Comments

  • Is personal Gnosis legitimate wisdom?
    I'm actually very dumbWheatley
    from the thread Any high IQ people here?

    Silence is golden! :chin:
  • Any high IQ people here?
    I'm actually very dumbWheatley

    Silence is golden! :chin:
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    @Banno
    Notice that despite this, it's not the case that just any words will do. You choose the words for your posts with great care. — Banno

    I hope I did choose the words for my post with great care. From a Wittgensteinian perspective I'm obligated to ensure that my choice of words respect the language game that I wish to participate in - I did the best I could.

    The arbitrariness of word meaning, however, is revealed only when we look at how word meaning changes across different language games. Enough said.

    I've seen a lot of posts still assuming "reality" or some placeholder--"consciousness", "meaning" (metaphysical, logical, internal, behavioral, scientific, etc.)--as if Kant hadn't already made a sufficient argument that we can't know the Thing-In-Itself (though he thought we could, through rationality, accomplish the same goal without an objective world). — Banno

    Yes, we (probably) can't know the thing-in-itself but that doesn't imply, to my reckoning, that the thing-in-itself lacks an essence.

    Language, in my humble opinion, was designed to field signs (words) that were then linked to referents (the essences of the things-in-themselves).

    Now for some reasons, one possibility being people misusing/abusing words (using words incorrectly i.e. assuming a flexible attitude towards definitions), a single sign (word) began to apply to more than one referent (thing-in-itself) and we get family resemblance. At this juncture, it becomes imperative that we distinguish family resemblance from polysemy (one word having different meanings; puns) for the latter was a well-known feature of language but the former was introduced later by Wittgenstein.

    Family resemblance is distinct from polysemy because unlike the latter, it creates an illusion that a word has an essence to it. The reason for this is simple:

    Word: Definitional features
    A: w, x
    A: x, y
    A: w, y

    Because there's an overlap (partial/incomplete) with respect to definitional features of the word A, we make the mistake of thinking there's an essence to A but on further/deeper analysis, we discover there is none. This illusion of essence does not occur with polysemy (puns).

    It would indeed be a grave error if someone were to philosophize on the word A in terms of its essence (a fixed referent) because, like it or not, there is none. I believe Wittgenstein claimed that most philosophical problems were of this type - philosophers fooled by family resemblances and the illusion of essence that comes with it. Off the top of my head, I can't think of an example. Perhaps you can help me out here.

    Essence is expressed by Grammar.Banno

    After reading a few articles here and there about Wittgenstein, I have come to the conclusion that what he has to say about language and philosophy is of consequence but to say that essence is about grammar is going a bit too far for my taste. It feels like Wittgenstein has created this language box for philosophy and he's trying just too hard to fit philosophy into it - what's inside the box isn't philosophy but Wittgenstein's own distorted notion of philosophy. I even feel justified to level the charge of sophistry against Wittgenstein. This is just my opinion though.

    Wittgenstein seems to be making a point on language - that words don't possess an essence or, positively speaking, meaning is use, and we could be, given that is so, talking past each other but language and philosophy are entirely different subjects.
    — TheMadFool

    I suggest thinking about our entire way of life. How do we feed ourselves? Raise children? Punish criminals? Get to work in the morning? Then think of talking as making conventional noises which help us coordinate practical action (including mating.) What's the meaning of a pheromone ? Of rattlesnake venom?
    hanaH

    If there's a point to your post, sorry I didn't get it.

    An essence to my understanding is anything that sums up the true nature of a thing whatever that thing is.
    — TheMadFool
    There's way too many arbitrary word-uses in this statement for it to make sense. Existence before essence (i.e. forms-of-life contextualize language-games) – or didn't you read the memo? Plato / Aristotle (... Husserl) might say you fail to (com)prehend the essence of essence, Fool. Wtf are you talking about anyway – what does "the essence of Wittgenstein" even mean? :confused:
    180 Proof

    If X has an essence, then that implies X has a set of qualities (a, b, c,..) that makes X X. These qualities (a, b, c,..) help identify X as X. I'm sorry I can't make it any clearer than that.

    How essences relate to Wittgenstein is that though a word lacks an essence, it doesn't imply that that which the word refers to lacks an essence.

    This is ultimately true, by which I mean objectively true, but words do have an onomatopoeic quality, even if they are not used onomatopoeically, which yet imparts to them a subjective essence. For instance, there is a definite essence, surely subjective in nature, by which I mean that said essence exists as the word is percieved by the human mind, to the English words "teeny-weeny" and "itsy-bitsy", and a rationale for why these words describe smallness, the "slenderness" of the vowels within them producing a feeling of spareness within the mind's eye. Could one possibly concieve of "itsy-bitsy" as referring to the grandiosity of a thing? In like manner, there is a rationale for why the Old Irish word mor describes bigness/largeness/greatness, with it's "thick" vowelization, and so this word can be said to have a subjectively discerned essence, itself. I wouldcontend that words which have an onomatopoeic quality, do so because they have a subjective essence. If you look carefully, you will notice that there is far more onomatopoeia in the word stock of language s than you might initially surmise.Michael Zwingli

    Excellent! :up:

    Indeed, this is what makes mathematics so beautiful. It can create arguments without the intrusion of linguistic uncertainty to cloud meaning, or otherwise bollocks things up.Michael Zwingli

    There is no such thing as family resemblance in math.

    He was legit.hanaH

    I believe so too. How could I have goofed up like that!
  • Is personal Gnosis legitimate wisdom?
    Definition of "Unspeakable"

    1. not able to be expressed in words.

    "I felt an unspeakable tenderness towards her"

    Similar: indescribable; beyond words; beyond description; inexpressible; unutterable; indefinable; beggaring description; ineffable; unimaginable; inconceivable; unthinkable; unheard of; marvellous; wonderful

    2. too bad or horrific to express in words.

    "a piece of unspeakable abuse"

    Similar: dreadful; awful; appalling; horrific; horrifying; horrible; terrible; horrendous; atrocious; insufferable; abominable; abhorrent; repellent; repulsive; repugnant; revolting; sickening; frightful; fearful; shocking; hideous; ghastly; grim; dire; hateful; odious; loathsome; gruesome; monstrous; outrageous; heinous; deplorable; despicable; contemptible


    Gnosticism is heresy!
  • Evidence of Consciousness Surviving the Body
    What's "...consciousness that isn't conscious of anything[?]" If your conscious, then being aware (in some way) is a necessary feature of consciousness. Maybe you're thinking of someone who is in a coma (or something similar), so their unconscious, or their not aware of anything. Sometimes people who we think aren't aware, are indeed aware, as has happened in some cases. Even if a person is in a coma and not "doing anything" that's much different from a person who doesn't exist, whatever "doesn't exist" means in this context (I assume you mean dead.).Sam26

    Think of the mind as a vessel, its contents are thoughts. The vessel (the mind) contains thoughts, through these thoughts, via metacognition, the mind (the vessel) becomes self-aware. Imagine now, you empty the mind (very Buddhist), empty the vessel of thoughts. The mind is not thinking anything at this point and yet the mind (the vessel) continues to exist. This empty mind (empty vessel; no thinking) is identical to no mind (nonexistent mind). See :point: mushin no shin

  • How do we know that our choices make sense?
    1. Do our choices make sense?
    In other words, are there reasons behind our decisions?

    A man always has two reasons for doing anything: a good reason and the real reason. — J. P. Morgan

    2. How do we know our choices make sense?

    In the thick of it, one is aware of only the good reason but with hindsight and a loads of soul-searching, one finds out the real reason.
  • The structure of a moral claim to truth
    But that does not mean enjoying an ice cream or other superficial pleasures. When Thomas Jefferson wrote of the pursuit of happiness he was working with Aristotle's understanding of it and it meant the goal of human thought, an enriched life following the pursuit of knowledge. Not a wild weekend of binge drinking or getting a new car.Athena

    Goals...pursuit...happiness...human thought...enriched life...binge drinking...a new car...Aristotle...Thomas Jefferson...ice cream...superficial...pleasures.

    Happiness is evolution's devious honey trap. Aristotle and probably Jefferson - human thought - transcended all that and pleasures became superficial and not. Binge drinking, a new car, ice cream, I want all of that; no one listens to Aristotle and no one understands Thomas Jefferson.
  • Is personal Gnosis legitimate wisdom?
    It is not necessary that you leave the house. Remain at your table and listen. Do not even listen, only wait. Do not even wait, be wholly still and alone. The world will present itself to you for its unmasking, it can do no other, in ecstasy it will writhe at your feet.T Clark

    :up: And even if you kick it away, it'll crawl back to you.
  • Is personal Gnosis legitimate wisdom?
    The question of all questions is, why was gnosticism branded as heresy?

    What's so, oxymoron notwithstanding, satanic about a direct, one-on-one, encounter with God, the divine?

    As @Jack Cummins and I once discussed, the boundary between good and evil seems to get blurred, almost to the point of nonexistence at certain points in spirituality. I can't explain it but it happens in other areas too: wise fool, mad genius, frenemy, I could go on.

    Perhaps gnosticism has links to paganism and its very own pantheon of deities, a clear and present danger to Yahweh as the alpha and omega of all there is and beyond.

    It bears mentioning whether the Vatican ever really mulled over the real possibility that Moses, Jesus, and Mohammed, all bona fide prophets, had expreiences that could be interpreted as gnostic in character.
  • Is personal Gnosis legitimate wisdom?

    1. Nothing exists;

    2. Even if something exists, nothing can be known about it;

    3. Even if something can be known about it, knowledge about it can't be communicated to others.

    4. Even if it can be communicated, it cannot be understood
    — Gorgias

    :fire: :cool: :fire:
  • The important question of what understanding is.
    Me (to a stranger): Sir, can you give me the directions to the nearest hotel?

    Stranger (to me): Yeah, sure. Take this road and turn left at the second junction. There's a hotel there, a good one.

    ---

    Me (to Siri): Siri, can you give me the directions to the nearest hotel?

    Siri: The shortest route to the hotel nearest you is take x street, turn left at y street . It should take you about 3 minutes in light traffic.


    Both Siri and the kind stranger (seem to have) understood my question. A mini Turing Test.
  • Is personal Gnosis legitimate wisdom?
    Gnostic: I know something but I can't put it into words for you.

    Lay person: Say you don't know something. Can you put it into words?

    Gnostic: No, of course not.

    Lay person: Then how can I tell the difference between you knowing and you not knowing.
  • Kurt Gödel & Quantum Physics
    They are men without a mathematical equivalent somewhere because their mathematical equivalent doesn't existGraveItty

    How do you know that? What's nonmathematical about man?

    This question is exactly the reason I argued like I did and I answered it already. If a physical form (the drawn or imagined line) can't be expressed as a math formula, there is no counterpart of the form in the math space.GraveItty

    But there were times, I believe, when many mathematical topics today were once never thought to have been mathematical. You seem math-literate, I'm sure you can think of such an instance. How about the mathematical turn to natural philosophy flagged off by Copernicus/Galileo/Newton?

    The place of math is simply the mindGraveItty

    You don't know that.

    Here's some food for thought: Is the theory of a mathematical universe an illusion, a bewitchment by language (re: Wittgenstein)? Not everything in math, to my knowledge, is about numbers/shapes (arithmetic/geometry) but when someone claims "it's all math" he means to say that arithmetic/geometry is involved.

    Thus what we have here is a discipline/field (math) whose expansionist behavior is gobbling up other fields/disciplines but the catch is, its (math's) definition is also being altered to factor this in until what we have today, as I'm led to believe, math is a study of patterns. I'm sure Thales, Pythagoras, Archimedes would raise pertinent objections to this point of view. I dunno!
  • The Problem of Resemblences
    Do you have Swiss consciousness? Somehow your name sounds Swiss. Like meusli.Thunderballs
  • Evidence of Consciousness Surviving the Body
    Death, defined as the end of consciousness can't be distinguished from consciousness that isn't conscious of anything. As far as I'm concerned, a person who exists but is not doing anything can't be told apart from a person who doesn't exist.
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    Update

    I've always been a bit, a whole lot actually, bothered by what is correct usage of words. This is basically the idea that a word has a fixed referent and while context/the language game matter, given a particular context/language game, a word has a referent that should remain constant.

    Consider now Wittgenstein's private language argument. He deems such an impossibility because it would be incoherent. It's not clear what he meant by that but the received wisdom seems to be that correct usage becomes meaningless as the sign/word - referent association breaks down and becomes chaotic, too chaotic to be understood hence, incoherence.

    This suggests, to me at least, that Wittgenstein subscribes to the sign-referent theory of meaning or some variation of it. If not, his private language argument is nonsensical (correct usage).

    Come now to Wittgenstein's meaning is use concept. Words can be used for anything that we can do with them seems to be the takeaway. There is no essence (to a word) holding us back. Basically, correct usage is meaningless or N/A.

    What up with that?
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    Update

    Possibilities:

    1. Perhaps that words lack an essence reflects the fact that reality lacks an essence.

    2. Our definition of meaning as an AND function fails to do justice to how it actually operates, AND/OR function. Family resemblance.
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    there's a great deal of disagreement about what he meansDaemon

    :up: Wittgenstein, was he a charlatan? A pseudo-philosopher?
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    Now, I always say context is important. Wittgenstein believed so too.Hermeticus

    This is problematic. The significance of context was known way before Wittgenstein was even born. His theory of language games must be about something else entirely; if not, why all the fuss? Is this much ado about nothing? Something was/is probably lost in translation?
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    There's a bit more to Wittgenstein than recognizing the arbitrariness of the sign.Srap Tasmaner

    What might that be?
  • Kurt Gödel & Quantum Physics
    My point is that forms in the mathematical realm owe their existence to the physical reality.GraveItty

    Why can't it be the other way round? The physical seems to be obeying mathematical forms.
  • Kurt Gödel & Quantum Physics
    It is their mathematical formulation and their abstraction in the mathematical realm (a mathematical sphere is a different sphere as a physical one) that they don't possess.GraveItty

    Why? Are you trying to say that, for instance, Brad Pitt, Albert Einstein, Abraham Lincoln, (basically men) are not men?

    Only an approximation.GraveItty

    I see, a Platonic point of view as far as I can tell. Did Plato ever consider the imagination? Did he not realize, I'm sure he must've, that, in a certain sense, perfection exists only imagination? How does he tell apart imagination and the world of forms? Imagination = World of forms? :chin:
  • Kurt Gödel & Quantum Physics
    Don't take derivation litterally, as if physical structures posses mathematical structuresGraveItty

    Why would physical structures not possess mathematical structures. When I look at an ordinary die, I see a cube and when I look at the sun/moon, I see a sphere.
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    Update

    The so-called linguistic turn in philosophy, allegedly initiated by Ludwig Wittgenstein, is said to have reduced philosophy to language. In other words, philosophy is an aspect of language lacking, to my reckoning, any distinct identity in and of itself. It's kinda like saying physics is, all said and done, just math. :chin:
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    Nothing personal, I just don't want to keep repeating myself.Sam26

    Same here! Most of my ideas/thoughts seem to belong to someone else if being the original thinker amounts to owning an idea. If you have any issues, go talk to them. Thank you.
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    I'm not going to argue about this issue. It's been argued about a millions times in this forum.Sam26

    Suit yourself.
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    I agree, language can be friend or foe depending on your understanding of how language works. I don't think that language is used to give us mental pictures to allow us to understand reality. I'm not saying we don't get mental pictures, but this isn't something we should rely on to understand reality. Who's mental picture is correct? In many ways it's correct to say that propositions picture reality, or mirror reality, but this isn't the same as a mental pictureSam26

    You're contradicting yourself but I get the point.

    You're close to falling into the hole of words equating to mental objects.Sam26

    Thanks for the heads up. :up:
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    I said you have to be a bit more precise, not exact. In language, sometimes a blurry image is just what we need.Sam26

    It's the same thing in my book. That's precisely/exactly what I meant too.

    However, in this case, if you're correct that meaning equates to use, then any use of a word in any context would necessitate its meaning, and this isn't true.Sam26

    Ignoratio elenchi. Wittgenstein, and I too, am talking about words and not meaning.

    Language is the main tool of philosophy, it's where philosophy lives and breathes. Why would you suppose that all hope is lost if this is the case?Sam26

    Language is a tool alright, a good one at that, but not the best.
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    The aim of philosophy is to get to the truth. Language is both friend and foe in this enterprise. By helping us form mental pictures (maps) it allows us to analyze reality (territory) but as it so happens, it has its peculiarities, it's too flexible I guess.
  • Kurt Gödel & Quantum Physics
    Obviously invented and projected upon physical reality. It's reasonable that math is effective. Math is derived from structures in the physical world.GraveItty

    Invented and derived. :chin:

    Perhaps we forgot what we had invented. This happens for real I believe. Andrew Wiles (mathematician who proved Fermat's Last Theorem) must've all but forgotten his proof.
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    Meaning is not use. You have to be a bit more precise.Sam26

    The notion itself lacks exactitude. You can't fix a blurry image by getting corrective glasses.

    And, why would you wonder if we could do philosophy without language. Of course we couldn't. It would be like asking if trains could pull themselves without the locomotive.Sam26

    IF you're right, all hope is lost.
  • Climate Change (General Discussion)
    Human activities have increased the concentration of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere, amplifying Earth's natural greenhouse effect. — www.climate.gov

    Does hypercapnia (carbon dioxide poisoning) explain the chaos apparent in the world today?

    Hypercapnia may happen in the context of an underlying health condition, and symptoms may relate to this condition or directly to the hypercapnia. Specific symptoms attributable to early hypercapnia are dyspnea (breathlessness), headache, confusion and lethargy. — Wikipedia

    Are climate deniers and all others who are in a state of confusion (the whole world basically) suffering from poisoning? :chin:
  • The structure of a moral claim to truth
    Indeed, if a sociopath asks why they should be moral other than consequences, there is no true answer. And if we're trying to decide which moral theory is true, there is no answer.Marchesk

    I dunno! I guess we need to realize that there are certain truths involved e.g. what we value are assertions (e.g. happiness is good) in morality. From these values certain recommendations as regards what our moral theory should look like follows. These recommendations, however, are not true in the sense the values from which they're inferred from are true.

    1. We value happiness
    Ergo,
    2. We should do x, y, z,...

    An "argument" but 2 isn't true.

    :chin:
  • The Essence Of Wittgenstein
    I don't know what I should've done. I'm just groping in the dark as far as I can tell.

    Wittgenstein seems to be making a point on language - that words don't possess an essence or, positively speaking, meaning is use, and we could be, given that is so, talking past each other but language and philosophy are entirely different subjects. I'm left wondering though whether we can do any philosophy without language and this reminds me of noumena and phenomena.