Well, first of all, there are different forms of nationalism, some of which are as morally undesirable as racism. What all forms of nationalism have in common though is self-subjugation (to varying degrees) to the "big" other on the basis of a quasi-familial identity. Country is mother/father; we are children and like good children must sacrifice our individual interests for the greater (national) good etc. The nation as supreme moral guardian in return imbues its flock with a sacred and distinct essence that places it above and outside other nations and their flocks. Though racism shares the idea of a distinct essence, its orientation is not self-subjugatory but subjugatory from the get-go. If we could distil the purely aggressive aspect of nationalism and give individuals ownership of it in an absolute sense, we'd have something akin to racism (on the latter point, note that a nationalist has to earn their salt as part of the nation [through self-subjugation], and those who do not are internal enemies that can be entirely alien regardless of their citizenship, whereas whiteness and inclusion in the race is a
fait accompli from birth).
So, yes, while in practical terms things are not black and white (no pun intended!), racism is in essence more pernicious than nationalism in that as a category it's (theoretically):
1) hard (immutable from birth); and therefore 2) exclusionary (in an absolute sense); 3) necessarily subjugatory, with its victims being immediately identifiable (in theory).
Am I right in thinking that the major distinction you're drawing between national identity and race is that, ultimately, national identity is a contingent property of a person and race is a necessary one? — fdrake
That's part of it, but I agree with this too:
I think that holds when hewing close to the categories as they're theorised, or on their own terms, but in terms of their observed function - precisely who counts as Aryan, white, black, depends on the political weather. The essentialist ontology of race is time varying in practice. — fdrake
And I also agree with this:
In practice, of course, race, ethnicity, religion and nationality are often entangled in a messy way. — SophistiCat
but, as mentioned, I think racism is more aggressive, more absolutely exclusionary and necessarily subjugatory (there's no escaping the logic that the superior race should dominate the inferior one). That's not even to mention the inherent denial of full human diginity to the other at the most fundamental level.
Anyhow, to me the question isn't really why MAGA is more acceptable to us than the KKK. The fact that it is is just a social phenomenon. It's a lot easier to be a nationalist (now) than a racist; there's a million reasons for that and it may change. And even from a purely moral point of view, this is true:
What unites these identification categories is that belonging is, by and large, not up to you. It cannot be credited to or blamed on your character or your decisions. We are born into these categories, and changing them is difficult, if not impossible. — SophistiCat
But given all that, racism is still the deeper moral insult imo in part for the reasons I've outlined above.