Comments

  • Bell's Theorem
    Your assertion is not very convincing wonderer1. I've read a fair bit of material authored by Richard Feynman, much is available on the net. And, he is very explicit in saying that the flow of current is not in the body of the conducting material, because the electrons are freed from the atoms, and the flow is therefore in the fieldMetaphysician Undercover

    It's not clear to me what you have in mind with "because the electrons are freed from the atoms". Are you imagining these free electrons as being outside the body of the conducting material, and that the movement of electrons inside the body of the conductor does not play a role in the propagation of energy through the fields?

    On your view, why does it matter what material the conductor is composed of, or what the cross sectional area of the conductor is?
  • Bell's Theorem
    I'm not sure. Intuitively it might seem so, but this is a domain that is far far away from that where our intuitions were formed. God may or may not ultimately play dice with the universe, how can we say?hypericin

    Suppose instead of God we have Ged. Ged is a postdoc in a ten dimensional universe who is researching the possibility of intelligence evolving in a three dimensional universe. So Ged sets up a Monte Carlo simulation of a three dimensional universe in order to explore the possibility space. Voila, here we are in the multiple worlds of Ged's simulation. :gasp:
  • Putnam Brains in a Vat
    Obviously it is of more interest than the foot, and people spend a great deal on it, but should that be the case? I’m not so sure. For instance, the question of where the brain ends and the rest of the body begins is in my mind insoluble. The carotid arteries, the spine, the endocrine system—all are intimately connected, and are therefor one thing. Removing the rest of the body from a theory of mind is a huge but fairly common mistake.NOS4A2

    The topic is a thought experiment that doesn't need to be nomologically viable to stimulate epistemological consideration of it.

    Choosing to consider a brain in a vat as compared to a human body in a vat seems to be an attempt to simplify things to a sort of minimum system for epistemic relevevance, and you seem intent on missing the point.
  • Bell's Theorem
    Why then does electrical energy travel through the field around copper wires, instead of traveling through the copper wires, where the electron particles are supposedly located? Or do you think that particles of the wire, the electrons are actually outside the wire?

    However, electrical energy does not travel though the wire as sound travels through air but instead always travels in the space outside of the wires. This is because electric energy is composed of electric and magnetic fields which are created by the moving electrons, but which exist in the space surrounding the wires.
    http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=3199
    Metaphysician Undercover

    I'm afraid your source is not very good. It seems to be mistaking the skin effect which is applicable to AC signals, for a general rule about electrical conduction.

    In either the AC or DC case, electrical current travels through the conductor. That link provides some explanation as to why in the AC case the conduction of current becomes more and more confined to the outermost portions of the conductor as the frequency of the AC signal increases.
  • Is touching possible?
    This commonsense notion doesn't happen at the micro scale, so that part is strictly speaking impossible.hypericin

    Impossible, or merely simplistic?
  • Putnam Brains in a Vat
    I think it is fair to say that human beings are more than brains, and that any brain is so interconnected to the rest of the body that to separate one from the other is to end the human being.NOS4A2

    Sure.

    However. people who think seriously about the subject recognize that different parts of the human body do different things. What the brain does seems to be of particular interest. Do you disagree?
  • God, as Experienced, and as Metaphysical Speculation
    The forum does not work well for manifestos. If you want things to work out, focusing on a relatively narrow subject is usually necessary.T Clark

    And welcome to TPF!
  • What can I know with 100% certainty?
    This is an excerpt of an interview of Robert Sapolski...Truth Seeker

    Great clip!

    Not to say you deserve any praise for posting it. :razz:
  • A Case for Objective Epistemic Norms
    1. Intuitions (i.e., intellectual seemings): one ought to take as true what intellectual strikes them as being the case unless sufficient evidence has been prevented that demonstrates the invalidity of it.
    — Bob Ross

    Obviously your intuitions may be wrong but it also seems to be that I could apply the opposite rule and it wouldn't necessarily have an effect on how well I gather knowledge.
    Apustimelogist

    Indeed. I'd suggest it could have a salubrious effect on how well a person gathers knowledge, in that someone might be more likely to see through faulty intuitions which impede having a more accurate view as a result of questioning intuitions.
  • Fractal Geometry in the Natural Selection
    That said, arguments about selection on the basis of form, defined broadly as "developing echolocation," or "developing the ability to fly" do seem fairly controversial. At least part of the fear here is that it introduces too much teleology in to biology, making it seem like purposeful development.Count Timothy von Icarus

    Thanks for the very substantive reaponse!

    It will take me awhile to respond. I'm envious of your fluency.

    For now I'm just going to nitpick. (I'm kind of a professional nitpicker, so I'm fluent in nitpicky.) :razz:

    In the case of working evolutionary biologists, I don't see it as a matter of fear that "it introduces too much teleology in to biology". It seems to me that it is more a matter of such scientists being inclined to curiosity as to what sequence of events resulted in such a phenotype - what might be developed by way of a best explanation?
  • Is Philosophy still Relevant?
    In metaphysics, however, logical analysis allows us to produce a formal proof that all other philosophies and philosophical positions are logically absurd,FrancisRay

    Logical analysis is always subject to Garbage-In/Garbage-Out. Believing oneself to have proven all other philosophies are absurd, is liable to be an epistemic trap which impedes one's ability to learn from others. That is an unfortunate state to be in.
  • Fractal Geometry in the Natural Selection


    I think these days it is fairly widely understood, amongst those who have looked into the subject beyond high school biology, that there are selection effects that take place through changes in DNA outside the boundaries of genes. (Gene expression promoting regions of DNA, which are not themselves part of a gene, for example.)

    So there is a sense in which definitions of evolution in terms of change in allele frequency over time is simplistic. However, perhaps when looked at on geological time scales, changes in allele frequency over time are such a dominant factor that such simplistic definitions are pragmatic for introducing people to the subject?

    My question is, has anyone come across ways this is explored as a fractal process?Count Timothy von Icarus

    I haven't come across anything like that.
  • The irreducibility of phenomenal experiences does not refute physicalism.
    Panpsychism has always been a problem for physicalism because it seems to be decidedly not what physicalists want to posit, but at the same time it is in no way ruled out by mainstream physicalism.Count Timothy von Icarus

    I don't see any real problem. Panpsychism seems like nothing more than an unfalsifiable hypothesis that has no significant explanatory value, and Ockham razor seems like sufficient justification for dismissing panpsychism. From my perspective panpsychism doesn't seem to present any more challenge than solipsism.

    Partly because no physicalism that precludes panpsychism has been developed that doesn't seem to spawn massive problems for the theorist.Count Timothy von Icarus

    This seems to me, more a matter of unrealistic expectations on the part of critics of physicalism, than it seems a problem for physicalism. Brains are enormously complex, and I say this as an electrical engineer who routinely deals with highly complex systems. Yes there is a huge way to go in developing a understanding of how brains instantiate minds, and no guarantee that human minds are up to the task of developing something approaching an ultimate explanatory theory. However, substantial explanatory progress has been made over my lifetime, and that progress is ongoing. I don't see how anything similar can be claimed for panpsychism.

    In any case, I'm interested in hearing more about what you see as "massive problems" for physicalism.

    To be honest, it's really weird to me how physicalism is the most popular ontology writ large, but in the context of metaphysics as a specialty it's like a battleship that's taken direct multiple direct torpedo hits, is listing to one side, its magazine blew, and it looks liable to break in half.Count Timothy von Icarus

    Well, philosophers have proven themselves capable of believing all sorts of weird things, and this appears to me to be an example of such. I think physicalism (in a general sense) is in about as much danger as the heliocentrism of the solar system.
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)


    ...Howell wrote in a 57-page opinion ruling.

    “Donning a cloak of victimization may play well on a public stage to certain audiences, but in a court of law, , this performance has served only to subvert the normal process of discovery in a straightforward defamation case, with the concomitant necessity of repeated court intervention."

    I hope we will be hearing a lot more such statements from the bench.
  • "Beware of unearned wisdom."
    Physically we are all able to get access to any degree of wisdom, we are all humans.Angelo Cannata

    I find that to be an extremely questionable statement. Do you really think so?
  • Is touching possible?
    Actually, if there is strong emergence, it's counterproductive to try to define touch in terms of EM fields, but the question of emergence is an open one.Count Timothy von Icarus

    Even in this absence of strong emergence, it is pragmatic to recognize that different language/modeling is appropriate at different emergent levels. The fact that a physicist has access to a more detailed model of what is meant by touch, which is contrary to the folk physics notion of touch, doesn't seem to result in confusion on the part of physicists when presented with a touch screen.

    Even for a weak emergentists it is counterproductive to try and talk about everything at the level of physics.
  • Belief
    I think the act of pointing has a place in the definition of "slab!", for the initiate.Moliere

    :up:
  • Belief
    In order to pick out a screwdriver you need to know what it is, and in order to know what it is you need to have an internalized definition of it. That's what a definition is. An understanding or concept of what something is. If you claim to know what something is then you have at least a nominal definition of it, and if you have a definition then you claim to know what it is.Leontiskos

    How broadly are you defining definition?

    I'd suggest that rather than a definition or an essence, you have pattern recognition which occurs in your brain.
  • The irreducibility of phenomenal experiences does not refute physicalism.
    Well, all I can say is I disagree then. I think the photograph metaphor seems a coherent analogy of the view and that I think it is consistent with someone being a physicalist.Apustimelogist

    As a physicalist I can say that you are correct.
  • The irreducibility of phenomenal experiences does not refute physicalism.
    Nor can we conclude that there is an real, external, physical world.Metaphysician Undercover

    And yet, according to the Philpapers survey it seems the majority of philosophers somehow manage to conclude, what you say can't be concluded.

    External world: idealism, skepticism, or non-skeptical realism?
    Accept or lean toward: non-skeptical realism 760 / 931 (81.6%)
    Other 86 / 931 (9.2%)
    Accept or lean toward: skepticism 45 / 931 (4.8%)
    Accept or lean toward: idealism 40 / 931 (4.3%)
  • Hidden Dualism
    The sun is in the sky... physical.

    The sun is not in the sky... non-physical.

    Physical and non-physical are embedded in our mental realities.
    Mark Nyquist

    I'm afraid I don't know how to interpret your statements regarding physical and non-physical.

    Suppose I suggest alternatives for your first two sentence.

    1. It is 12:00 noon and the sun is in the sky above me.

    2. It is 12:00 midnight and sun is in the sky above someone on the other side of the world, but not above me.

    Is there a reason to make a physical/non-physical distinction between the two sentences?
  • Hidden Dualism
    It is a mistake for a physicalist to excuse the non-physical. The ones that include it will get it right.Mark Nyquist

    You know this how?
  • Climate change denial
    Yes, that does help. Thank you for the clear explanation.Agree to Disagree
    :up:
  • Climate change denial
    I had read that climate scientists said that a certain amount of global warming was "locked in" even if we stopped emissions today.Agree to Disagree

    Yes. The level of GHGs in the atmosphere now, means that global warming is going to continue for a long time, even if all the human contribution to the GHG content of the atmosphere ceased immediately.

    That isn't inconsistent with saying, "Most of the warming, however, will emerge relatively quickly." A simple relevant curve is an asymptotic approach to a new temperature stability point. Consider the following graph, but with the vertical axis being temperature and the horizontal axis being time:

    Screenshot-2015-03-30-16.42.09.png

    Suppose all of the excess GHGs in the atmosphere had just been dumped into the atmosphere today. For such a thought experiment we would expect the temperature of the Earth to increase along a similar curve. Most of the increase in temperature will occur relatively quickly, with the asymptotic approach to a new stable temperature going on for a long while after.

    Of course the actual picture is more complicated, but does that help in understanding why the two statements under discussion aren't contradictory?
  • Exploring the artificially intelligent mind of GPT4
    Sure, but in that case you are not "trusting AI," which is a central premise of my argument. If we fact-check AI every time it says something then the conundrum will never arise. I don't think we will do that. It would defeat the whole purpose of these technologies.Leontiskos

    On the other hand, humans fact checking (and challenging) AIs provides training data to the AI producers which can then be used in training the next generation. Such an iterative process will almost certainly reduce the frequency with which the latest generation AI is caught making mistakes.

    https://www.malwarebytes.com/blog/news/2023/05/chatgpt-introduces-new-control-features-business-version-of-the-ai-in-the-works :

    Last week, OpenAI announced it had given ChatGPT users the option to turn off their chat history. ChatGPT is a "generative AI", a machine learning algorithm that can understand language and generate written responses. Users can interact with it by asking questions, and the conversations users have with it are in turn stored by OpenAI so they can be used to train its machine learning models. This new control feature allows users to choose which conversations to use to train OpenAI models.
  • Philosophical jargon: Supervenience
    The point is, that to be two beings there must be something which distinguishes them as one different from the other. If what distinguishes them one from the other, is "being in different possible words" then we cannot say that the difference between the two worlds is of negligible relevance, because we've already propositioned that this difference is what distinguishes them one from the other. Since being two distinct things rather than one and the same thing is fundamentally a significant difference, then it's necessarily of very significant relevance.Metaphysician Undercover

    I was thinking I might be able to help you out of that logical straitjacket keeping you from productively considering the thought experiment. Perhaps another time.
  • Philosophical jargon: Supervenience
    Isn't it contrary to the law of identity to speak of "two" physical occurrences which are in every way alike. If they are in every way alike, they are necessarily one and the same, not "two". So the whole premise of this thought experiment, the assumption of two distinct physical occurrences which are exactly alike, is fundamentally flawed making that thought experiment pointless.Metaphysician Undercover

    Suppose we defer consideration of a law of identity, and consider two identical beings in different possible worlds, with the difference between the two worlds being of negligible relevance to the two beings.
  • Reading "The Laws of Form", by George Spencer-Brown.
    Heh. You gotta read along with us!Moliere

    It's been feeling too much like coming home from work to go back to work. I talk to electrical engineers all day long. :joke:
  • Reading "The Laws of Form", by George Spencer-Brown.
    I'm not seeing it.Banno

    Ah, ok. Like I said, it was very much a guess.

    I thought there might be some relevant analogies.
  • Reading "The Laws of Form", by George Spencer-Brown.
    And fuck knows what is happening in chapter eleven, where moving out of a plane is equated with bending time... or something.Banno

    I haven't read past the introduction, but perhaps this video conveys something of relevance?

    Very much a guess.
  • Philosophical jargon: Supervenience
    ...but one of the problems often brought forth by the substance dualist is that there is not empirical proof that brain state X always causes behavior Y because fMRI results do not show that for every instance of behavior Y the exact areas of the brain show activity.Hanover

    Yes. fMRI is far from being a technology capable of showing "exact" areas of the brain, much less the enormous amount of dynamic activity involved in the massively parallel information processing going on in there.

    Consider this photo with motion blur and add focus blur with your imagination.

    motion-blur-people-crossing-a-street-in-a-city.jpg

    Then consider asking whether the image you are imagining is sufficient to prove that T. Clark picked your pocket.

    Wherever we might draw a line representing "sufficient data for neuroscience to comprehensively explain consciousness", fMRI scans are a long way from crossing that line. Not to say that neuroscience hasn't come a long way, or that fMRI isn't an awesome achievement for social primates like ourselves.

    On the other hand, there are lots of other avenues of empirical investigation that all seem to be pointing in the same direction. So the scientific picture might be seen as analogous to a jigsaw puzzle with the edges fully completed. Tough competition for dualists, on the empirical evidence front.
  • Philosophical jargon: Supervenience
    As with a lot of jargon, philosophical or otherwise, is "supervenience" really needed? What's wrong with "dependence?"T Clark

    Interesting question. I don't think I've ever used the word supervenience in discussions with other electrical engineers, although other EEs certainly have to understand the notion of supervenience regardless of whether they have any familiarity with the word.

    I do think using "supervenience" is useful in philosophy however, to convey a rather specific sort of dependency. For example I might say, "My minor children are dependent on me.", but I wouldn't say, "My minor children are supervenient on me."
  • The von Neumann–Wigner interpretation and the Fine Tuning Problem
    There isn't any one mainstream theory for this. Rather, there is a constellation of widely variant theories that focus on anything from "all complex enough computation results in experience," to "certain energy patterns = experience," to panpsychism, to brainwaves, to a quantum level explanations.Count Timothy von Icarus

    Seems to me the kind of situation we would expect in light of less than adequate empirical data, and all the more reason to recognize the low spatial and temporal resolution of the empirical data available at present.

    What is surprising is that, even if we could resolve individual synapses, we aren't sure this would give us an answer. That is, most theories are such that, even if we magically had that sort of resolution, they couldn't tell us "look for X and X will show you if a thing is conscious or not."Count Timothy von Icarus

    To me it seems unsurprising that speculation in the absence of sufficient empirical data fails to yield definitive criteria for identifying the physical nature of consciousness.

    Would you elaborate on why you find the situation surprising?
  • Solution to the Gettier problem
    When a thing is exactly the same as a duck from all external appearances including
    a blood test of DNA, then you can tell it is actually a space alien when it telepathically
    invades your thoughts screaming that it <is> a space alien.
    PL Olcott

    When you believe that there is an alien, disguised as a duck, screaming into your head telepathically, there might be deeper epistemic concerns than Gettier problems.
  • The von Neumann–Wigner interpretation and the Fine Tuning Problem
    And this then also neatly describes why consciousness is so impossible to find in all our myriad brain scans. This is puzzling because we think we should have the resolution of scans we need to be able to identify what it is that "causes," consciousness.Count Timothy von Icarus

    I had overlooked this until excerpted it.

    Googling around, the smallest estimate of neuron count per fMRI voxel that I found is ~10,000. Mr. Spock would see our current fMRI technology as working with stone knives and bearskins.

    If we were approaching the ability to resolve all the individual synapses in a brain we might be approaching sufficient resolution, but we are a long long way from that sort of resolution, and that's only talking spatial resolution. The temporal resolution of fMRI leaves much to be desired as well.
  • Climate change denial
    Non-biogenic methane is a different issue.Agree to Disagree

    I suspect that when I went back to university to do a 2nd degree you were probably still in nappies (or if you are American, still in diapers).Agree to Disagree

    Seems kind of silly to think that matters much in this discussion, when you are constantly demonstrating that you are a pretender to scientific understanding. Does, "Hesperus is Phosphorus", help?
  • The von Neumann–Wigner interpretation and the Fine Tuning Problem
    Notice how close this is getting to the dictum of classical metaphysics - that ‘to be is to be intelligible’.Wayfarer

    What is the danger of getting close to the dictum?
  • What is Logic?
    Plus, paired with findings that give rise to the popularity of computational theory of mind, the view of computation as something that only occurs in sentient consciousness starts to get a little wonky. Presumably, I am computing if I am not a math wiz and have to consciously think about the steps involved in summing some list of figures. But then am I not computing if the entire process happens unconsciously and I just know the outcome by glancing at the symbols? Do I compute when I consciously try to read French, but acomputationally experience when the meanings of English words fly into my awareness with no conscious effort? If unconconcious computation is possible within a human, it seems harder to justify it not existing outside the mind. But then knowing the answer to 3+7, 2+2, etc. doesn't seem to require anything conscious or intentional on our part.Count Timothy von Icarus

    :up:
  • God and the Present
    I think it might be the case that experience is special.
    — chiknsld

    Do you mean "special" in the sense of special relativity?
    Benj96

    Or maybe, the life experience through which information gets into our brains is special?
  • Climate change denial
    It’s the effect of propaganda…or pure stupidity.Mikie


    Or both. It doesn't seem to require much intelligence to be a propaganda parrot.