Hint: it wasn't changes in agriculture or industry. — Bitter Crank
Not in the deep south definitely.
I lived around New Orleans from early 60's to 71. It was not much fun sometimes.
I went to all white schools, rode on all white school buses, ate in all white restaurants and lived in all white neighborhoods. When we went to live there I had no idea that such feeling of superiority over other people could exist. While it was not everyone that was like that, the ones that were were often so intense about it that it was scary sometimes.
We went to a Woolworth's that had 2 snack bars, the difference between them so sad. But even those that were not racists accepted that was what it should be like. The day after arriving in New Orleans after a 6 day drive from Montreal, we went to wash the dirty clothes at a launderette next to the hotel, it had a sign on it that said "Whites Only", I was worried about not being allowed to wash my shirts.
In England there had been a few black people but mostly there were Pakistani, Indian and Chinese. And no one really bothered about them back them. I never heard anyone say anything bad about them or tell me to keep away from them, so I never developed any emotions about them. Being white down south you were expected by a lot of people to treat the blacks as though they were inferior by at least ignoring their presence.
When the government decided to start integrating the school bus services I got to see the black kids neighborhood and school for the first time because our driver had to pick up a bunch of them and pass by their school to drop them off first. That was an eye opener.
The first few days there were some scuffles but nothing to serious. In the afternoon we would pass by to pick them up again. On about the third day a black girl sat down next to me. She spent the whole trip staring at me as if expecting me to do something. The next day a bunch of idiots started calling me nasty names because I had not sat in the center and refused to let her pass and sit next to me. They said that I should have made her stand up.
After a few months had passed, I asked one of my friends why our school was so much better than theirs. He answered that it was because most of their parents did not work so they did not pay taxes and therefore could not afford anything better.
Most of the people we knew were not racists, some of them were so used to the situation that to them it was considered normal, the mother.
Some were aware that it was not quite right that the black people should be treated like that but were not prepared to go out and do something about it until pushed to do so by something, the son. And it was usually for selfish reasons that they stood up for the black people, not love for them.
The year I left the US they had their first black students in the school.