Comments

  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    Kamala just screwed up her vp pick. — fishfry
    Idk, seems to me like Madame VP just took another page out of Obama's winning campaign playbook. :smirk:

    Maybe lay off the Fox News. — Mikie
    :smirk:
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    6August24

    Roevember 2024:

    VP Kamala Harris & Gov Tim Walz
    ("pro-democracy" Democrats) :victory: :mask:

    versus

    The Criminal Clown & MAGA Mini-me 
    (neofascist "weirdos") :lol:
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    How did he get into Yale? — frank
    If Vance actually graduated, what's curious to me is how the hell did his dumbass get out of Yale?
  • Is the real world fair and just?
    I'm not a Spinoza expert, but ... — Gnomon
    No doubt. :sweat:

    ... regarding unbounded space-time, he seemed to assume that the material world, and his Nature God, was Eternal & Infinite
    Wtf :confused:
    .
    So how would he deal with modern Cosmology, which says that the universe had a sudden & inexplicable beginning of Space-Time-Matter-Energy?
    :roll:

    Sub specie aeternitatis "the universe" is only an (unbounded, though finite) mode, not substance itself, that "modern cosmology" (provisionally) explains sub specie durationis. Read Spinoza's Ethics, Part One: "Of God" (iirc only 31pp in E. Curley transl. paperback).

    Where or when was boundless Natura Naturans before the Bang?
    :monkey: Sub species aeternitatis, "where or when was" and "before" do not pertain to natura naturans (only to natura naturata (e.g. finite modes) sub speccie durationis).

    Your jabberwocky, Gnomon, merely amounts to asking 'How did Spinoza get somewhere north of the north pole?' because, as usual, you opine about subjects you've barely skimmed and thereby wantonly misinterpret. We're all "amateur philosophers" here (no experts needed) but that's – your usual prefatory cop-out – not license to routinely spout your uninformed opinions free of some critical blowback from those of us who are not, unlike you, too intellectually lazy to have informed ourselves (beyond mere pedantry) on various topics like Spinozism, materialism / physicalism, modern cosmology, etc.

    ↪boundless
    :up: :up: Thanks.
  • Tragedy and Pleasure?
    As for Freud...is that a gun in his pocket? — Amity
    :smirk:
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    5August24

    Uh oh, even MAGA media has begun to wake up and smell the gourmet black coffee:


    https://nypost.com/2024/07/29/opinion/trump-and-vance-need-to-woo-women-voters-to-win/

    Roevember is coming, @NOS4A2 :kiss:

    @fishfry @Mikie @Wayfarer @Benkei @Fooloso4
  • Ponderables of SF on screen
    Maybe these shows could give us something new in the way glimpsing how strange/unsettling the universe really is/could be. I like Sci Fi that is truly unsettling. — Nils Loc
    :up: :up:
  • Reasons for believing in the permanence of the soul?
    "The human body is the best picture of the human soul"; and memories are embodied.
    — 180 Proof

    Yes, the idea of the body being the best picture of the soul seems right to me. I am also reminded of Spinoza's "the soul is the idea of the body".     — Janus
    :up: :up:
  • Reasons for believing in the permanence of the soul?
    the continuity afforded by memory — Janus
    :up: As Witty says, "The human body is the best picture of the human soul"; and memories are embodied.
  • Evidence of Consciousness Surviving the Body
    You can choose to believe this stuff, if you like, but if you think you have an objective argument for NDEs proving dualism, or a life after death, you are fooling yourself. — Relativist
    :up: :up: @Sam26 is clearly fooling himself like too many other people who are terrified of their ego-mortality.
  • Ponderables of SF on screen
    ↪Nils Loc
    ↪Vera Mont
    Assume you were in-charge of rebooting Star Trek TOS (1966-69) that would run for five seasons (13 episodes per) on HBO, Showtime or some other premium platform and with more than a sufficient budget for high quality production, staff writers, performers, etc: (A) what main aspect/s of the 60's show would you change/update? and (B) what you would keep from the original to retain its identifiably Star Trek style rather than feeling like another generic space opera cashing-in on the franchise brand with all that glittering s/fx, pointless techobabble & Mos Eisley "aliens"?

    My ST reboot fantasy:

    (A) 2320s-2330s, Alpha Quadrant, Milky Way Galaxy ...

    1 - In universe, episodes from the original show (also the animated series (72-74) & films with the original cast (ST II, III & Vi)) – excluding a dozen or so bad, low budget, filler-episodes & time-travel idiot plots – would be Star Fleet cadet training films wherein the "USS Enterprise and crew" are dramatic composites of other starships and their missions/encounters from several decades ago; the technologies, specifically of starships and related to Starfleet operations, are 'dumbed-down' stand-ins for otherwise classified, bleeding-edge tech used by Starfleet personnel and featured in the show;
    2 - this way, all the science and tech actually in use on "Five-Year Missions" can be updated – I have too many 'futuretech ideas' (old, old ST daydreams) to lay them out here – to be much less fantasy (i.e. less inconsistent with both physical laws or plausible implications for starship operations, societal arrangments, crew psychologies, communication styles, leisure/recreation, etc) and thereby 'harder', more believable, space opera to match current 'futurist' sensibilities;
    3 - and these reconceptions would include Starfleet, The UFP (e.g. Vulcans, Andorians, various Human-offshoots, etc) as well as Klingon (space), Romulan (space) & Gorn (space);
    4 - each season would feature a new, different starship with a different crew and different primary mission (with infrequent but dramatic tie-ins & call-backs to ships & events in either prior or following seasons) in the way that The Wire shifted its focus on different aspects of Baltimore each season
    5 - space is too effin' big for a "metaplot" to make sense playing out even in a standard lifetime with FTL travel / communication, so each season would be mostly a self-contained episodic year on a starship, each relativistically separated from one another by space & time
    6 - lastly, while mined for usable ideas, all spin-off series and related media (from TNG, DS9, and on) would not be treated as canon or even referenced in the cadet training films (which would be featured as in-universe references by Starfleet crew members on occassion)

    (B) I would keep the focus on

    • human optimism without utopianism
    • the likely benefits of collaborative problem-solving versus the usual recklessness of individual heroics
    • the problems of exploration (e.g. the vastness of space) and contact with the unknown (e.g. miscommunication, contamination) rather than militarism and "planet-of-the-week" action-for-action sake
    • small ensemble character drama
    • the ship is "home" (but NOT a TNG "family-friendly cruise ship") and therefore a character in its own right (e.g. onboard central Ai computer à la "M5" without going all "HAL 9000" that is cybernetically integrated with (ergo constrained by & learning "to be human?" from) the crew))
    • quality character-actors for main casts (re: 30-60somethings, not teens-20somethings) & guest performers
    • using the 1960s Gold, Blue & Red duty & dress uniforms (NO "mini-skirts & nylons") with 1980s movies jacket ensembles for Away Missions
    • using the original designs of exterior & interior starships, shuttles, starbases, etc (with primary reference to Franz Joseph's work) but reducing "the cheese" factor as much as possible
    • keeping the pulpy feel, or pacing, of TOS via plotting, (not contemporary tv-speak) dialogue & direction/editing
    • keeping (variations) on the original theme and incidental musics from the 60's show

    And since Strange New Worlds has been taken, I'd call my reboot To Boldly Go (without ST in the title) as in "... To Boldly Go Where No Starship Has Gone Before." :nerd:
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    I hope he [The Clown] attacks every popular Republican governor in the swing states. That would be cool. — praxis
    :up:
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    ↪BitconnectCarlos
    Yes, interesting, but I was referring to the institution of religion as such (i.e. its social function/s) and not the belief-system or ritual-practices of any particular sect. IMO, active participation in a congregation tends to 'feminize' (i.e. de-emphasize 'masculine' strength, ego, aggression and competition) even though e.g. "Abrahamic & Vedic faiths" are predominantly patriarchal.
  • Tragedy and Pleasure?
    180, what is the difference between a modern tragedy and an absurdist historical drama, whatever the hell that is ? What makes True Detective, S1 a 'modern tragedy'? — Amity
    I interpret True Detective (s1) as a "modern tragedy" because the story, while very atmospheric could take place anywhere , is mostly about 'professional' (rather than royal / noble) protagonists who are inescapably driven by death (re: fear, guilt / ghosts, violence, despair) to 'the edge of status quo destroying' madness (i.e. an analogue for or symbol of the supernatural / demonic / revelation).

    On the other hand, Deadwood I interpret as an "absurdist historical drama" because the story is, it seems to me, about the 'anarchic growth' (not planned development) of a specific place (the town "Deadwood in the "Dakota territories") at a specific historic moment (ca 1870s, gold rush era) inhabited or visited by many different types of protagonists who in different ways are desperately seeking to make their lives meaningful (again?) by putting down roots (i.e. finding their 'fortunes') there or elsewhere and violently leaving behind their rootless – meaningless – pasts.

    Two of my all-time favorite television shows. I need to watch both again soon.
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    Is anyone considering Jill Stein in this forum? — Eros1982
    Speaking for myself, I only vote for a third party presidential candidate when living in a state that's safe for either Democrats or Republicans. I live in Washington state so I'll vote for Cornel West this year. In 2020 I lived in Georgia and decided early in 2020 to vote for whomever the Democratic candidate wound up being because polling trends showed Georgia to be a swing state for the first time since 1992. Biden won Georgia and I voted for him (only the second time since 1982 I'd voted for a Democratic candidate for president). As a non-partisan "progressive leftist" (who, like Bernie Sanders and most thoughtful leftists, abhors "identity politics"), I've considered the last sixty years of the Democratic Party policy agenda (i.e. neoliberal sodomy of the working class with lube (less harmful) the lesser evil compared to that of the Republican Party policy agenda (i.e. plutocratic / autocratic sodomy of everybody south of the upper middle class without lube (more harmful)), and therefore I always support the Democratic candidate when I live in a swing state. Btw, in 2016 I voted for Jill Stein because polling trends suggested HRC would lose Georgia (which she did by just over 5%).

    ↪Eros1982
    This 'biological determinism' is too reductive to be meaningful at the complexity of level social practices and electoral politics. After all, it doesn't explain at all (e.g.) decades of robust male support for democratic market socialism in Scandanavian countries.
  • Tragedy and Pleasure?
    ↪180 Proof Would you consider Deadwood as an example of a modern tragedy? — Tom Storm
    No, imo, it's more of an absurdist historical drama (if that's not too oxmoronic). Instead I consider the first season of True Detective to be "a modern tragedy".
  • Evidence of Consciousness Surviving the Body
    ↪Relativist
    :up: :up:
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    I'm an elementary school teacher, and I can tell you the education system was not designed for boys. I incorporate a lot of breaks throughout the day because I know my boys need to get up and move. I've been criticized for this my whole career. I'm told I should teach "bell to bell", but I'm tenured, so fuck those people. I do what I want. My school even banned football, because it led to fighting. I let my boys do it on the sly. — RogueAI
    My fuckin' hero! :clap: :cool:

    Are parents the real educators of their kids nowadays? — Eros1982
    I think so. However, are both parents in the home? or in the daily lives of their children? Are the parents mature, stable, healthy, educated? or immature, unstable, addicts/drunks, mis/un-educated? Are they sectarian or secular? bigoted or cosmopolitan? Is the home run by a single mother raising boys? Etcetera ...

    My guess is, having been neither a parent nor teacher, that schools and social media only reinforce, even amplify, what the parental / family home cultivates in children in the first place. Just like getting drunk doesn't make people a-holes, alcohol only takes away the sober inhibition to expose their a-holery. Reactionary culture and politics, imo, is like booze and "boys" learn to be resentful a-holes to a social order increasingly stabilized by 'pro-female' policies and institutions not unlike the single mother / wife-dominated households they were (mis)raised in.

    In contemporary (US) society there are at least three institutions in particular which, again imo (never having belonged to any of them myself), mostly tend to (but do not always) feminize males: religion, marriage & prison. Not (primarily) schools – though RogueAI might disagree. Thus, males react violently against the first two and embrace the pack-animal, alpha dominance of the third (à la gang / thug-life ... or as enlisted military).

    I really can't imagine a mom telling her daughter Kamala is great and then telling her son Donald is great.
    According to exit polls, in 2016 & 2020 more women overall voted for The Clown than against him. In 2022, those same women lost their reproductive healthcare rights; whether or not they still like The Clown, I'm confident most will against him this year to get back what was taken from them, their daughters and even their granddaughters.

    That said, some "sons" want a surrogate daddy to rule the country the way their absentee or divorcee fathers did not rule their single mom-dominated homes. Quite a few "sons" are easily triggered by their deep-seated "mommy-issues" which is why jackbooted reaction appeals to many of them as a cartoon-masculine, hyper-caffinated, faux-expression of manhood (e.g. alt-right, incel misogyny & homophobia).

    I have been surprised, however, with CNN, the Guardian, NY Times and a few liberal [corporate media] outlets that seem to have forgotten what they used to write about Kamala Harris just three or two years ago. — Eros1982
    This hypocrisy doesn't bother me at all because Kamala Harris – in fact, any (moderate) neoliberal candidate for president – is not the clear and present danger to US national security, the constitutional rule of law, all civil rights & the US economy, so the proper emphasis should be on promoting whomever can/will eliminate that danger: DonOLD The NeoFascist Clown.

    Roevember is coming! :victory: :mask:
  • Tragedy and Pleasure?
    A sense of the absurd and humour can help with perspective. Life is tragi-comedy. A mix of tough and funny. We get on with it — Amity
    :death: :flower:

    But most people, most of the time, don't want to reflect and contemplate; we just need distractions. Mass entertainment provides a good laugh or cry or rant to blow off emotional steam. The problem today is that there is simply too much of it. You don't have to seek out the distraction most suited to your mood; distractions pursue and harass you everywhere; jarring graphic images and BAD MUSIC are inescapable. — Vera Mont
    :100: :zip:

    A larger problem for young people is that life experience blurs into, is confused with and sometimes subsumed by virtual, electronic life. It's not a problem for old people like me... — Vera Mont
    :up: :up:

    @Jack Cummins Besides George Steiner's Antigones I recommended in my first post, his earlier book The Death of Tragedy (1961) analyzes how modernity itself and 'mass culture' – the root of today's ubiquitious p0m0 vidiocracy (vidiocy) that Vera reflects on – marginalizes or 'deadens' the cathartic function of tragedy as a communal artform that has been mostly 'repackaged' as a consumer product for increasingly atomized individuals. IMHO "the pleasure of tragedy" is, for most folks today, just one more distraction among countless many others, and only a "problem" of growing irrelevance in a self-anaestheticizing (numbing, blurring, manic multitasking) marketplace.
  • The Human Condition
    First, how do you get footnotes installed? — isomorph
    They are just text or links with [#] on the end that corresponds to a (keyboard function) superscript¹ appended to a term or phrase. All the same text format. Idk how others do it but that works for me.

    your use of 'functional defects' gives the sense of an ideal sapiens species
    There's nothing "ideal" about
    defects (e.g.) thirst-hunger, bereavement, insecurity, shame, mortality, confusion, illness, exposure, etc — 180 Proof
    because every member of our species has these vulnerabilities; thus, they constitute our "nature", no?

    ... it is illusory [to] think humans are other than autochthonous. — isomorph
    Why do you think so? H. sapiens have adapted themselves for tens of millennia to almost every ecosystem on Earth and have for over a half century in limited fashion lived in space off of the planet, no doubt as a prelude to future permanent extraterrestrial settlements. No doubt (in my mind, based on the anthropological record), humans are uniquely primates-which-are-also-more-than-primates. :monkey:

    Clearly, in fact, it is "illusory" to suggest the "ideal" that, as your "autochthonous" remark implies, if humans were meant to fly, we would have wings ... Maybe limits-surpassing – limits-extending – goals are "illusory" but for tens of millennia so far these human illusions – sciences, histories, philosophies, arts ... fauna-flora domestication, exploration, trade, migrations – have worked spectacularly well (though, of course, not without significant costs as well).
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    ↪Fooloso4
    :lol:
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    ↪Benkei
    Just more Trumpian racist bullshit to give ignorant MAGAts the warm & fuzzies. Here's a good summary:

    https://www.axios.com/2024/07/31/trump-nabj-interview-black-jobs-rhetoric
  • The Human Condition
    ↪isomorph
    I think "human nature" (re: aptitude) consists in two aspects: (a) h. sapiens species-specific functional defects¹ (i.e. physical & psychological vulnerabilities – needs – which can become temporarily, permanently or fatally dysfunctional when neglected or acutely deprived) & (b) our suite of evolutionary cognitive biases².

    On the other hand, I think "the human condition" (re: competence) consists in a plurality of ensembles, or repertoirs, of social relations-practices (like a habitus³) which generate various arts & kinds/degrees of knowledge (i.e. cultures).

    defects (e.g.) thirst-hunger, bereavement, insecurity, shame, mortality, confusion, illness, exposure, etc [1]

    https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases [2]

    https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitus_(sociology) [3]

    And so I think of the human condition in sum as the struggle to preserve human nature while simultaneously striving to surpass (all of) human nature's inherent limits (e.g. immorbity ... immortality ... immateriality ...) :fire:
  • Tragedy and Pleasure?
    ↪Amity
    :blush:
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    2August24

    IMO the best alternative to Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer (from the short list of "six prospective running-mates" according to press reports) is Illinois Gov. JB Pritzker. Of course, the Harris campaign has nothing to worry about selecting her running-mate since almost any elected mouth-breather with a working brain will embarrass the hell out of MAGA Mini-me Vance ...

    :smirk:
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    "I love my black job ♡"
    ~Simone Biles, the most decorated Olympic Gold Medal & champion gymnast in history

    https://x.com/Simone_Biles/status/1819284274224173147
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    2August24

    A "Black job"? Madame POTUS ...

    Roevember is coming! :victory: :mask:
  • Tragedy and Pleasure?
    Pardon my ramble ...
    One concern of mine is how 'news in the media' can overwhelm minds to the point where their own creativity is affected ... How have you found your story-telling affected? — Amity
    Grist for the miill. 'Stories' which reflect on or puzzle over questions raised by "news in the media" intrigue me most and inspire me to re/tell them. As far as 'the tragic' goes, my creative stance is much more attuned to 'absurdity' – the distorted lenses through which I watch the world turn my stomach while I laugh to stop from crying. It's almost impossible to create at any level out of ashes or raw sewage of the daily bilge of wanton cruelty and duplicitous stupidity. And yet "You must go on. I can't go on. I'll go on" a master clown says more about 'making art', I imagine, than merely living. Nonetheless, I try to ground my story-telling in mere life (e.g. "Try again. Fail again. Fail better") without self-referentially – cleverly ironizing about – 'making art'. Maybe it's the social uselessness (ergo "sovereignty" someone said) of 'making art' that's 'tragic' today, and yet feeling the absurd compels some of us to try again and again and ... just in order to breathe freely. 'Well, there ain't no clowns in foxholes' – yeah but why effin' not (since that's probably where clowns are most needed)?! :fire: :monkey:
  • Tragedy and Pleasure?
    ↪Jack Cummins
    :up:
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    "Black jobs?"

    "And when [DJT] attacks, he reveals a bit of himself; and what we saw was an elderly, obese, orange-tinted racist with a comb-over." ~Steve Schmidt, Never Trumper & former GOP campaign official :up:

    Yeah, keep running your trashy, gutter mouth, DonOLD The Clown. :sweat:

    Roevember is coming! :victory: :mask:
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    Re: DonOLD The Clown
    He was always of White heritage, and he was only promoting White heritage. I didn't know he was Orange until a number of years ago, when he happened to turn Orange, and now he wants to be known as Orange. So I don't know, is he White or is he Orange? I think somebody should look into that.
    :smirk:
  • Tragedy and Pleasure?
    I am reading, 'Why Does Trajedy Give Pleasure? by A. D. Nuttall (1996) — Jack Cummins
    Interesting topic. (But why do you refer to "Fuller"? What does s/he have to do with Nuttall's book?)

    Anyway, fwiw, 'studies of tragedy' I've found most insightful (among the ones already mentioned and others) are Antigones by George Steiner and Joyful Cruelty by Clément Rosset. As an artform, 'tragedy' allows the audience/readers to play 'the game of death' – slip the mask of daily denial of mortality – and perhaps live on moved/wounded ... like Jacob wrestling his Angel.

    The "problem", I think, is that the "pleasure" of tragedy is much harder to come by, or fully experience, in our time than in premodern times because, by comparison especially in today's hyperconsumerist West, we are mostly urbanized – de-nature-ized – and thereby overstimulated (i.e. benumbed, anaestheticized) by hypersensationalized trivia continuously. Every misshap is now called "tragic"; ubiquitous vidiocy trivializes 'the game of death' (i.e. the real).

    Pardon my superficial gloss, Jack, @BC has said it much better. :fire:
  • Is the real world fair and just?
    ↪Wayfarer
    Read Camus' anything but futilistic interpretation of Sisyphus (rolling 'the philosopher's stone' aka Life) – a mythic dramatization of Nietzsche's amor fati or eternal return of the same (Ja-sagen!) :fire:
  • A (simple) definition for philosophy
    a statement about another statement. — Tarskian
    That's merely a metastatement (@Lionino)

    IMO, a "philosophical statement" is a non-propositional expression (i.e. proposal) of a presupposition or an implication derived from a proposed answer to a philosophical question or from a philosophical question itself. A philosophical question, OTOH, is a counterfactual supposition (or thought-experiment) that cannot be definitively answered by either empirical or formal means (i.e. propositions).

    Example:
    Is the world (i e. a concept of "the world") deterministic or indeterministic?

    If the world is deterministic, meaning that every event is caused by a prior event (i.e. non-random), then every person's choosing is epiphenomenal (or an illusion).

    However, if the world is indeterministic, meaning that every event is uncaused (i.e. random), then, yet again, every person's choosing is epiphenomenal (or an illusion).

    Suppose the world has both deterministic properties and indeterministic properties, meaning that any chain, or sequence, of events consists in alternating causal and noncausal relations, which therefore implies that every person's choosing is unconstrained-within-constraints, or compatible with the world conceived of having both deterministic and indetetministic properties.
    I'm not satisfied with this simplistic example but I think it works well enough. My point is that philosophy's sine qua non is her questions (even meta-questions) – the how what when & why of them – rather than any answers, or "statements". In Socratic manner, I think, philosophizing strives to reason to more probative questions (or more clear, precise formulations of a question) and not just the academic penchant for masturbating each other with cleverer and cleverer logical puzzles.
  • Is the real world fair and just?
    I actually interpret Spinoza as a sort of 'acosmist', so not sure I would call him an immanentist ... — boundless
    Well, fwiw, I see no other way but to interpret Spinoza as both an immanentist and acosmist sub specie aeternitatis (though sub specie durationis also as a pandeist, which (for me) ontically relates him to that other great immanentist Epicurus).
  • Is the real world fair and just?
    Reality seems to have replaced God as a subject of transcendental hope. — Tom Storm
    For Spinozists, reality (Deus, sive naturans) is ineluctably immanent – the encompassing horizon that reason necessarily cannot encompass (i.e. explain, or transcend) – and exhausts all of our other rational ideas, concepts & categories. Absurdists might say "reality is the subject of transcendental despair" (i.e. void, anicca, dao, sunyata). Also, faith (i.e. "hope") isn't needed because in practice denying or ignoring reality tends to be hazardous. :smirk:

    ↪boundless
    On the contrary, with all due respect, perhaps the world (naively) seems "imperfect" to us only because each one of us is "imperfect" ... Philosophy can be a practice – "spiritual exercise" (Hadot) – for learning (again) to see the world as perfect and thereby, like Sisyphus, always striving to perfect our communities and ourselves (e.g. ethics-as-tikkun olam).
  • A (simple) definition for philosophy
    ↪Wayfarer
    :up:
  • Donald Trump (All General Trump Conversations Here)
    ↪Relativist
    :up:
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    ↪NOS4A2
    Yeah, the favorite candidate of racists and nativists DonOLD The Clown made those deplorables "proud" today.
  • US Election 2024 (All general discussion)
    The Party is not a democracy and has its own process for nominating the nominee and had every option available to it to not nominate Biden at the upcoming convention. — Benkei
    :100: Exactly.
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