Not a substratum. Material is all there is--well, material, relations of material and motion of material. We're not positing things we don't observe. — Terrapin Station
Actually not naive realism, but Berkeley is categorised as an empiricist. His argument could be paraphrased as depending on the observation that we cannot go beyond the content of experience, and that experience requires a perceiving subject. — Wayfarer
Matter occupies space and - in common day life - has a weight. Anything that has these properties is made of matter. That's the definition. — Heiko
When we see a chair, how do we not see what it is composed of? If we can't say what it is composed of, how can we even say that what we see is a chair?No one has ever sensed matter. We do not observe matter. The things we observe are objects like the chair, the table, and the various other objects we encounter. To say that these things are somehow composed of matter is to posit something we do not observe, matter, as a material substratum. — Metaphysician Undercover
No you are not an idea, you are a mind / spirit. — Jamesk
One of us seems to be a bit mixed up here. — Jamesk
The question of direct or naïve realism, as opposed to indirect or representational realism, arises in the philosophy of perception and of mind out of the debate over the nature of conscious experience;[1][2] the epistemological question of whether the world we see around us is the real world itself or merely an internal perceptual copy of that world generated by neural processes in our brain. Naïve realism is known as direct realism when developed to counter indirect or representative realism, also known as epistemological dualism,[3] the philosophical position that our conscious experience is not of the real world itself but of an internal representation, a miniature virtual-reality replica of the world.
George Berkeley- known as Bishop Berkeley (Bishop of Cloyne) – was an Irish philosopher whose primary achievement was the advancement of a theory he called "immaterialism" (later referred to as "subjective idealism" by others). This theory denies the existence of material substance and instead contends that familiar objects like tables and chairs are only ideas in the minds of perceivers and, as a result, cannot exist without being perceived.
Berkeley shows that we cannot know material without a material object, force without something being forced, space without something occupying it and time without some agent passing through it. — Jamesk
We don't experience another's self-awareness — jorndoe
Berkeley shows that we cannot know — Jamesk
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