its a problem because how do we determine what counts as sufficient reason to accept something as evidence. And then how much of such evidence is enough to accept something as fact beyond a reasonable doubt? It reminds me of the heap paradox. How much could be considered a big enough heap of evidence?
    I think you're playing around with language. Do you really not know what Gould is saying?T Clark
    I don't think I am.
    Something is either proven to be a fact or it isn't. No amount of induction will ever establish a fact. At least, I don't see how it could.
  • What is a Fact?
    I get that this is a sort of dictionary meaning, but there is an alternative usage that's roughly "to the best of our knowledge and with very high confidence".Srap Tasmaner
    But isn't that a bad way to use the word fact?
  • What is a Fact?
    Stephen Jay Gould said:
    In science, 'fact' can only mean 'confirmed to such a degree that it would be perverse to withhold provisional assent.
    T Clark
    This is science apologetics.
    If something can be confirmed as fact, explain how.
    This definition is like saying 'something is confirmed if its been so confirmed that it would be perverse to withhold provisional assent'.
  • Anti-Vaxxers, Creationists, 9/11 Truthers, Climate Deniers, Flat-Earthers
    They're immune to facts and they will not change their minds no matter what happensXtrix
    You speak as if irrationality is a trait of a minority of people. I've encountered very few people who I was convinced were truly open to being proven wrong on any subject. Virtually everyone is immune to facts/reason on many or most topics.
    Most people are open to being proven wrong only on minor issues, but not issues that are fundamental to a world view.
    This is simple psychology. To have ones fundamental view shifted is to lose ones bearing.
  • Does causality exist?
    You mean you ate it?Prishon
    It was delated for another time