Why? I'm curious to know your thoughts. — Arcane Sandwich
Well, there's two thoughts I have on Kant. One, I think he has a deep insight in his philosophy which is that the rational mind is more limited than what it might desire to know -- there are some things which are beyond us.
But there's a lot that comes along with his project that I reject like transcendental idealism, even of the one-world variety, mainly because I don't think the world makes as much sense as Kant seemed to believe. One Big Mind would make sense of a nature which is rationally ordered, but I don't see rational order in nature or the signs of some kind of purposive mind (to be fair Kant predates the wide acceptance of Darwinian biology which can explain some of this stuff).
What I like to keep about the thing-in-itself is that it's a purely negative concept which indicates some beyond that we must assume in order to make sense of the world but which will forever be outside of our mind's grasp -- almost by definition, meaning if terra-incognita somehow became cognizable due to brain-implants or whatever then this new part of the mind previously unexperienced would no longer be a thing-in-itself.
By definition it's unknowable, and the funny part that's hard to accept is that because causation is part of the categories it cannot be the case that the thing-in-itself is the cause of our representations. So it really just floats outside of all thought to take the place of things like the philosophical Ideas or God and the Soul and the Good.
It's an incredibly beautiful philosophy that I just can't bring myself to really believe in. The world appears much more jagged, and even if it were constructed it appears to move much more than Kant's epistemology seems to indicate -- there's not some eternal structure behind it all that provides a mental foundation to explain our rational abilities, but a loose web of guesses which hold together many of our
bleiefsbeliefs meaningfully, but changes with time.
No, I would not. It's in-itself, sure, but it's not a thing in the technical sense. Human experience is not a res. Human experience is more like cogitans in that sense. I would say: there is a human (a res) that has human experiences (cogitans). In other words, we shouldn't think that the cogitans is purely "mental" or "rational", since it is also empirical — Arcane Sandwich
Cool.
I'm not sure I'd put human experience as an in-itself at all -- I'm not sure we really are our brains, or that there is something so solid about identity that we can treat it like an in-itself.
It's right around there that it becomes wildly interesting but speculative at the same time.
I'm not sure there even is a cogitans -- the brain-body bundle doesn't think much without having grown up in a supportive environment.
I really think of "mental" and "rational" as socially performed and taught rather than bound up in the structures of our brains.
Yes it does. It proves that solipsism is false, as Moore argued: — Arcane Sandwich
He argued it, but does he know that "here is one hand"?
What if he were dreaming? Would there be a hand there?
But there'd be no way to differentiate between the dream-hand or real-hand in dream-land. So we must conclude that Moore does not
know, in the apodeictic sense of proof, that "here is a hand"; we must grant that he is able to refer to the hand in the first place by interpreting him and responding in kind. Without that collective enacting of language in the first place the hand couldn't be referred to -- he's assuming a great deal in thinking that referencing his
hand is what proves solipsism to be false.
Here is Bunge's take on that, and I happen to agree with him on this specific point: a brain transplant, by definition, is impossible. You can have someone else's kidney transplanted into your body. You cannot have someone's brain transplanted into your own body, even if the technology to do such a thing were to exist. Why not? Because if you receive someone else's brain, what has happened is that the other person's brain has received a body. You, on the other hand, exist wherever your brain exists. So, if you receive a brain transplant, what happens to you is that you have become disembodied. Someone else has occupied your body. You now only exist as a disembodied brain. If they put you into someone else's body, then you have received a new body. A brain transplant, therefore, is impossible by definition, even if the technology for it were to exist. — Arcane Sandwich
So close and so far at the same time!
:D
I tend to think that we are more than our brains -- we are our bodies, what we own, our relationships, commitments, legal rights all barely bundled together in a collective fiction we call "the self", which I think forms a dyad with the Other. In our original innocence the world is a playground which we can do with as we please, but the adult is the one who sees there's more to the world than the self and the world, and that the self requires others to exist at all (consider what happens to prisoners in solitary confinement, and feral children)
Brains seem an important part for human beings to be able to do all the things we tend to think of as a self or a mind -- but all unto themselves they're just a pile of dead cells. We can put them into computer chips to treat them like physical neural nets and train them, but for all that I don't think that the chips with neurons are a self at all.
Hmmm... I don't agree with this. We have a ton of things. We have science (episteme), we have opinion (doxa), we have reason (ratio), we have deductive reasoning, we have inductive reasoning, we have "abductive reasoning", as Peirce called it (it's really just inference-to-best-explanation), etc. We have a ton of things, in addition to language, charity, and the semi-mystical experiences of being-with-others. — Arcane Sandwich
For understanding the experience of others'?